So, I was reading about this whole Robert E. Lee/MLK Day thing, and I got to thinking: if a nation is defeated by its enemies, does that nation have certain rights guaranteed to it beyond the Geneva Convention, say, are its laws still valid or are they rendered null and void? Do these rights extend to a "nation" with no international recognition (like the Confederate States of America)?
What I mean is, if the nation is defeated, and there is no resistance, but the nation is not recognized, what would prevent the conquering nation from going on a rampage of killing or looting? What basic human rights are extended to the defeated on a nationwide scale, besides the Geneva Convention?