The Senate Coffee Shop: This Is Not The Chamber

[Collatis]

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Amendment 7

Sponsor: David Lyons (House of Judah|RGA)
Co-Sponsors:

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The text of Article XXXIX is amended to read ‘The Oath of Office to be taken before assuming office for the President shall be: “I, [name] do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the Office of the President and uphold the laws of Fernão to the best of my abilities, that I will protect the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Fernão, and that I shall consider it my utmost solemn duty to protect the sovereignty and democracy of Fernão.”’

The text of Article LVI is amended to read ‘The Vice Presidents shall take the following oath before taking office: “I, [name] do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the Office of the Vice President and uphold the laws of Fernão to the best of my abilities, that I will protect the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Fernão, and that I shall consider it my utmost solemn duty to protect the sovereignty and democracy of Fernão.”’

The text of Article LXVII is amended to read ‘Senators shall take the following oath before assuming office: “I, [name] do solemnly swear that I will faithfully uphold the laws of Fernão to the best of my abilities, that I will protect the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Fernão, and that I shall consider it my utmost solemn duty to protect the sovereignty and democracy of Fernão.”’

Sponsor - David Bloom, RGA

[Argentarino]

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Amendment 7

Sponsor: David Lyons (House of Judah|RGA)
Co-Sponsors: Priscilla Krishnan (The Sarian|CU), David Bloom (Collatis|RGA)

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The text of Article XXXIX is amended to read ‘The Oath of Office to be taken before assuming office for the President shall be: “I, [name] do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the Office of the President and uphold the laws of Fernão to the best of my abilities, that I will protect the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Fernão, and that I shall consider it my utmost solemn duty to protect the sovereignty and democracy of Fernão.”’

The text of Article LVI is amended to read ‘The Vice Presidents shall take the following oath before taking office: “I, [name] do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the Office of the Vice President and uphold the laws of Fernão to the best of my abilities, that I will protect the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Fernão, and that I shall consider it my utmost solemn duty to protect the sovereignty and democracy of Fernão.”’

The text of Article LXVII is amended to read ‘Senators shall take the following oath before assuming office: “I, [name] do solemnly swear that I will faithfully uphold the laws of Fernão to the best of my abilities, that I will protect the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Fernão, and that I shall consider it my utmost solemn duty to protect the sovereignty and democracy of Fernão.”’

Sponsor - Sushila Fonseca

[The New World Oceania]

Sponsor Sarian's 8, 9, 10, and 13th amendments.

[Argentarino]

I sponsor all of Sarian's amendments.

Including the one concerning barring incarcerated folks from voting? Surely you're for voting righta...

[House of Judah]

I sponsor all of Sarian's amendments.

Including the one concerning barring incarcerated folks from voting? Surely you're for voting righta...

I want the debate. I want us to discuss it. I want the process. We can look at the final results we produce once we've produced them but first lets have a real process.

[House of Judah]

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Amendment 8

Sponsor: David Lyons (House of Judah|RGA)
Co-Sponsors: Priscilla Krishnan (The Sarian|CU)

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Article CIII.2 is removed in its entirety.

This restores the ability of the courts to formulate legal precedents.

[FreYhill]

Please note that I will only be taking sponsors, if you disagree with my amendments save your arguments for the chamber.

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Amendment VIII (On Voting Eligibility)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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Chapter Two (i), Section Two, Article Nine, Clause One shall be amended to read:

“All Farnãoese citizens at or above the age of sixteen (16) on Election Day shall have the right to cast a secret ballot for all elections and referenda, irrespective of race, ethnicity, colour, sexuality, gender identity, age, caste, class, culture, criminal record, tribe, region, creed, wealth, literacy, function, physical disability, sex or ethnic or national background

Incarnated citizens may no longer vote

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Amendment IX (On the Right of Protestors)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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Chapter Two (i), Section Six, Article Fifteen, Clause Two shall be amended to read:

“This right of peaceful assembly may not be abridged by either the government or private organisations by regulating the time, manner or content of said peaceful assembly

You can no longer trespass in the name of peaceful assembly

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Amendment X (On Electoral Eligibility)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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i. Chapter Two (ii), Section One, Article Thirty Eight, Clause One shall be removed;

ii. Chapter Two (ii), Section One, Article Thirty Eight, Clause Three shall be removed;

iii. Chapter Three, Section One, Article Sixty Six shall be removed

Removes restrictions on candidate eligibility, making the people the sovereign decider on eligibility for office

