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by The Nihilistic view » Sat Dec 14, 2013 10:10 am
by The Gallant Old Republic » Sat Dec 14, 2013 10:59 am
by Regnum Dominae » Sat Dec 14, 2013 3:43 pm
Energy for the Future Act
Authors: Regnum Dominae [ALM] | Urgency: High | SIMBEDS: Environment & Energy
Sponsors: Dragomere [USLP], Beta Test [ALM], The Nihilistic View [ALM], Geilinor [NDP], New Zepuha [ALM], Ainin [NDP], Maklohi Vai [NDP], Haelunor [RG]
The Senate of the Aurentine Commonwealth hereby:
REPEALS the National Aurentine Commission for Renewable Energy Research Establishment Act (NACREREA), striking it out and rendering it null and void.
ENACTS the following:
A. Fossil Fuels
1. Regulation & Oversighta. For the purposes of the regulation and oversight of fossil-fuel energy, the Fossil Fuel Regulatory Commission (FFRC) shall be established, under the direct authority of the Ministry of Energy. The FFRC shall be tasked with the oversight and regulation of the coal, oil, and natural gas industries.
2. Coala. For each new coal power station that is built in Aurentina, coal power stations that generate an amount of energy equal to or greater than two hundred percent of the generation capacity of the new coal power station must be shut down.
b. The locations of coal power stations shall be selected so as to minimize detrimental impact on humans and the environment.
c. All coal power stations shall be required to install technology to facilitate the reduction of harmful emissions (including carbon, nitrates, and particulate matter) as much as possible.
d. A permanent moratorium shall be placed on the construction of new coal power stations. Coal power stations that are already in the process of construction shall be permitted to finish construction.
3. Oila. For each new oil power station that is built in Aurentina, oil energy production of an equal to or greater amount than the production capacity of the new power station must be shut down.
b. The locations of oil power stations shall be selected so as to minimize detrimental impact on humans and the environment.
c. All oil power stations shall be required to install technology to facilitate the reduction of harmful emissions (including carbon, nitrates, and particulate matter) as much as possible.
d. No new oil power stations shall begin construction after the year 2025. Oil power stations that are in the process of being constructed at this time shall be permitted to complete construction.
4. Natural Gasa. The locations of natural gas power stations shall be selected so as to minimize detrimental impact on humans and the environment.
b. All natural gas power stations shall be required to install technology to facilitate the reduction of harmful emissions (including carbon, nitrates, and particulate matter) as much as possible.
c. No new natural gas power stations shall begin construction after the year 2050. Natural gas power stations that are in the process of being constructed at this time shall be permitted to complete construction.
B. Nuclear Energy
1. Regulation & Oversighta. For the purposes of regulation and oversight of the nuclear energy industry, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) shall be established, under the direct authority of the Ministry of Energy. The duties of the NRC shall be threefold:
i. Regulation and oversight of the process of nuclear power generation, and of the running of nuclear power plants, and oversight of private businesses involved in the Aurentine nuclear industry.
ii. Management and disposal of spent nuclear fuel and other nuclear waste.
iii. Education of the general public on the safety and benefits of nuclear energy.
2. Nuclear Safety
a. All nuclear power plants shall undergo regular thorough safety inspections at a minimum of once per year.
b. If a safety inspection finds that a nuclear power plant has a serious safety problem, the plant shall be immediately shut down until the problem is resolved.
c. Nuclear power plants shall be sited at least 1 km from cities of above 100,000 (one hundred thousand) population, at least 3 km from cities of above 500,000 (five hundred thousand) population, and at least 5 km from cities of above 1,000,000 (one million) population.
d. The NRC shall cooperate fully with the IAEA, and allow IAEA inspectors to inspect operating nuclear power plants.
3. Nuclear Waste Managementa. The NRC shall be tasked with the responsibility of handling spent fuel and other waste products from nuclear power plants, and the safe disposal thereof.
b. The NRC shall construct a deep storage repository for the safe long-term disposal of radioactive nuclear waste, in the following timeframe:
i. Determination of possible repository sites shall begin immediately.
ii. The site of the repository shall be selected by the end of year 2015.
iii. Property acquisition shall be completed by the end of the year 2016.
iv. Plans for construction shall be finalized by the end of the year 2018.
v. Construction shall begin by the end of the year 2019.
vi. Construction shall be completed by the end of the year 2023.
vii. The deep storage repository shall be in operation by the end of the year 2025.
c. The NRC shall be responsible for tracking all nuclear material within the country, and safeguarding this material against possible theft by rogue states, criminals, terrorist groups, and any other persons and/or organizations whose hypothetical possession of nuclear material is deemed to be a threat to national or international security by the NRC.
