Workers of the World, Unite! [OOC/AH/OPEN]

[Union Princes]

NATION APPLICATION


Kingdom of France/Royaume de France
French Africa, Nationalist French government-in-exile, Royalist France

Government Type: Unitary Absolutist Monarchy - The King's power is not limited by a constitution but by a tradition called the Fundamental Laws, where the sovereign acts according to principles. In practice, the French king has absolute power in all manners of state, down to the local tribe councils.
Head of State: King Bernard I d'Orleans by the Grace of God, King of the French, Count of France, Most Christian Majesty.
Head of Government: King Bernard I
Capital: Constantine
Population: 85 million
Military Population: 400,000 active
Territory: French West and Northwest Africa, Morocco, Spanish Morocco, former Spanish West Africa, Liberia, British West Africa, Portuguese West Africa
Territorial Conflicts: Metropole France and Corsica
Alignment: CTO leaning/the Entente
History: The 1930s and the early 1940s were not kind to the Third French Republic. It fell to the American Union State, its homeland taken by traitorous revolutionaries. Corisca was lost. All the gains from the Entente victory in WW1 were undone as the old government and political elite evacuated to French Africa. In exile, the chaos further destabilized the Republic, prompting Marshal Philipe Petain to intervene in the power vacuum and install an emergency military dictatorship. Yet, it was still rife with numerous problems: Petain's regime was repressive and corrupt and its colonies were rebellious and worthless.

This crisis finally culminated in the election of 1944 when Petain's government finally collapsed and the Action Française swept into power. A military man known as Charles de Gaulle became the 2nd French President in exile but his term was temporary as he was a staunch supporter of the monarchist movement. De Gaulle simply ratified the constitution to allow for Jean III d'Orleans to reclaim his throne as the autocrat of France. By next month, the Third French Republic ended with the birth of the Kingdom of France led by the Orleanist Bourbon dynasty. As Socialist France experienced their Red Robespierre, Jean III's reign was infamous for its anti-communist, anti-parliament, and being profoundly against the ideas of the Third French Republic.

The king conducted a massive purge across West Africa, rooting out Republican sympathizers and natives, and cementing a more conservative, reactionary society in its place. Against all reason, King Jean III embarked on expansionist campaigns with the remnants of the modern French military, conquering Morocco and Liberia, and seizing the colonies of France's former allies in Western Africa under the guise of "bringing modernization and protection" to the natives. While it was expected that this France-in-exile would collapse under its own weight, it defied all expectations and consolidated its gains thanks to the French Foreign Legion.

Unlike other anti-communist nations in the CTO, the Kingdom of France remained a special thorn in the side of the Panama Pact thanks to the Legion. Indeed, the French Foreign Legion has been expanded to the extent that it surpassed the size of the Royalist French Army. There were soldiers from 100 different nations all volunteering to serve France and its King. Motivations range from monetary gain to being rapid anti-communists. The most notable Legionnaires were the Americans. Some have joined after the Glorious Revolution but the most recent additions came from the AUS soldiers that defected during the invasion of France. When the French tanks managed to outmaneuver and encircle several American divisions, the ones that were filled with dishearted Southerners from the Dixie south were quick to collaborate with the French. They brought in their guns, trucks, and even tanks to serve the Third Republic. General Eisenhower, thought of as loyal to the AUS, defected to the Third French Republic when captured before its exile into Africa. He was spared during the purge and continued to work alongside his fellow exiled Americans such as Patton, Marshall, and MacArthur.

As the 50s were marked by the conquest and modernization of French Africa under Jean III, his death in 1959 caused the ascension of King Benard I, who is keen on continuing his father's military and industrial policies in order to prepare the state to retake his birthright.

RP Examples: viewtopic.php?f=31&t=457093
#WWU! Do NOT Remove!

[Mets Hayk]

NATION APPLICATION

Tsardom of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: българско царство)
Bulgaria (Bulgarian: България)

Government Type: The Tsardom of Bulgaria is a unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy. Its unicameral parliament is the National Assembly.
Head of State: Simeon II, Tsar of Bulgaria

Head of Government: Konstantin Muraviev, Prime Minister of Bulgaria

Capital: Sofia
Population: 7,885,607
Military Population: (no more than 3% of pop!) 236,568
Territory:

Territorial Conflicts: The territories of Vardar Macedonia, the Belomorie, and the Pomoravie are disputed between Bulgaria and Yugoslavia, though actual conflict is minimal.
Alignment: Cooperative Treaty Organization (CTO)
History:
Though socialism had spread throughout most of Europe; the Balkans shielded their nations from the red terror. Bulgaria was no exception. Boris III, the Tsar of Bulgaria, had issued a series of reforms that effectively overthrew the military junta that ruled over the kingdom for decades to prevent any future revolutions in his own country; reinstituting the constitutional policies of his father.