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Amendment XI (On the Vice President)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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i. Chapter Two (ii), Section Three is renamed, “The Vice President”;

ii. All instances of “Vice Presidents” and variations thereof referring to multiple Vice Presidents shall be removed and replaced with “Vice President”;

iii. All instances of “First Vice President” shall be removed and replaced with “Vice President”;

iv. Chapter Two (ii), Section Three, Article Fifty Four shall be amended to read:

“The Vice President shall ascend to the Presidency in the event of the removal, resignation, death or any other instance where the Presidency becomes vacant”

Removes the Second Vice President

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Amendment XII (On the Cabinet Deeming the President Unfit)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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Chapter Two (ii), Section Three, Article Fifty Five shall be amended to read:

“The Vice President may become Acting President in the event of presidential impeachment, any event where the President is deemed incapable to serve by a two third majority vote of the cabinet or when the President signs over presidential powers to the Vice President for a specific amount of time.”

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Amendment XIII (On Candidate Residency)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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Chapter Three, Section One, Article Sixty Six, Clause Two shall be amended to read:

“Senators must be a member of their electorate at the time of their election”

Reinforces the principle of the people as the ultimate judge, removes vulnerability of someone becoming ineligible due to boundary changes.

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Amendment XIV (On the President of the Senate’s Term)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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Chapter Three, Section Three, Article Eighty Two shall be amended to read:

“The President of the Senate shall serve for a Parliamentary term and until their successor is chosen; nothing in this article shall prohibit the premature removal of a President of the Senate by the rules of the Senate and other legislation”

Stops removing the President of the Senate prematurely being unconstitutional.

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Amendment XV (On Impeachment)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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i. Chapter Three, Section Five, Article Ninety Two shall be amended to read:

“If impeached, the Senate may try the President and by a three quarter majority vote to convict the President on impeachment charges, removing the President from office in place of the Vice President

ii. Chapter Three, Section Five, Article Ninety Four shall be amended to read:

“Should the Senate choose not to vote and convict the President, the impeachment shall remain in effect for up to seven (7) days at which time the Senate may vote to convict and remove the President, or allow the impeachment to elapse

Increases the votes needed for removal; stops the Senate from being able to impeach the President for a quarter of their term when there is no chance of conviction.

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Amendment XVI (On Elections)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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i. Chapter Six, Section One, Article One Hundred and Twenty One, Clause One, Subclause A shall be amended to read:

“One ballot shall be for a geographical constituency as decided on by the Parliamentary Boundaries Commission, which shall use the Instant Runoff method of counting votes”;

ii. Chapter Six, Section Two, Article One Hundred and Twenty Six, Clause One shall be amended to read:

“The President shall be elected through Instant Runoff Voting”;

iii. Chapter Six, Section Two, Article One Hundred and Twenty Six, Clause Two shall be amended to read:

“Voting shall last three days, with a two day period before to allow registration of presidential tickets”

iv. Chapter Six, Section Two, Article One Hundred and Twenty Six, Clause Four shall be removed.

v. Chapter Six, Section Two, Article One Hundred and Twenty Six, Clause Five shall be amended to:

“When Presidential and Senate elections coincide, voting shall occur at the same time”

Standardises method for counting votes as Instant Runoff (Alternative) Voting

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Amendment XVII (On Write In Candidates)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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Chapter Six, Section Two, Article One Hundred and Twenty Six, Clause Six shall be removed.

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Amendment XVIII (On Amending the Constitution)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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i. Chapter Seven, Section One, Article One Hundred and Thirty One, Clause One shall be amended to read:

“In order for a constitutional amendment to pass, it must achieve a three fifths majority of all senators voting, not including abstentions, unless otherwise specified”

ii. Chapter Seven, Section Two, Article One Hundred and Thirty Three shall be removed.

iii. Chapter Seven, Section Two, Article One Hundred and Thirty Two, Clause One shall be amended to read:

“All articles in Chapters One and Two, may not be modified without a three-fourths majority of all senators voting, not including abstentions.

Removes unmodifiable articles and makes abstentions no longer count as no votes.