C. Renewable Energy
1. Regulation & Oversighta. For the purposes of regulation and oversight of the renewable energy industries, including but not limited to solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, wave/tidal, and biomass energy production, the Renewable Energy Regulatory Commission (RERC) shall be established, under the direct authority of the Ministry of Energy. The duties of the RERC are twofold:
i. To regulate and oversee the renewable energy industries.
ii. Education of the general public on the safety and benefits of renewable energy.
2. Solar Energya. Solar energy plants shall be constructed in the areas of the nation which receive the greatest amount of annual solar insolation. Both solar photovoltaic and concentrated solar energy technologies shall be used.
b. As an incentive for the more widespread adoption of solar panels, households and businesses shall be allowed to sell excess solar energy back to the grid at a premium price.
3. Wind Energya. Sites for wind farms shall be chosen so as to have the least possible detrimental impact while still retaining prime locations for maximum wind energy production.
b. Offshore wind farms shall be constructed in prime areas for harnessing the energy of the wind, where current technology allows.
c. The Ministry of Energy shall work with the Ministry of Research and Astronomy for the development of further advancements in offshore wind turbine technology.
4. Hydroelectric Energya. New hydroelectric dams shall be carefully considered for negative impact, and sites shall be chosen which have the least negative impact on humans and the environment.
b. All people who own property that will be inundated by hydroelectric dams shall be compensated by the government at a price equalling the full market value of the property being inundated.
5. Geothermal Energya. The RERC shall carry out an investigation into the possibility of geothermal energy resources within Aurentina. Should geothermal resources be found, geothermal energy plants shall be constructed on these geothermal areas.
6. Wave/Tidal Energya. The RERC, along with the Ministry of Research, shall continue research into wave and tidal energy, with the eventual goal of establishing wave and tidal energy as feasible, economical sources of energy generation.
7. Biofuela. As biofuel is a highly inefficient, massively polluting source of energy generation, the generation of energy through biofuel shall be phased out immediately.
8. Future Sources of Energya. Should new sources of potentially renewable energy be discovered in the future, such energy sources shall fall under the jurisdiction of the RERC.
D. Plan 2050a. Plan 2050 will be a long-term plan to drastically reduce the usage of fossil fuels by the year 2050, to be replaced by renewable and nuclear energy. Plan 2050 shall fall under the direct jurisdiction of the Ministry of Energy.
1. Fossil Fuel Reductiona. A carbon emissions reduction target of 3% (three percent) per year shall be set, effective beginning in the year 2018.
b. The Ministry of Energy and the Ministry of Research and Astronomy shall be responsible for researching and implementing Carbon Capture & Sequestration (CCS) technologies on as fast a timeframe as is economically feasible.
c. A coal energy generation reduction target of 12% (twelve percent) per year shall be set, along with an ultimate goal of entirely phasing out coal power generation by the year 2035.
d. An oil energy generation reduction target of 6% (six percent) per year shall be set, along with an ultimate goal of entirely phasing out oil power generation by the year 2050.
e. A natural gas energy generation reduction target of 4% (four percent) per year shall be set, along with an ultimate goal of entirely phasing out natural gas power generation by the year 2075. By the year 2050, natural gas shall make up less than 10% (ten percent) of the total energy production.
2. Nuclear Energy for the Futurea. The Ministry of Energy shall prioritize nuclear energy, with the goal of nuclear energy being responsible for at least 50% (fifty percent) of Aurentina's total energy production by the year 2050.
b. A nuclear energy production growth target of 3% (three percent) per year shall be set.
c. The Ministry of Energy shall work with the Ministry of Research and Astronomy to continue research into the thorium fuel cycle as a viable source of nuclear energy, with the goal of having commercial-scale thorium nuclear power plants operating by the year 2020.
d. The Ministry of Energy shall participate fully in international nuclear fusion research projects such as ITER, with the goal of achieving nuclear fusion as a viable commercial-scale energy source sometime between the year 2040 and the year 2055.