Upon the death of his father in 1956, Simeon II ascended to the throne and ruled over Bulgaria in a style not too dissimilar to his father's. He'd helped put down secessionist efforts (mostly perpetrated by the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization) alongside his Yugoslav neighbors to help better the two long-standing rivals.

Since 1956, Bulgarian politics has been dominated by the centre-right Democratic Party and the far-right Zveno party. The centrist Bulgarian Agrarian National Union regained prominence when Konstantin Muraviev was reelected to the position of prime minister in 1958. Communist and other far-left parties have been harshly suppressed to prevent the spread of such ideas.

RP Examples: I'm going to be more active on the Yerevan Summit thread. If you'd like another example, just tell me.
#WWU! Do NOT Remove!

[The V O I D]

-snip-

Accepted! Welcome aboard. Please join the Discord, if you haven't already.

[Hypron]

NATION APPLICATION

Federation of Australasia/Fédération d’Australasie
Australasia

Government Type: Unitary Parliamentary Constitutional Monarchy: Even without the monarchy in the mainland, the daily running of government chugged on as normal in the 'Land Down Under'. The Monarch in India is represented by the Office of the Governor-General, while the Government is left to the Australasian Chief Minister. The 165-seat House of Representatives is the main governing force behind Australasia, with 75 seats for Australia and New Zealand and 15 for the many Pacific Islands.
Head of State: Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, Represented by Governor-General William Philip Sidney

Head of Government: Chief Minister Robert Menzies (LNP)

Capital: Canberra, Australia
Population: 14.51 million
Military Population: (no more than 3% of pop!) 400,000
Territory: (all territory you govern) Commonwealth of Australia, Dominion of New Zealand, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, and Fiji directly, while Papua New Guinea is a Imperial Protectorate and not directly controlled from Canberra.

Territorial Conflicts: N/A
Alignment: Non-aligned
History: With the fall of the British Isles to Communism in the 40s, Prime Minister of Australia Robert Menzies saw Britain and France's Eastern Empires descend into chaos. While the British Government-in-Exile worked on stabilizing the situation in the Raj, the Australians worked on stabilizing their region, recalling the remnants of the British Pacific Fleet (1 carrier, 2 battleships, 8 cruisers, 14 destroyers) and all loyalist British troops in the Pacific to Australia before the Socialists could get their hands on them, sending a force to seize the island of New Caledonia before French communists could occupy the territory, and clamping down on any revolutionary sentiment within the Dominion. While most of Australia was now content with their position, New Delhi had other ideas.

During the 1952 Imperial Conference in Sydney, Prime Minister Nehru asked Menzies and his counterpart, New Zealand Prime Minister Sir Sidney Holland, to attempt to unify their territories in order to strengthen the British presence in Oceania and to save on resources. Both acceded, and a referendum was held in June 1953, with 57.2% of Australians and 59.3% of New Zealanders voting for unification of the 2 nations. On January 1, 1954, the Commonwealth of Australia and the Dominion of New Zealand ceased to exist, with the Federation of Australasia being born. In the meanwhile, due to socialist revolts on Papua New Guinea, the state was granted nominal independence under the protection of Canberra, in order to appease the locals and lessen the strain on the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps.

The first elections were a competition between 3 parties. The opposition includes The Australasian Labor Party is a left-wing movement of anti-communist Social Democrats heavily influenced by the Australian and New Zealander Fabian societies currently being led by Frank Crean, and the Australasian Conservatives, based off of the British Conservative Movement and led by New Zealander Keith Holyoke. The current ruling party is the Liberal-Nationals, a unification of the Australian Liberal and the New Zealander National parties, promoting National Liberal ideals and Classical Liberal economics, and being lead by the current Chief Minister, Robert Menzies.

The LNP won the first elections in 1955, and have been governing since, with the current Menzies Ministry being made up of 10 Australians, 9 New Zealanders, and one Canadian-Australian. However, concerns have been propping up within Government of his health, and Menzies has stated his intention to retire in 1962. This has lead to the beginning of a race for the LNP leadership, with 2 frontrunners. The first is Sir John Grey Gorton, current Minister of Defense for Australasia and frontrunner for the Social Liberal wing of the party. Advocating for the expansion of social rights, promoting nationalism in the economy, and campaigning as a 'Man of the People', he has seen his popularity swell within the liberal circles.

The second frontrunner is Jack Marshall, current Minister of Trade and Customs and the pick of the Conservative faction. A balance between the Liberals and Conservatives, his opposition to the socialist view on the economy has won him support, with him wishing for a property-owning society under the benign guidance of a fair and just government. He is committed deeply to the ideals of Liberalism, stressing ