NSG Senate Chamber [NSG Senate] - Version 4

[McKleigh]

AYE

[Lamaredia]

After re-reading the bill a few times, I change my and Celratinnia's votes to NAY from AYE

[The Liberated Territories]

Aye!

[Zurkerx]

Aye.

[Great Nepal]

Nay on grounds that the bill is already covered by constitution or superseded by it.

[Darwinish Brentsylvania]

AYE

[Sibirsky]

AYE

[Unicario]

Nay

[Beta Test]

NAY

[Battlion]

Nay

[Kamchastkia]

NAY

[Britanno]

Nay, but. I applaud the author for sacrificing his bill in support of a stronger and better authored constitution.

[The Nihilistic view]

Nay, but. I applaud the author for sacrificing his bill in support of a stronger and better authored constitution.

Yes me too, I think much credit goes to him for writing most of that part of the constitution through his origional bill.

[Soviet Canuckistan]

I vote NAY.

[Republic of Coldwater]

I hereby vote AYE

[Phocidaea]

ABSTAIN.

[People Who Say Ni]

NAY

[Britcan]

NAY

[Malgrave]

Nay.

[Lemanrussland]

Nay.

[Macedonian Grand Empire]

Nay as it is already part of the constitution.

[The New World Oceania]

Nay.

[Skeckoa]

NAY given that this is already covered by the constitution.

[Ainin]

Table these please, Mr. President pro Tempore.

Air Safety Regulations Act
Author: Alexander Ainin, Minister of Transportation
SIMBEDS: Domestic Development | Urgency: Medium
Sponsors: Erich Malgrave [MSP], Boris Johnson [ALM], James Brit
Haelunor [RG], Emilia Nuckerberg [MWP], FreeOlesia, Alexei Stepashin [CP]

---

The Senate of the Aurentine Commonwealth,

Forenote
Section 4g of the Aerospace Safety Act is struck out and rendered null and void.
The Military Transportation Incident Investigation Bureau is abolished, and its duties transferred to the Civil Transportation Incident Investigation Bureau.
As such, the Offices of Investigation as a liaison agency is abolished.

Definitions
Aircraft is defined as a machine that is able to fly by gaining support from the air.
Non-regulated aircraft is defined as aircraft that is not prohibited, controlled or restricted (see article titled "Aircraft Restrictions").
Portable electronic device is defined as a series of electrical circuits that involve active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive interconnection technologies. Examples include cellular phones, portable computers and handheld calculators with a weight inferior or equal to 15 kilogrammes.
Non-portable electronic device is defined as a series of electrical circuits that involve active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive interconnection technologies. Examples include cellular phones, portable computers and handheld calculators with a weight superior to 15 kilogrammes.
Transmitting function is defined as the process of sending and propagating an analogue or digital information signal over a physical point-to-point or point-to-multipoint transmission medium. Examples include WiFi (IEEE 802.11), Near Field Communications (ISO/IEC 18092) and Bluetooth (IEEE 802.15.1).
Airliner is defined as a fixed-wing aircraft as an intended for carrying multiple passengers or cargo in commercial service.
Takeoff is defined as the period of time between the aircraft starting to move on the ground of the aerodrome and the moment it levels off in the air.
Landing is defined as the period of time between the aircraft's airspeed and rate of descent are reduced in order to bring it to touchdown on the ground and the moment it enters the airport apron.
Boarding is defined as the period of time between all the non-absent passengers being seated onboard an airliner and takeoff.
Airport apron is defined as the area of an aerodrome where aircraft are parked, unloaded or loaded, refuelled, or boarded.
Turbulence is defined as the turbulent movement of air masses causing shaking in an airliner for the sole purpose of this act.
Air traffic control is defined as the Civil Aviation Authority-licenced service provided by ground-based controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and through controlled airspace, and/or provide advisory services to aircraft in non-controlled airspace.
Checked luggage is defined as items of luggage stored on airliners in a fashion which makes it inaccessible to passengers onboard.
Hand luggage is defined as items of luggage stored on airliners in a fashion which makes it accessible to passengers onboard.
Airplane mode is defined as a state in which an electronic device emits no signals with the power to disrupt flight, with said powers being WiFi (IEEE 802.11), Near Field Communications (ISO/IEC 18092) and Bluetooth (IEEE 802.15.1), amongst others.

Licencing

Pilots
Pilots must have a licence granted by the Civil Aviation Authority, or one granted by another civil aviation authority of a International Civil Aviation Organization member-state, Vatican City (the Holy See), Dominica, Liechtenstein, Tuvalu, the Republic of China on Taiwan, Kosovo or the Palestinian Territories, to fly aircraft in Aurentine airspace.
Pilots are not permitted to fly aircraft that their licence does not grant them the right to operate.
To be granted a licence, a student-pilot must pass certain requirements to be determined by the Civil Aviation Authority.
This act mandates the Civil Aviation Authority to create the test and requirements for the granting of a licence based on international standards.
A person must be a minimum of 16 years of age on the date of the final exam to be granted a Class G, Class S or Class P licence.
A person must be a minimum of 18 years of age on the date of the final exam to be granted all other licences.
A person must have obtained a Class S in the past and be a current bearer of a Class P licence to initially qualify for any other licence.
A person must be a current bearer of any licence save for G, P and S to qualify for T or X-class licenses.
The licenses are as follow:

• Class A - Operation of recreational and personal single- and double-seater subsonic non-regulated aircraft with one or two engines and a length inferior to 20m. Must be renewed every 28 months.
• Class A(C) - Operation of commercial or organisational single- and double-seater subsonic non-regulated aircraft with one or two engines and a length inferior to 20m. Must be renewed every 2 years.
• Class B - Operation of recreational and personal subsonic non-regulated aircraft with one or two engines and a length inferior to 40m but superior to 20m, or with three or more seats but a length inferior to 20m. May carry passengers, but not for profit. Must be renewed every 28 months.
• Class B(C) - Operation of commercial or organisational subsonic non-regulated aircraft with one or two engines and a length inferior to 40m but superior to 20m, or with three or more seats but a length inferior to 20m. Must be renewed every 2 years.
• Class C - Operation of subsonic non-regulated aircraft with a length superior to 40m but inferior to 100m, or with a length inferior tom40m but with three or more engines. Must be renewed every 2 years.
• Class D(Ca) - Operation of subsonic non-regulated aircraft with a length superior to 100m primarily designed for carrying cargo. Must be renewed every 18 months
• Class D(P) - Operation of subsonic non-regulated aircraft with a length superior to 100m primarily designed for carrying passengers. Must be renewed every 18 months.
• Class E - Operation of military aircraft. Subclasses may be established at the discretion of the Commonwealth Air Force. Renewal to be at the discretion of the CAF.
• Class G - Operation of gliders that do not employ mechanically-generated energy. Must be renewed every year if below the age of 18, or every 3 years if over.
• Class P - Probationary operation for the purpose of aeronautic education of small single- or double-seater subsonic non-regulated aircraft with one or two engines and a length inferior to 20m. Must be a bearer of a Class S licence. Expires after 6 months, no extensions are allowed.
• Class S - Student operator. Must be in a trainer aircraft and with another licenced (excluding Class G, P or A) pilot that can easily access controls. Must be renewed every 4 months.
• Class T - Test pilot. Shall be granted to extremely experienced pilots only for the sole purpose of testing aircraft or flying damaged aircraft from a location to another for maintenance reasons. Exempt from the Control, Restricted and Prohibition Lists, but must alert the CTIIB a minimum of 2 hours prior to all takeoffs in restricted or prohibited aircraft. Must be renewed every 6 months, and be signed by its employer.
• Class X1 - Operation of aircraft on the Aurentine Airspace Control List for personal, recreational, demonstrational or touristic purposes. Must be renewed every year.
• Class X2 - Operation of aircraft on the Aurentine Airspace Restricted List for personal, recreational, demonstrational or touristic purposes. Must be renewed every year, and the CTIIB must be informed two hours prior to all takeoffs in the Aurentine Commonwealth.
• Class Z(MT) - Rare and temporary authorisation for operating an aircraft on the Prohibited List granted by the Minister of Transportation for demonstration purposes in a controlled environment close to emergency services and with a CTIIB inspector on-site. Expires automatically 2 weeks after granted, and cannot be renewed.

Aircraft
All aircraft in operation in the Aurentine Commonwealth that are not actively registered with another civil aviation authority of a International Civil Aviation Organization member-state, Vatican City (the Holy See), Dominica, Liechtenstein, Tuvalu, the Republic of China on Taiwan, Kosovo or the Palestinian Territories shall be registered with the Civil Aviation Authority or be deemed illegal.
All aircraft registered in the Commonwealth of Aurentina shall be assigned a six letter code, in the style of AN-00AA, 00AA being a placeholder for the assigned unique alphanumerical key.

Airports
An unrecognised and improperly-accredited airport is known as an aerodrome.
Class A airports must be registered with the Civil Aviation Authority, be on land and have both IATA and ICAO, and will be granted a domestic CAA code along the lines of AN-A-000, 000 being a placeholder for a numerical key.
Class B airports must be registered with the Civil Aviation Authority, be on land and have an IATA code, and will be granted a domestic CAA code along the lines of AN-B-000, 000 being a placeholder for a numerical key.
Class C airports must be registered with the Civil Aviation Authority and be on land, and be granted a domestic CAA code along the lines of AN-C-000, 000 being a placeholder for a numerical key.

The "Universal Aerodrome" Exemption
In the case an aircraft enters a state of emergency and is forced to perform an emergency landing, the entire land and maritime territory of the Aurentine Commonwealth (except areas restricted based on national defence or security reasons) is to be considered an aerodrome.
As such, pilots that perform an unauthorised emergency landing on private property may not be prosecuted for trespassing or breaking and entering, but may be prosecuted on other charges or be faced with civil litigation if they cause bodily or property damage.

Air Traffic Control
All air traffic controllers in the Aurentine Commonwealth must be certified for the task by the Civil Aviation Authority and have passed the proper tests under ICAO rules and regulations on the matter.
All air traffic controllers must speak fluid and clear English.
Air traffic controllers must retire at the age of 60 at the very maximum.
Air traffic controllers shall not work for more than 2 hours without a 30-minute break, unless an emergency situation (such as an EZN declaration or a lack of replacement) warrants it.

On Portable Electronic Devices

With Transmitting Function
The usage of portable electronic devices with transmitting functions is prohibited during takeoff, landing, and, if the commanding officer onboard the aircraft deems it necessary, at any other time at his or her discretion.
The usage of "airplane mode" during takeoff and landing is authorised, unless told otherwise by the airline or flight crew.
Airlines may implement stricter, but not laxer, regulations on this subject.
Airlines are mandated to clearly and loudly announce this regulation to all passengers onboard, whether through a live or prerecorded announcement. Failure to do so is Endangering Aerospace Safety, a contravention.

Without Transmitting Function
The usage of portable electronic devices without transmitting functions is prohibited during takeoff and landing at airports lacking air traffic control and, if the commanding officer onboard the aircraft deems it necessary, at any other time at his or her discretion.
Airlines may implement stricter, but not laxer, regulations on this subject.

Final Note
Non-portable electronic devices are prohibited onboard airliners, unless if it is in checked luggage.

On Seatbelts
The pilot and, if applicable, co-pilot, must wear CAA-approved seatbelts at all times while the aircraft is in motion.
All passengers and other staff must wear CAA-approved seatbelts during takeoff, landing and major turbulence (the latter to be determined by the pilot).
Failure to do either is Endangering Aerospace Safety, a contravention.

Emergency Zero Navigation (EZN) Declaration
In the case of a situation in which one could perceive within reasonable doubt that an imminent and grave danger to civilian populations or national security would be posed if civil aviation was to be allowed to continue operation, the Minister of Transportation, Chief of Staff of the Commonwealth Air Force or President of the Aurentine Commonwealth may issue an Emergency Zero Navigation (EZN) for one, several or all of the flight information regions.
If an EZN order is declared for a flight information region, all aircraft currently in it must be landed in the shortest safe timeframe by air traffic control, and aircraft heading to the area must be diverted.
In the case of a nationwide EZN, aircraft less than halfway on a non-stop route to Aurentina must turn back, or, if incapable, diverted to a neighbouring country.

Flight Information Regions
This bill mandates the Minister of Transportation to split Aurentina into four flight information regions, one of which should roughly correspond to the National Capital Region.

Air Defence Identification Zone
The Leishaagen Air Defence Identification Zone (ADIZ) is hereby established, as the 20km radius surrounding the Government District (defined as the 1km radius around the Senate Building).
All civil aircraft seeking to enter the Leishaagen ADIZ must identify their intentions to air traffic control as soon as they enter the National Capital Region's Flight Information Region, or face interception.
All civil aircraft entering the National Capital Region's Flight Information Region must state their intentions to air traffic control promptly.
The 5km diameter surrounding the Government District is declared prohibited airspace for civil aircraft.

On British Aurentina
The 2km radius around the British Overseas Territory in Southern Aurentina is transferred to the control of its Flight Information Region.

Prohibited Items
The following items are prohibited onboard all airliners for all individuals except on-duty Gendarmes, and possessing them onboard or attempting to smuggle them onboard is a felony.

• All items controlled by the Improved Firearms Safety and Licencing Act and the Firearms Licensing and Reasonable Restrictions Act.
• All explosive devices, including but not limited to TNT, Molotov cocktails, grenades, smoke bombs and firecrackers.
• All Class A, B and X drugs as per the Sale of Harmful Substances Act.
• Unauthorised distribution of top secret or strictly confidential files as classified under the Responsible Government Act.

The following items are prohibited onboard all airliners for all individuals except on-duty Gendarmes, and detected items will be confiscated. Live animals confiscated by security personnel shall be transferred to the control of local animal control in a timely manner, notwithstanding any public/animal health issues with the being that may arise.

• Containers of liquids with a volume superior to, not including, 500mL (on domestic flights) and 100mL (on international flights) - Exempt if purchased from a duty-free store at an airport after passing security checks at airports
• Class C drugs as per the Sale of Harmful Substances Act - Exempt if purchased from a duty-free store at an airport after passing security checks at airports
• Electroshock weapons (commonly known as "Tasers") and tools (such as concealed shock devices)
• Live animals, other than vaccinated household pets with a travel licence granted by the Ministry of the Environment, the Animal Protection Force or an Aurentine diplomatic mission, or wild animals being transported in secure cargo containers for commercial, medical or ecological purposes.
• Raw meat, unless placed inside crates that cannot be opened by a regular person without recourse to using extreme force (hitting at high speeds, kicking, etc.) or damaging with an object (smashing with a blunt object, forcing open with a crowbar, etc.)
• Specimen of vegetation deemed "invasive" or "dangerous to flora" by the Minister of the Environment.
• Lighters and matches

The following items are prohibited onboard all airliners, except in checked-in luggage or if purchased from a duty-free store at an airport after passing security checks at airports.

• Candles
• Tobacco
• Alcohol
• Pepper spray, or other similar products
• Hammers, baseball bats, hockey sticks, wrenches and other blunt objects (at the discretion of the on-duty customs agent)

The Minister of Transportation may add more items to these prohibition lists with the unanimous support of members of the Council of Ministers that vote in the decision.Aircraft Restrictions

The Aurentine Airspace Control List

• Powered aircraft built prior to, not including, 1940 (all glider aircraft are exempt from this regulation)
• Powered aircraft designed prior to, not including, 1935 (all glider aircraft are exempt from this regulation)
• Aircraft lacking seatbelts for essential staff other than the pilot and/or co-pilot, such as the flight engineer on older aircraft
• Any aircraft capable of breaking the sound barrier in normal conditions
• Decommissioned fighters, bombers and attack helicopters

The Aurentine Airspace Restricted List

• Aircraft built between 1940 and 1960 (single- or double- seater powered aircraft, along with all glider aircraft, are exempt from this regulation)
• Aircraft designed between 1935 and 1950 (single- or double- seater powered aircraft, along with all glider aircraft, are exempt from this regulation)
• Any aircraft lacking seatbelts for passenger and/or non-essential staff (such as air stewards)
• Any aircraft equipped with a functional weapons bay
• Any aircraft capable of supercruising

The Aurentine Airspace Prohibition List

• Any aircraft lacking a radio capable of transmitting and receiving communications from air traffic control
• Any aircraft equipped with a functional weapon
• Airborne early warning and control aircraft
• Any aircraft lacking a seatbelt for the pilot and/or, if applicable, the co-pilot
• Any aircraft equipped with one or more devices capable of controlling the electromagnetic spectrum (electronic warfare)

Exemptions
To be able to operate in Aurentine airspace, a restricted aircraft's pilot must have a Class X1 or T licence with the Civil Aviation Authority.
To be able to operate in Aurentine airspace, a controlled aircraft's pilot must have a Class X2 or T licence with the Civil Aviation Authority and notify the Civil Transport Incident Investigation Bureau a minimum of 2 hours prior to each takeoff.
Pilots of aircraft operated by the Commonwealth Armed Forces and Aurentine National Gendarmerie are exempt from the Aurentine Airspace Control, Restricted and Prohibited Lists.
Operating a prohibited aircraft without being a member of the aforementioned organisations on official duty or having a T licence is operating an unsafe aircraft - aggravated, a felony.
Operating a restricted or controlled aircraft without appropriate permissions is operating an unsafe aircraft, a delict.
Aircraft operated by any non-military service of the Government of Aurentina are exempt from the Aurentine Airspace Prohibition List. However, such aircraft will be considered part of the Restricted List and must be registered with the CAA and CTIIB (see above clause).

Fifth Amendment to the International Law Act
The Senate of the Aurentine Commonwealth hereby ratifies:

• Annexes 1-19 of the Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation

First Amendment to the Transport Safety Act
Event data recorders must record, as a minimum, the 30 minutes prior to a vehicle- or power-disabling crash. Failing to do so is a delict for the company or other person that owns the vehicle.

Crimes Against Humanity Act II
“Justice for crimes against humanity must have no limitations.”
― Simon Wiesenthal
A First Amendment to the Constitution of the Aurentine Commonwealth
Author: Ainin [NDP] | SIMBEDS: Order | Urgency: Medium
Sponsors: Malgrave [MSP], Yanalia, New Zepuha [MWP], FreeOlesia
Central and Eastern Visayas, Osea 767 [CP], Britanno

---

The Senate of the Aurentine Commonwealth,

Whereas crimes committed towards the goal of the elimination of a group of persons is reprehensible and has no place in modern society,

Whereas such crimes are violations of the principles of the established international community,

Whereas persons who commit such crimes mustn't be allowed to escape justice by fleeing to nations where they have not committed crimes,

Whereas the Crimes Against Humanity Act provided a mechanism to bring such criminals to justice,

Whereas said act has become unenforceable due to the passage of the Charter of Rights in the Constitution,

Whereas an inherent contradiction in the Constitution exists due to the Aurentine Commonwealth's late ratification of the Rome Statute contrasted to the Constitution's mandate to follow international law and its ban of ex post facto prosecution,

Hereby enacts the following statute:

Section 4 of the Article of the Charter of Rights named "Rights regarding justice" reading

4. No person shall be punished for an act which was not punishable by law when the act was committed, and no person shall be subjected to a punishment greater than that prescribed by the law in force at the time of the offence.

is struck out and rendered null and void. It shall be replaced with

4. No person shall be punished for an act which was not punishable by law when the act was committed, and no person shall be subjected to a punishment greater than that prescribed by the law in force at the time of the offence, unless the act was recognised as criminal amongst the general community of nations through statutory international law ratified by the British administration in Aurentina prior to independence at the time it was committed.

[President Pro-Tempore of the Senate]

Table these please, Mr. President pro Tempore.

Air Safety Regulations Act
Author: Alexander Ainin, Minister of Transportation
SIMBEDS: Domestic Development | Urgency: Medium
Sponsors: Erich Malgrave [MSP], Boris Johnson [ALM], James Brit
Haelunor [RG], Emilia Nuckerberg [MWP], FreeOlesia, Alexei Stepashin [CP]

---

The Senate of the Aurentine Commonwealth,

Forenote
Section 4g of the Aerospace Safety Act is struck out and rendered null and void.
The Military Transportation Incident Investigation Bureau is abolished, and its duties transferred to the Civil Transportation Incident Investigation Bureau.
As such, the Offices of Investigation as a liaison agency is abolished.

Definitions
Aircraft is defined as a machine that is able to fly by gaining support from the air.
Non-regulated aircraft is defined as aircraft that is not prohibited, controlled or restricted (see article titled "Aircraft Restrictions").
Portable electronic device is defined as a series of electrical circuits that involve active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive interconnection technologies. Examples include cellular phones, portable computers and handheld calculators with a weight inferior or equal to 15 kilogrammes.
Non-portable electronic device is defined as a series of electrical circuits that involve active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive interconnection technologies. Examples include cellular phones, portable computers and handheld calculators with a weight superior to 15 kilogrammes.
Transmitting function is defined as the process of sending and propagating an analogue or digital information signal over a physical point-to-point or point-to-multipoint transmission medium. Examples include WiFi (IEEE 802.11), Near Field Communications (ISO/IEC 18092) and Bluetooth (IEEE 802.15.1).
Airliner is defined as a fixed-wing aircraft as an intended for carrying multiple passengers or cargo in commercial service.
Takeoff is defined as the period of time between the aircraft starting to move on the ground of the aerodrome and the moment it levels off in the air.
Landing is defined as the period of time between the aircraft's airspeed and rate of descent are reduced in order to bring it to touchdown on the ground and the moment it enters the airport apron.
Boarding is defined as the period of time between all the non-absent passengers being seated onboard an airliner and takeoff.
Airport apron is defined as the area of an aerodrome where aircraft are parked, unloaded or loaded, refuelled, or boarded.
Turbulence is defined as the turbulent movement of air masses causing shaking in an airliner for the sole purpose of this act.
Air traffic control is defined as the Civil Aviation Authority-licenced service provided by ground-based controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and through controlled airspace, and/or provide advisory services to aircraft in non-controlled airspace.
Checked luggage is defined as items of luggage stored on airliners in a fashion which makes it inaccessible to passengers onboard.
Hand luggage is defined as items of luggage stored on airliners in a fashion which makes it accessible to passengers onboard.
Airplane mode is defined as a state in which an electronic device emits no signals with the power to disrupt flight, with said powers being WiFi (IEEE 802.11), Near Field Communications (ISO/IEC 18092) and Bluetooth (IEEE 802.15.1), amongst others.

Licencing

Pilots
Pilots must have a licence granted by the Civil Aviation Authority, or one granted by another civil aviation authority of a International Civil Aviation Organization member-state, Vatican City (the Holy See), Dominica, Liechtenstein, Tuvalu, the Republic of China on Taiwan, Kosovo or the Palestinian Territories, to fly aircraft in Aurentine airspace.
Pilots are not permitted to fly aircraft that their licence does not grant them the right to operate.
To be granted a licence, a student-pilot must pass certain requirements to be determined by the Civil Aviation Authority.
This act mandates the Civil Aviation Authority to create the test and requirements for the granting of a licence based on international standards.
A person must be a minimum of 16 years of age on the date of the final exam to be granted a Class G, Class S or Class P licence.
A person must be a minimum of 18 years of age on the date of the final exam to be granted all other licences.
A person must have obtained a Class S in the past and be a current bearer of a Class P licence to initially qualify for any other licence.
A person must be a current bearer of any licence save for G, P and S to qualify for T or X-class licenses.
The licenses are as follow:

• Class A - Operation of recreational and personal single- and double-seater subsonic non-regulated aircraft with one or two engines and a length inferior to 20m. Must be renewed every 28 months.
• Class A(C) - Operation of commercial or organisational single- and double-seater subsonic non-regulated aircraft with one or two engines and a length inferior to 20m. Must be renewed every 2 years.
• Class B - Operation of recreational and personal subsonic non-regulated aircraft with one or two engines and a length inferior to 40m but superior to 20m, or with three or more seats but a length inferior to 20m. May carry passengers, but not for profit. Must be renewed every 28 months.
• Class B(C) - Operation of commercial or organisational subsonic non-regulated aircraft with one or two engines and a length inferior to 40m but superior to 20m, or with three or more seats but a length inferior to 20m. Must be renewed every 2 years.
• Class C - Operation of subsonic non-regulated aircraft with a length superior to 40m but inferior to 100m, or with a length inferior tom40m but with three or more engines. Must be renewed every 2 years.
• Class D(Ca) - Operation of subsonic non-regulated aircraft with a length superior to 100m primarily designed for carrying cargo. Must be renewed every 18 months
• Class D(P) - Operation of subsonic non-regulated aircraft with a length superior to 100m primarily designed for carrying passengers. Must be renewed every 18 months.
• Class E - Operation of military aircraft. Subclasses may be established at the discretion of the Commonwealth Air Force. Renewal to be at the discretion of the CAF.
• Class G - Operation of gliders that do not employ mechanically-generated energy. Must be renewed every year if below the age of 18, or every 3 years if over.
• Class P - Probationary operation for the purpose of aeronautic education of small single- or double-seater subsonic non-regulated aircraft with one or two engines and a length inferior to 20m. Must be a bearer of a Class S licence. Expires after 6 months, no extensions are allowed.
• Class S - Student operator. Must be in a trainer aircraft and with another licenced (excluding Class G, P or A) pilot that can easily access controls. Must be renewed every 4 months.
• Class T - Test pilot. Shall be granted to extremely experienced pilots only for the sole purpose of testing aircraft or flying damaged aircraft from a location to another for maintenance reasons. Exempt from the Control, Restricted and Prohibition Lists, but must alert the CTIIB a minimum of 2 hours prior to all takeoffs in restricted or prohibited aircraft. Must be renewed every 6 months, and be signed by its employer.
• Class X1 - Operation of aircraft on the Aurentine Airspace Control List for personal, recreational, demonstrational or touristic purposes. Must be renewed every year.
• Class X2 - Operation of aircraft on the Aurentine Airspace Restricted List for personal, recreational, demonstrational or touristic purposes. Must be renewed every year, and the CTIIB must be informed two hours prior to all takeoffs in the Aurentine Commonwealth.
• Class Z(MT) - Rare and temporary authorisation for operating an aircraft on the Prohibited List granted by the Minister of Transportation for demonstration purposes in a controlled environment close to emergency services and with a CTIIB inspector on-site. Expires automatically 2 weeks after granted, and cannot be renewed.

Aircraft
All aircraft in operation in the Aurentine Commonwealth that are not actively registered with another civil aviation authority of a International Civil Aviation Organization member-state, Vatican City (the Holy See), Dominica, Liechtenstein, Tuvalu, the Republic of China on Taiwan, Kosovo or the Palestinian Territories shall be registered with the Civil Aviation Authority or be deemed illegal.
All aircraft registered in the Commonwealth of Aurentina shall be assigned a six letter code, in the style of AN-00AA, 00AA being a placeholder for the assigned unique alphanumerical key.

Airports
An unrecognised and improperly-accredited airport is known as an aerodrome.
Class A airports must be registered with the Civil Aviation Authority, be on land and have both IATA and ICAO, and will be granted a domestic CAA code along the lines of AN-A-000, 000 being a placeholder for a numerical key.
Class B airports must be registered with the Civil Aviation Authority, be on land and have an IATA code, and will be granted a domestic CAA code along the lines of AN-B-000, 000 being a placeholder for a numerical key.
Class C airports must be registered with the Civil Aviation Authority and be on land, and be granted a domestic CAA code along the lines of AN-C-000, 000 being a placeholder for a numerical key.

The "Universal Aerodrome" Exemption
In the case an aircraft enters a state of emergency and is forced to perform an emergency landing, the entire land and maritime territory of the Aurentine Commonwealth (except areas restricted based on national defence or security reasons) is to be considered an aerodrome.
As such, pilots that perform an unauthorised emergency landing on private property may not be prosecuted for trespassing or breaking and entering, but may be prosecuted on other charges or be faced with civil litigation if they cause bodily or property damage.

Air Traffic Control
All air traffic controllers in the Aurentine Commonwealth must be certified for the task by the Civil Aviation Authority and have passed the proper tests under ICAO rules and regulations on the matter.
All air traffic controllers must speak fluid and clear English.
Air traffic controllers must retire at the age of 60 at the very maximum.
Air traffic controllers shall not work for more than 2 hours without a 30-minute break, unless an emergency situation (such as an EZN declaration or a lack of replacement) warrants it.

On Portable Electronic Devices

With Transmitting Function
The usage of portable electronic devices with transmitting functions is prohibited during takeoff, landing, and, if the commanding officer onboard the aircraft deems it necessary, at any other time at his or her discretion.
The usage of "airplane mode" during takeoff and landing is authorised, unless told otherwise by the airline or flight crew.
Airlines may implement stricter, but not laxer, regulations on this subject.
Airlines are mandated to clearly and loudly announce this regulation to all passengers onboard, whether through a live or prerecorded announcement. Failure to do so is Endangering Aerospace Safety, a contravention.

Without Transmitting Function
The usage of portable electronic devices without transmitting functions is prohibited during takeoff and landing at airports lacking air traffic control and, if the commanding officer onboard the aircraft deems it necessary, at any other time at his or her discretion.
Airlines may implement stricter, but not laxer, regulations on this subject.

Final Note
Non-portable electronic devices are prohibited onboard airliners, unless if it is in checked luggage.

On Seatbelts
The pilot and, if applicable, co-pilot, must wear CAA-approved seatbelts at all times while the aircraft is in motion.
All passengers and other staff must wear CAA-approved seatbelts during takeoff, landing and major turbulence (the latter to be determined by the pilot).
Failure to do either is Endangering Aerospace Safety, a contravention.

Emergency Zero Navigation (EZN) Declaration
In the case of a situation in which one could perceive within reasonable doubt that an imminent and grave danger to civilian populations or national security would be posed if civil aviation was to be allowed to continue operation, the Minister of Transportation, Chief of Staff of the Commonwealth Air Force or President of the Aurentine Commonwealth may issue an Emergency Zero Navigation (EZN) for one, several or all of the flight information regions.
If an EZN order is declared for a flight information region, all aircraft currently in it must be landed in the shortest safe timeframe by air traffic control, and aircraft heading to the area must be diverted.
In the case of a nationwide EZN, aircraft less than halfway on a non-stop route to Aurentina must turn back, or, if incapable, diverted to a neighbouring country.

Flight Information Regions
This bill mandates the Minister of Transportation to split Aurentina into four flight information regions, one of which should roughly correspond to the National Capital Region.

Air Defence Identification Zone
The Leishaagen Air Defence Identification Zone (ADIZ) is hereby established, as the 20km radius surrounding the Government District (defined as the 1km radius around the Senate Building).
All civil aircraft seeking to enter the Leishaagen ADIZ must identify their intentions to air traffic control as soon as they enter the National Capital Region's Flight Information Region, or face interception.
All civil aircraft entering the National Capital Region's Flight Information Region must state their intentions to air traffic control promptly.
The 5km diameter surrounding the Government District is declared prohibited airspace for civil aircraft.

On British Aurentina
The 2km radius around the British Overseas Territory in Southern Aurentina is transferred to the control of its Flight Information Region.

Prohibited Items
The following items are prohibited onboard all airliners for all individuals except on-duty Gendarmes, and possessing them onboard or attempting to smuggle them onboard is a felony.

• All items controlled by the Improved Firearms Safety and Licencing Act and the Firearms Licensing and Reasonable Restrictions Act.
• All explosive devices, including but not limited to TNT, Molotov cocktails, grenades, smoke bombs and firecrackers.
• All Class A, B and X drugs as per the Sale of Harmful Substances Act.
• Unauthorised distribution of top secret or strictly confidential files as classified under the Responsible Government Act.

The following items are prohibited onboard all airliners for all individuals except on-duty Gendarmes, and detected items will be confiscated and destroyed.

• Containers of liquids with a volume superior to, not including, 500mL (on domestic flights) and 100mL (on international flights) - Exempt if purchased from a duty-free store at an airport after passing security checks at airports
• Class C drugs as per the Sale of Harmful Substances Act - Exempt if purchased from a duty-free store at an airport after passing security checks at airports
• Electroshock weapons (commonly known as "Tasers") and tools (such as concealed shock devices)
• Live animals, other than vaccinated household pets with a travel licence granted by the Ministry of the Environment, the Animal Protection Force or an Aurentine diplomatic mission, or wild animals being transported in secure cargo containers for commercial, medical or ecological purposes.
• Raw meat, unless placed inside crates that cannot be opened by a regular person without recourse to using extreme force (hitting at high speeds, kicking, etc.) or damaging with an object (smashing with a blunt object, forcing open with a crowbar, etc.)
• Specimen of vegetation deemed "invasive" or "dangerous to flora" by the Minister of the Environment.
• Lighters and matches

The following items are prohibited onboard all airliners, except in checked-in luggage or if purchased from a duty-free store at an airport after passing security checks at airports.

• Candles
• Tobacco
• Alcohol
• Pepper spray, or other similar products
• Hammers, baseball bats, hockey sticks, wrenches and other blunt objects (at the discretion of the on-duty customs agent)

Aircraft Restrictions

The Aurentine Airspace Control List

• Powered aircraft built prior to, not including, 1940 (all glider aircraft are exempt from this regulation)
• Powered aircraft designed prior to, not including, 1935 (all glider aircraft are exempt from this regulation)
• Aircraft lacking seatbelts for essential staff other than the pilot and/or co-pilot, such as the flight engineer on older aircraft
• Any aircraft capable of breaking the sound barrier in normal conditions
• Decommissioned fighters, bombers and attack helicopters

The Aurentine Airspace Restricted List

• Aircraft built between 1940 and 1960 (single- or double- seater powered aircraft, along with all glider aircraft, are exempt from this regulation)
• Aircraft designed between 1935 and 1950 (single- or double- seater powered aircraft, along with all glider aircraft, are exempt from this regulation)
• Any aircraft lacking seatbelts for passenger and/or non-essential staff (such as air stewards)
• Any aircraft equipped with a functional weapons bay
• Any aircraft capable of supercruising

The Aurentine Airspace Prohibition List

• Any aircraft lacking a radio capable of transmitting and receiving communications from air traffic control
• Any aircraft equipped with a functional weapon
• Airborne early warning and control aircraft
• Any aircraft lacking a seatbelt for the pilot and/or, if applicable, the co-pilot
• Any aircraft equipped with one or more devices capable of controlling the electromagnetic spectrum (electronic warfare)

Exemptions
To be able to operate in Aurentine airspace, a restricted aircraft's pilot must have a Class X1 or T licence with the Civil Aviation Authority.
To be able to operate in Aurentine airspace, a controlled aircraft's pilot must have a Class X2 or T licence with the Civil Aviation Authority and notify the Civil Transport Incident Investigation Bureau a minimum of 2 hours prior to each takeoff.
Pilots of aircraft operated by the Commonwealth Armed Forces and Aurentine National Gendarmerie are exempt from the Aurentine Airspace Control, Restricted and Prohibited Lists.
Operating a prohibited aircraft without being a member of the aforementioned organisations on official duty or having a T licence is operating an unsafe aircraft - aggravated, a felony.
Operating a restricted or controlled aircraft without appropriate permissions is operating an unsafe aircraft, a delict.
Aircraft operated by any non-military service of the Government of Aurentina are exempt from the Aurentine Airspace Prohibition List. However, such aircraft will be considered part of the Restricted List and must be registered with the CAA and CTIIB (see above clause).

Fifth Amendment to the International Law Act
The Senate of the Aurentine Commonwealth hereby ratifies:

• Annexes 1-19 of the Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation

First Amendment to the Transport Safety Act
Event data recorders must record, as a minimum, the 30 minutes prior to a vehicle- or power-disabling crash. Failing to do so is a delict for the company or other person that owns the vehicle.

Crimes Against Humanity Act II
“Justice for crimes against humanity must have no limitations.”
― Simon Wiesenthal
A First Amendment to the Constitution of the Aurentine Commonwealth
Author: Ainin [NDP] | SIMBEDS: Order | Urgency: Medium
Sponsors: Malgrave [MSP], Yanalia, New Zepuha [MWP], FreeOlesia
Central and Eastern Visayas, Osea 767 [CP], Britanno

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The Senate of the Aurentine Commonwealth,

Whereas crimes committed towards the goal of the elimination of a group of persons is reprehensible and has no place in modern society,

Whereas such crimes are violations of the principles of the established international community,

Whereas persons who commit such crimes mustn't be allowed to escape justice by fleeing to nations where they have not committed crimes,

Whereas the Crimes Against Humanity Act provided a mechanism to bring such criminals to justice,

Whereas said act has become unenforceable due to the passage of the Charter of Rights in the Constitution,

Whereas an inherent contradiction in the Constitution exists due to the Aurentine Commonwealth's late ratification of the Rome Statute contrasted to the Constitution's mandate to follow international law and its ban of ex post facto prosecution,

Hereby enacts the following statute:

Section 4 of the Article of the Charter of Rights named "Rights regarding justice" reading

4. No person shall be punished for an act which was not punishable by law when the act was committed, and no person shall be subjected to a punishment greater than that prescribed by the law in force at the time of the offence.

is struck out and rendered null and void. It shall be replaced with

4. No person shall be punished for an act which was not punishable by law when the act was committed, and no person shall be subjected to a punishment greater than that prescribed by the law in force at the time of the offence, unless the act was recognised as criminal amongst the general community of nations through statutory international law ratified by the British administration in Aurentina prior to independence at the time it was committed.

Done.