3. Renewable Energy for the Futurea. A wind energy production growth target of 12% (twelve percent) per year shall be set.
b. A solar energy production growth target of 7% (seven percent) per year shall be set.
c. Hydroelectric energy shall be maintained at least at its current portion of total energy production, and new hydroelectric dams shall be built to replace old, failing dams.
d. Wind energy shall be prioritized, with the goal of wind energy being responsible for 25% (twenty-five percent) of total energy production by the year 2050.
e. Solar energy shall be prioritized, with the goal of solar energy being responsible for 15% (fifteen percent) of total energy production by the year 2050.
f. Should geothermal energy be realized as a viable energy source within Aurentina, a goal shall be set for geothermal energy to reach 3% (three percent) of total energy production by the year 2050.
g. Should tidal and wave energy be realized as a viable and economical source of energy, a goal shall be set for tidal and wave energy to reach 5% (five percent) of total energy production by the year 2050.
- Code: Select all
[align=center][size=200]Energy for the Future Act[/size]
[b]Authors:[/b] Regnum Dominae [ALM] | [b]Urgency:[/b] High | [b]SIMBEDS:[/b] Environment & Energy
[b]Sponsors:[/b] Dragomere [USLP], Beta Test [ALM], The Nihilistic View [ALM], Geilinor [NDP], New Zepuha [ALM], Ainin [NDP], Maklohi Vai [NDP][/align][hr][/hr]
The Senate of the Aurentine Commonwealth hereby:
REPEALS the National Aurentine Commission for Renewable Energy Research Establishment Act (NACREREA), striking it out and rendering it null and void.
ENACTS the following:
A. Fossil Fuels
1. Regulation & Oversight
[blocktext]a. For the purposes of the regulation and oversight of fossil-fuel energy, the Fossil Fuel Regulatory Commission (FFRC) shall be established, under the direct authority of the Ministry of Energy. The FFRC shall be tasked with the oversight and regulation of the coal, oil, and natural gas industries.[/blocktext]
2. Coal
[blocktext]a. For each new coal power station that is built in Aurentina, coal power stations that generate an amount of energy equal to or greater than two hundred percent of the generation capacity of the new coal power station must be shut down.
b. The locations of coal power stations shall be selected so as to minimize detrimental impact on humans and the environment.
c. All new coal power stations shall be required to install technology to facilitate the reduction of harmful emissions (including carbon, nitrates, and particulate matter) as much as possible.
d. A permanent moratorium shall be placed on the construction of new coal power stations. Coal power stations that are already in the process of construction shall be permitted to finish construction.[/blocktext]
3. Oil
[blocktext]a. For each new oil power station that is built in Aurentina, oil energy production of an equal to or greater amount than the production capacity of the new power station must be shut down.
b. The locations of oil power stations shall be selected so as to minimize detrimental impact on humans and the environment.
c. All new oil power stations shall be required to install technology to facilitate the reduction of harmful emissions (including carbon, nitrates, and particulate matter) as much as possible.
d. No new oil power stations shall begin construction after the year 2025. Oil power stations that are in the process of being constructed at this time shall be permitted to complete construction.[/blocktext]
4. Natural Gas
[blocktext]a. The locations of natural gas power stations shall be selected so as to minimize detrimental impact on humans and the environment.
b. All new natural gas power stations shall be required to install technology to facilitate the reduction of harmful emissions (including carbon, nitrates, and particulate matter) as much as possible.
c. No new natural gas power stations shall begin construction after the year 2050. Natural gas power stations that are in the process of being constructed at this time shall be permitted to complete construction.[/blocktext]
B. Nuclear Energy
1. Regulation & Oversight
[blocktext]a. For the purposes of regulation and oversight of the nuclear energy industry, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) shall be established, under the direct authority of the Ministry of Energy. The duties of the NRC shall be threefold:
i. Regulation and oversight of the process of nuclear power generation, and of the running of nuclear power plants, and oversight of private businesses involved in the Aurentine nuclear industry.