Sponsor all. Emanuel Carvallo (Civic Union)

[Denieria]

Please note that I will only be taking sponsors, if you disagree with my amendments save your arguments for the chamber.

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Amendment VIII (On Voting Eligibility)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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Chapter Two (i), Section Two, Article Nine, Clause One shall be amended to read:

“All Farnãoese citizens at or above the age of sixteen (16) on Election Day shall have the right to cast a secret ballot for all elections and referenda, irrespective of race, ethnicity, colour, sexuality, gender identity, age, caste, class, culture, criminal record, tribe, region, creed, wealth, literacy, function, physical disability, sex or ethnic or national background

Incarnated citizens may no longer vote

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Amendment IX (On the Right of Protestors)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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Chapter Two (i), Section Six, Article Fifteen, Clause Two shall be amended to read:

“This right of peaceful assembly may not be abridged by either the government or private organisations by regulating the time, manner or content of said peaceful assembly

You can no longer trespass in the name of peaceful assembly

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Amendment X (On Electoral Eligibility)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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i. Chapter Two (ii), Section One, Article Thirty Eight, Clause One shall be removed;

ii. Chapter Two (ii), Section One, Article Thirty Eight, Clause Three shall be removed;

iii. Chapter Three, Section One, Article Sixty Six shall be removed

Removes restrictions on candidate eligibility, making the people the sovereign decider on eligibility for office

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Amendment XI (On the Vice President)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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i. Chapter Two (ii), Section Three is renamed, “The Vice President”;

ii. All instances of “Vice Presidents” and variations thereof referring to multiple Vice Presidents shall be removed and replaced with “Vice President”;

iii. All instances of “First Vice President” shall be removed and replaced with “Vice President”;

iv. Chapter Two (ii), Section Three, Article Fifty Four shall be amended to read:

“The Vice President shall ascend to the Presidency in the event of the removal, resignation, death or any other instance where the Presidency becomes vacant”

Removes the Second Vice President

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Amendment XII (On the Cabinet Deeming the President Unfit)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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Chapter Two (ii), Section Three, Article Fifty Five shall be amended to read:

“The Vice President may become Acting President in the event of presidential impeachment, any event where the President is deemed incapable to serve by a two third majority vote of the cabinet or when the President signs over presidential powers to the Vice President for a specific amount of time.”

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Amendment XIII (On Candidate Residency)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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Chapter Three, Section One, Article Sixty Six, Clause Two shall be amended to read:

“Senators must be a member of their electorate at the time of their election”

Reinforces the principle of the people as the ultimate judge, removes vulnerability of someone becoming ineligible due to boundary changes.

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Amendment XIV (On the President of the Senate’s Term)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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Chapter Three, Section Three, Article Eighty Two shall be amended to read:

“The President of the Senate shall serve for a Parliamentary term and until their successor is chosen; nothing in this article shall prohibit the premature removal of a President of the Senate by the rules of the Senate and other legislation”

Stops removing the President of the Senate prematurely being unconstitutional.

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Amendment XV (On Impeachment)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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i. Chapter Three, Section Five, Article Ninety Two shall be amended to read:

“If impeached, the Senate may try the President and by a three quarter majority vote to convict the President on impeachment charges, removing the President from office in place of the Vice President

ii. Chapter Three, Section Five, Article Ninety Four shall be amended to read:

“Should the Senate choose not to vote and convict the President, the impeachment shall remain in effect for up to seven (7) days at which time the Senate may vote to convict and remove the President, or allow the impeachment to elapse

Increases the votes needed for removal; stops the Senate from being able to impeach the President for a quarter of their term when there is no chance of conviction.

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Amendment XVI (On Elections)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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i. Chapter Six, Section One, Article One Hundred and Twenty One, Clause One, Subclause A shall be amended to read:

“One ballot shall be for a geographical constituency as decided on by the Parliamentary Boundaries Commission, which shall use the Instant Runoff method of counting votes”;

ii. Chapter Six, Section Two, Article One Hundred and Twenty Six, Clause One shall be amended to read:

“The President shall be elected through Instant Runoff Voting”;

iii. Chapter Six, Section Two, Article One Hundred and Twenty Six, Clause Two shall be amended to read:

“Voting shall last three days, with a two day period before to allow registration of presidential tickets”

iv. Chapter Six, Section Two, Article One Hundred and Twenty Six, Clause Four shall be removed.

v. Chapter Six, Section Two, Article One Hundred and Twenty Six, Clause Five shall be amended to:

“When Presidential and Senate elections coincide, voting shall occur at the same time”

Standardises method for counting votes as Instant Runoff (Alternative) Voting

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Amendment XVII (On Write In Candidates)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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Chapter Six, Section Two, Article One Hundred and Twenty Six, Clause Six shall be removed.

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Amendment XVIII (On Amending the Constitution)

Proposer: Priscilla Krishnan
Sponsors:

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i. Chapter Seven, Section One, Article One Hundred and Thirty One, Clause One shall be amended to read:

“In order for a constitutional amendment to pass, it must achieve a three fifths majority of all senators voting, not including abstentions, unless otherwise specified”

ii. Chapter Seven, Section Two, Article One Hundred and Thirty Three shall be removed.

iii. Chapter Seven, Section Two, Article One Hundred and Thirty Two, Clause One shall be amended to read:

“All articles in Chapters One and Two, may not be modified without a three-fourths majority of all senators voting, not including abstentions.

Removes unmodifiable articles and makes abstentions no longer count as no votes.

Senator Johnson would like to sponsor these amendments

[Maklohi Vai]

Please do not quote massive posts if you're only responding with one line.

[Soviet Canuckistan]

Perhaps my only suggestion with the Education bill would be to make economics compulsory for senior-level students in secondary education.

Why exactly?

[The Kolam Brotherhood]

I sponsor the Sarian's Amendment XV

[Oneracon]

I sponsor all of Sarian's amendments except for Amendment VIII

[Transoxthraxia]

Perhaps my only suggestion with the Education bill would be to make economics compulsory for senior-level students in secondary education.

Why exactly?

Economics is a fundamental and necessary knowledge for all people to learn, even in a remedial fashion. It also assists in understanding various economic terms and concepts on both sides of the spectrum when voting time comes around.

[Transoxthraxia]

Dr. Mishra sponsors all of the proposed changes to the constitution as put forward by Priscilla Krishnan.

[Arachaea]

I sponsor Sarian's amendments apart from the first one (VIII).

[Eredion]

Luen Veas sponsors all the amendmends.

[District of Estoria]

Why exactly?

Economics is a fundamental and necessary knowledge for all people to learn, even in a remedial fashion. It also assists in understanding various economic terms and concepts on both sides of the spectrum when voting time comes around.

Senator Pereira walks over with a grin on his face and a mocha in his hand. The bittersweet smell of a freshly put out cigar lingers behind.

"I'm gonna' have to agree with you on that. It's important to learn the economic ball game. Especially where we're headed... There's a world of growth and opportunity for these brats to tap into. But if they never learn the game..."

He shrugs before taking a seat.

"I didn't mean to interrupt. Please..."

He waves a hand.

"Carry on."

[The New World Oceania]

Will take revisions and sponsors so we can stop operating on a goddamn skeleton government.

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A Constitution, For Fernão's Sake
Author: Mario Cerce (RGA)
Sponsors: L. A. Galhimar (LO) | Merizoc (LET) | Balochistan (HU) | Xelsis (FUP) | Peter Janzen (UA)
An act establishing the government, resembling a constitution.

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Article I: Principles

a. The parliament has supreme sovereignty.
b. The name of the state is the Republic of Fernão.
c. This constitution may be amended by a simple majority.
c. Every person has the freedom of speech, press, assembly and to be equally protected by the laws.
d. The parliament shall make laws.
e. The President shall execute laws.
f. The judiciary shall interpret laws and resolve disputes.
g. Any person born in Fernão or with parents of Fernãoese citizenship shall be a citizen of Fernão. The parliament may set guidelines for naturalization.

Article II: The Parliament

a. The parliament shall consist of the Senate, which shall pass laws.
b. With four sponsors and an author a bill may be considered.
c. The Senate shall have the power to set its own rules and select its own officers.
d. The Senate shall be the judge of the elections of its members.
d. Members of the Cabinet shall be members of the Senate.
e. The Senate shall exclusively have the power to declare war, to set the law, to ratify treaties, to approve the budget and to confirm judicial appointments.

Article III: The Executive

a. The President of Fernão shall serve as head of government and head of state. The President shall hold no other office in the government.
b. A Vice President, a member of the Cabinet, shall assist the President and serve as Acting President in their absence and President in their removal. The Vice President shall be President of the Senate.
c. The President shall be elected together in a nationwide election with universal suffrage for those over the age of 18.
d. The President shall appoint a Cabinet of members of the Senate to manage executive agencies and advise the President on policy.
e. The President shall serve as commander-in-chief, chief executive and chief diplomat. The President shall have the exclusive power to submit a budget and to appoint judges.
f. The President may return passed bills to the Senate. If passed again, the bills shall become law.
g. The President may be impeached by 3/5 the Senate, tried by the Senate, removed from office for misconduct or incompetence by 2/3 the Senate. The Cabinet may declare the President temporarily unfit, subject to a decision by the Senate.

Article IV: The Judiciary

a. A Supreme Court of Fernão shall resolve disputes between states, disputes within the parliament, disputes between branches of the federal government, and interpret laws.
b. The parliament may ordain lower courts as it sees fit.

Article V: The States

a. The borders of states shall be drawn by a commission appointed by the President according to natural geographical features, historical boundaries, and accommodating populations.
b. Senators shall be elected in each month on a statewide party-list ticket.
c. Each state shall have a unicameral Assembly, responsible for levying state taxes, establishing and managing hospitals, prisons and schools, and regulating commerce within their jurisdictions, marriage, property and civil rights.
d. Each state shall elect an executive Governor and Deputy Governor, who shall execute the laws of the state and serve for two months.
e. Assembly members shall be elected in constituencies drawn by a commission appointed by the Governor monthly.
f. States shall have the power to establish municipalities and local governments.

This one too.

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Resolution Establishing Senate Rules
Author: Mario Cerce (RGA)
Sponsors: Daniel Johnson (RGA) | Bob Shaw (NPP)
A resolution establishing standing rules for the Senate of Fernão.

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Rule I: The President

a. In the absence of a constitutional presiding officer, the Senate shall choose a President pro Tempore, who shall hold the office at the pleasure of the Senate.
b. The President of the Senate shall have the right to temporarily appoint a Senator to the chair for a period not exceeding one week.
c. The President shall preserve order and decorum and may direct the Sergeant-at-Arms to assist to this end.
d. The President shall decide all questions of order, subject to appeal by a Senator.
e. The President shall employ all officers and employees of the Senate and the Senate Complex. The President shall have control over the Senate Complex and may issue orders pursuant to this clause.
f. The President shall draft special rules for the Senate's consideration.

Rule II: Weekend Business

a. Beginning every weekend, the President shall lay before the Senate correspondence from other government entities, reports of ad-hoc committees, and petitions and memorials. Then the President shall open voting on:

i) bills scheduled under a special rule,
ii) motions to suspend the rules and pass,
iii) bills on which the Senate has moved to proceed,
iv) pending amendments to the Constitution,
v) unanimous consent requests, and
vi) resolutions over, under the rule.

b. During weekend business, no debate shall be in order.
c. Voting shall last 48 hours. At the conclusion of weekend business, the President shall announce the results of the votes.

Rule III: Motions

a. When a question is being debated, only the following secondary motions may be entertained, with seconds number a majority the votes cast (excluding abstentions) on the week's special rule, with the following precedence:

i) lay on or take from the table,

ii) to postpone,

iii) to refer, and

iv) to amend.

b. The privileged motions and questions of order, privilege, and inquiry shall be in order except during Weekend Business.
c. A motion to proceed on a bill shall be passed immediately with seconds numbering 3/5 the votes cast, excluding abstentions, on the week's special rule. When the motion to proceed is entered, debate shall begin. When the motion to proceed passes, debate shall last until the opening of the next period of weekend business, and the bill on which the Senate has moved to proceed may pass with a simple majority.
d. A motion to suspend the rules and pass a bill shall be in order in the two days preceding the opening of weekend business and shall require a vote of 2/3 to pass.
e. Unanimous consent requests are in order on the final day of each week, and without objection during the period of weekend business may be immediately adopted.
f. Amendments shall receive 24 hours of debate and 24 hours of voting, and must be proposed at least 48 hours before the beginning of weekend business. Amendments to special rule bills must adhere to the restrictions of the respective special rule. Amendments to bills on which it has been moved to proceed are in order from the passage of motion to proceed until the final vote on the measure. Amendments to bills for which it has been moved to suspend the rules and pass must be adopted by unanimous consent, and shall be considered during weekend business.
g. The President of the Senate shall draft a special rule each week, to be voted on during the weekend business preceding the week to which they apply, laying out the schedule for the week and the rules for amendments.
h. No bill shall be considered without four sponsors and authors, combined.
i. All other motions shall be ruled on by the President, subject to an appeal seconded by five members, put to vote during weekend business.

Rule IV: Decorum

a. Remarks directed specifically at another Senator which question that Senator's integrity, honesty, or character are not in order.
b. A Senator will be requested to withdraw offensive remarks, allegations, or accusations of impropriety directed toward another Senator.
c. The use of offensive, provocative or threatening language is strictly forbidden.
d. Personal attacks, insults, and obscenities are not in order.

Effective

a. No rule shall be construed to prohibit anything that, in the OOC opinion of the Admins, is common fucking sense.
b. These rules shall remain effective until amendment or repeal.

[MERIZoC]

Must we really have a Presidential system?

[The New World Oceania]

Must we really have a Presidential system?

We could vote on it. That would make fucking sense.

[Arkolon]

Change the title to something less expletive, the voting age to 18 and maybe replace the Vice President with a line of succession in the Cabinet and I'll sponsor.

[Lykens]

Just a pro tip, the constitution that was just withdrawn is not dead.

There were some discrepancies between what the final product was when I last saw it being submitted and how it hit the floor, so I'm just going to do a personal top down look at each individual line.

It will be done in a short period of time.

[Tectonix]

Labour Protection Act
Sponsor: Alexios Viel (RGA - Tectonix)
Co-Sponsors:

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An Act of the Senate to make provision for the establishment of the Office of Labour Safety, along with Labour and Workers' Rights, and all that entails.

BE IT THEREFORE ENACTED by the Head of the State, by and with the counsel of the Government, and the authority of the Senate by virtue of the powers placed upon it by the Law, as follows:

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§1 – Definitions:

1. Employee (interchangeable with Worker and Labourer)—any person whom is hired for a wage, salary, fee or payment to perform a type of service/work for an employer.
2. Employer— a person contractually bound to their worker - the employee(s) - to provide them with money in the form of wages or salaries, as an exchange for the ongoing work of the employee(s); the employer retains the right of directing the work and fundamental control over said work.
3. Workers' Compensation—an insurance agreement between an employer and employee, stating that if said employee is injured while performing work for the employer, the employer is obligated to provide wage replacement and medical benefits, with the employee relinquishing their right to sue their employer for any perceived tort of negligence.
4. Workplace—any location in which workers are performing work/task(s).
5. Primary Contractor (interchangeable with First-level Contractor)—a person who agrees to undertake to carry out all or part of a job for the benefit of the employer and themselves in the form of stipend from the employer.
6. Secondary Contractor (interchangeable with subcontractor)—a person who makes an agreement with a first level contractor by undertaking to carry out all or part of a job under the responsibility of the first level contractor for the benefit of the employer, and shall also mean a person who makes an agreement with a secondary contractor to undertake a sub-contracted job under the responsibility of the secondary contractory, regardless of how many stages of sub-contract there may be.
7. Employment Agreement—a written or verbal agreement which is clearly stated, where a person referred to as the employee agrees to do work for another person referred to as the employer, and the employer agrees to pay a wage throughout the period of work.
8. Workday—the amount of time in a day fixed for an employee to do normal work.
9. Workweek—the days of Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday, in which employees are to do normal work, unless otherwise stated in the Employment Agreement.
10. Holiday—a day fixed for an employee as a weekly holiday, a traditional holiday or an annual holiday.
11. Concessionary Absence—a day or number of days on which an employee takes: medical leave; leave for the purpose of essential business (which must be approved by the employer); leave for the purpose of military service; leave for the purpose of training or development of knowledge and competence; or maternity leave.
12. Wage—the amount of money which an employer and an employee agree on as stipend for completion of the work under the employment agreement for the normal working period, based on an hourly, daily, weekly, monthly or other period of time, or which is paid according to the amount of work achieved by the employee during the normal working hours of a working day, and shall also mean the amount of money which an emloyer pays to an employee on a holiday and a leave day on which the employee did not perform any work but for which the employee is entitled to receive payment under this Act.
13. Salary—a fixed amount in each pay period, with the total of these fixed payments over a full year summing to the amount of the salary. This person is considered to be an "exempt" employee. There is no linkage between the amount paid and the number of hours worked.
14. Minimum Wage—the hourly wage prescribed by the Employee Wages Board or EWB, a branch of the Office of Labour Safety (see §3).
15. Overtime—work on a working day or holiday, outside or in excess of the normal working hours or in excess of the number of working hours in each day agreed on between an employer and employee in the Employment Agreement, whichever the case may be.
16. Overtime Pay—the money which an employer pays to an employee as payment for overtime on a working day.
17. Compensation Payment—the money which an employer pays to an employee upon termination of employment over and above other categories of money which the employer has agreed to pay to the employee.
18. Labour Union—an organized consociation of workers formed to protect and further their rights and interests.
19. Labour Law—any legal law or legislation that pertains to anything related to the work life of a person.

§2 – Establishment of Workers' Rights:

1. All employers are to be legally liable for the continued welfare and health of their employee(s), unless otherwise specifically stated in an agreement of Workers' Compensation.
2. The workplace is to always be free of—
   1. Biological contaminants that can jeopardize the health of the worker(s), including but not explicitly: diseases, mold, parasites, waterborne illnesses, amoebae and disease-carrying insects and animals.
   2. Chemical contaminants that are not specifically labelled or previously-known-of in a comprehensible way, or were already present, including but not explicitly: flammable substances, exothermic-reacting and endothermic-reacting substances (to a degree that could pose a threat to the health and welfare of the worker(s)), ionizing radiation without adequate protection, toxic gases (ex: hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, etc.), asbestos and asbestos-like substances and corrosive substances.
   3. Environmental threats that can jeopardize the health of the worker(s), including but not explicitly: temperatures above 38 degrees Celsius and below -18 degrees Celsius (unless explicitly stated and agreed to in the Employment Agreement), natural disaster factors (ex: tornadoes, floods, forest fires, maelstroms, earthquakes, waterspouts, hurricanes, sandstorms) unless previously agreed to.
3. No employer shall be permitted to employ any person below the age of fifteen, effectively defined as Child Labour. Violation of this shall be listed as a federal crime punishable by ten years or more in prison.
4. No employer may be penalized in any way, shape or form by anyone else, including their employer and their associates, for joining, founding or in any way participating in a labour union.

§3 – The Office of Labour Safety and the Employee Wages Board:

1. The Office of Labour Safety is to be the governmental worker, workplace and workers' right authority for all of Fernão, charged with routinely inspecting workplaces through Inspection Officers, ensuring the adherence to labour laws and establishing a minimum wage, among other things.
2. The OLS is to be headed by a Director, appointed by the President and the advice and consent of the Senate, whom bears the responsibility to appoint a Deputy Director to assist in overseeing the Office, appointing any OLS department officers, approving the hiring of Inspection Officers and appointing the members of the Employee Wages Board.
3. The Employee Wages Board is to be a branch of the OLS, charged with setting a minimum wage for all employees. It is to be chaired by twelve people appointed by the OLS Director, and can legalize Minimum Wage Orders without the approval of the Senate. However, the Senate reserves the right to veto these MWOs through a simple majority.

Questions? Comments? Concerns?

[Arkolon]

Adapted from NWO's constitution, this Constitution is designed to face NWO's in an adversarial vote. This one proposes a Westminster-style government while NWO's proposes a presidential system.

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A Constitution for Fernão
Author: L. A. Galhimar (LO, Arkolon)
Sponsors: Jiang Shu (LET, Merizoc), Mario Cerce (RGA, The New World Oceania), (CAP, The Liberated Territories), (RGA, Arachaea) |
An act establishing the government, resembling a constitution.

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Article I: Principles

1. The parliament has supreme sovereignty.
2. The name of the state is the Republic of Fernão.
3. This constitution may be amended by a simple majority.
4. Every person has the freedom of speech, press, assembly and to be equally protected by the laws.
5. The legislature shall make laws.
6. The judiciary shall interpret laws and resolve disputes.
7. Any person born in Fernão or with parents of Fernãoese citizenship shall be a citizen of Fernão. The legislature may set guidelines for naturalization.

Article II: The Parliament

1. The legislature shall consist of the Parliament, which shall pass laws.
2. With four sponsors and an author a bill may be considered.
3. The Parliament shall have the power to set its own rules and select its own officers.
4. The Parliament shall be the judge of the elections of its members.
5. Elections to Parliament shall be held at least once a month or until Parliament is dissolved, whatever comes first.
6. Members of the Cabinet shall be members of the Parliament.
7. The Cabinet shall execute laws.
8. The Cabinet shall be headed by the Prime Minister, who will act as head of government. The Prime Minister shall have the exclusive power to submit budgets.
9. The President must hold the confidence of the Parliament. Votes of confidence can happen only once every two weeks.
10. The Parliament shall exclusively have the power to declare war, to set the law, to ratify treaties, to approve the budget and to confirm judicial appointments.

Article III: The Executive

1. The President of Fernão shall serve as head of state. The President shall hold no other office in the government.
2. The President shall be elected together in a nationwide election with universal suffrage for those over the age of 18 to serve a two-month term.
3. A Vice President shall be elected alongside the President on the same campaign ticket. The Vice President shall have the power to break ties in the Parliament and shall automatically ascend to the Office of the Presidency should the President die, be impeached, or be rendered otherwise incapable of fulfilling his duties.
4. The President shall serve as commander-in-chief, chief executive and chief diplomat. The President shall have the exclusive power to appoint judges.
5. The President shall have the power to veto legislation passed by the Parliament. The Parliament can override the veto of the President with a 2/3 majority.
6. The President may be impeached by 3/5 the Senate, tried by the Parliament, removed from office for misconduct or incompetence by 2/3 of the Parliament.

Article IV: The Judiciary

a. A Supreme Court of Fernão shall resolve disputes between states, disputes within the parliament, disputes between branches of the federal government, and interpret laws.
b. The parliament may ordain lower courts as it sees fit.

Article V: The States

1. The borders of states shall be drawn by a commission appointed by the President according to natural geographical features, historical boundaries, and accommodating populations.
2. Members of Parliament shall be elected in each month on a statewide party-list ticket.
3. Each state shall have a unicameral Assembly, responsible for levying state taxes, establishing and managing hospitals, prisons and schools, and regulating commerce within their jurisdictions, marriage, property and civil rights.
4. Each state shall elect an executive Governor and Deputy Governor, who shall execute the laws of the state and serve for two months.
5. Assembly members shall be elected in constituencies drawn by a commission appointed by the Governor monthly.
6. States shall have the power to establish municipalities and local governments.

Edit 1: Added veto power for the President and the ability for the Parliament to override said veto.
Edit 2: Added four sponsors. Ready to go to the depository, I believe.

[Malgrave]

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Amendment 7

Sponsor: David Lyons (House of Judah|RGA)
Co-Sponsors: Priscilla Krishnan (The Sarian|CU), David Bloom (Collatis|RGA), Sushila Fonseca (Argentarino|RGA)

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The text of Article XXXIX is amended to read ‘The Oath of Office to be taken before assuming office for the President shall be: “I, [name] do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the Office of the President and uphold the laws of Fernão to the best of my abilities, that I will protect the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Fernão, and that I shall consider it my utmost solemn duty to protect the sovereignty and democracy of Fernão.”’

The text of Article LVI is amended to read ‘The Vice Presidents shall take the following oath before taking office: “I, [name] do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the Office of the Vice President and uphold the laws of Fernão to the best of my abilities, that I will protect the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Fernão, and that I shall consider it my utmost solemn duty to protect the sovereignty and democracy of Fernão.”’

The text of Article LXVII is amended to read ‘Senators shall take the following oath before assuming office: “I, [name] do solemnly swear that I will faithfully uphold the laws of Fernão to the best of my abilities, that I will protect the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Fernão, and that I shall consider it my utmost solemn duty to protect the sovereignty and democracy of Fernão.”’

I'll sponsor this as well.