ii. Management and disposal of spent nuclear fuel and other nuclear waste.
iii. Education of the general public on the safety and benefits of nuclear energy.[/blocktext]
2. Nuclear Safety
[blocktext]a. All nuclear power plants shall undergo regular thorough safety inspections at a minimum of once per year.
b. If a safety inspection finds that a nuclear power plant has a serious safety problem, the plant shall be immediately shut down until the problem is[color=#BF0000] resolved[/color].
c. Nuclear power plants shall be sited at least 1 km from cities of above 100,000 (one hundred thousand) population, at least 3 km from cities of above 500,000 (five hundred thousand) population, and at least 5 km from cities of above 1,000,000 (one million) population.
d. The NRC shall cooperate fully with the IAEA, and allow IAEA inspectors to inspect operating nuclear power plants.[/blocktext]
3. Nuclear Waste Management
[blocktext]a. The NRC shall be tasked with the responsibility of handling spent fuel and other waste products from nuclear power plants, and the safe disposal thereof.
b. The NRC shall construct a deep storage repository for the safe long-term disposal of radioactive nuclear waste, in the following timeframe:
i. Determination of possible repository sites shall begin immediately.
ii. The site of the repository shall be selected by the end of year 2015.
iii. Property acquisition shall be completed by the end of the year 2016.
iv. Plans for construction shall be finalized by the end of the year 2018.
v. Construction shall begin by the end of the year 2019.
vi. Construction shall be completed by the end of the year 2023.
vii. The deep storage repository shall be in operation by the end of the year 2025.
c. The NRC shall be responsible for tracking all nuclear material within the country, and safeguarding this material against possible theft by rogue states, criminals, terrorist groups, and any other persons and/or organizations whose hypothetical possession of nuclear material is deemed to be a threat to national or international security by the NRC.[/blocktext]
C. Renewable Energy
1. Regulation & Oversight
[blocktext]a. For the purposes of regulation and oversight of the renewable energy industries, including but not limited to solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, wave/tidal, and biomass energy production, the Renewable Energy Regulatory Commission (RERC) shall be established, under the direct authority of the Ministry of Energy. The duties of the RERC are twofold:
i. To regulate and oversee the renewable energy industries.
ii. Education of the general public on the safety and benefits of renewable energy.[/blocktext]
2. Solar Energy
[blocktext]a. Solar energy plants shall be constructed in the areas of the nation which receive the greatest amount of annual solar insolation. Both solar photovoltaic and concentrated solar energy technologies shall be used.
b. As an incentive for the more widespread adoption of solar panels, households and businesses shall be allowed to sell excess solar energy back to the grid at a premium price.[/blocktext]
3. Wind Energy
[blocktext]a. Sites for wind farms shall be chosen so as to have the least possible detrimental impact while still retaining prime locations for maximum wind energy production.
b. Offshore wind farms shall be constructed in prime areas for harnessing the energy of the wind, where current technology allows.
c. The Ministry of Energy shall work with the Ministry of Research and Astronomy for the development of further advancements in offshore wind turbine technology.[/blocktext]
4. Hydroelectric Energy
[blocktext]a. New hydroelectric dams shall be carefully considered for negative impact, and sites shall be chosen which have the least negative impact on humans and the environment.
b. All people who own property that will be inundated by hydroelectric dams shall be compensated by the government at a price equalling the full market value of the property being inundated.[/blocktext]
5. Geothermal Energy
[blocktext]a. The RERC shall carry out an investigation into the possibility of geothermal energy resources within Aurentina. Should geothermal resources be found, geothermal energy plants shall be constructed on these geothermal areas.[/blocktext]
6. Wave/Tidal Energy
[blocktext]a. The RERC, along with the Ministry of Research, shall continue research into wave and tidal energy, with the eventual goal of establishing wave and tidal energy as feasible, economical sources of energy generation.[/blocktext]
7. Biofuel
[blocktext]a. As biofuel is a highly inefficient, massively polluting source of energy generation, the generation of energy through biofuel shall be phased out immediately.[/blocktext]
8. Future Sources of Energy
[blocktext]a. Should new sources of potentially renewable energy be discovered in the future, such energy sources shall fall under the jurisdiction of the RERC.[/blocktext]
D. Plan 2050
[blocktext]a. Plan 2050 will be a long-term plan to drastically reduce the usage of fossil fuels by the year 2050, to be replaced by renewable and nuclear energy. Plan 2050 shall fall under the direct jurisdiction of the Ministry of Energy.[/blocktext]
1. Fossil Fuel Reduction
[blocktext]a. A carbon emissions reduction target of 3% (three percent) per year shall be set, effective beginning in the year 2018.
b. The Ministry of Energy and the Ministry of Research and Astronomy shall be responsible for researching and implementing Carbon Capture & Sequestration (CCS) technologies on as fast a timeframe as is economically feasible.
c. A coal energy generation reduction target of 12% (twelve percent) per year shall be set, along with an ultimate goal of entirely phasing out coal power generation by the year 2035.
d. An oil energy generation reduction target of 6% (six percent) per year shall be set, along with an ultimate goal of entirely phasing out oil power generation by the year 2050.
e. A natural gas energy generation reduction target of 4% (four percent) per year shall be set, along with an ultimate goal of entirely phasing out natural gas power generation by the year 2075. By the year 2050, natural gas shall make up less than 10% (ten percent) of the total energy production.[/blocktext]
2. Nuclear Energy for the Future
[blocktext]a. The Ministry of Energy shall prioritize nuclear energy, with the goal of nuclear energy being responsible for at least 50% (fifty percent) of Aurentina's total energy production by the year 2050.
b. A nuclear energy production growth target of 3% (three percent) per year shall be set.
c. The Ministry of Energy shall work with the Ministry of Research and Astronomy to continue research into the thorium fuel cycle as a viable source of nuclear energy, with the goal of having commercial-scale thorium nuclear power plants operating by the year 2020.
d. The Ministry of Energy shall participate fully in international nuclear fusion research projects such as ITER, with the goal of achieving nuclear fusion as a viable commercial-scale energy source sometime between the year 2040 and the year 2055.[/blocktext]
3. Renewable Energy for the Future
[blocktext]a. A wind energy production growth target of 12% (twelve percent) per year shall be set.
b. A solar energy production growth target of 7% (seven percent) per year shall be set.
c. Hydroelectric energy shall be maintained at least at its current portion of total energy production, and new hydroelectric dams shall be built to replace old, failing dams.
d. Wind energy shall be prioritized, with the goal of wind energy being responsible for 25% (twenty-five percent) of total energy production by the year 2050.
e. Solar energy shall be prioritized, with the goal of solar energy being responsible for 15% (fifteen percent) of total energy production by the year 2050.
f. Should geothermal energy be realized as a viable energy source within Aurentina, a goal shall be set for geothermal energy to reach 3% (three percent) of total energy production by the year 2050.
g. Should tidal and wave energy be realized as a viable and economical source of energy, a goal shall be set for tidal and wave energy to reach 5% (five percent) of total energy production by the year 2050.[/blocktext]
by The Saint James Islands » Sat Dec 14, 2013 3:48 pm
[23:53] <StJames> ^fake news^
The death of the West will not be a homicide, but a suicide.
by Regnum Dominae » Sat Dec 14, 2013 3:49 pm
by East Ormania » Sat Dec 14, 2013 3:52 pm
by Soviet Canuckistan » Sat Dec 14, 2013 3:53 pm
by Regnum Dominae » Sat Dec 14, 2013 4:01 pm
Soviet Canuckistan wrote:When does voting on the current acts end?
by Soviet Canuckistan » Sat Dec 14, 2013 4:06 pm
by Regnum Dominae » Sat Dec 14, 2013 4:10 pm
by Amerique Royal » Sat Dec 14, 2013 4:21 pm
by Macedonian Grand Empire » Sat Dec 14, 2013 4:24 pm
by The Liberated Territories » Sat Dec 14, 2013 4:28 pm
by Libertechie » Sat Dec 14, 2013 5:45 pm
by Neo Rome Republic » Sat Dec 14, 2013 6:20 pm
by Regnum Dominae » Sat Dec 14, 2013 7:46 pm
Regnum Dominae wrote:Where is the current queue? The SIMBEDS categories seem quite out of date in what bills they have in them.
by Regnum Dominae » Sun Dec 15, 2013 11:51 am
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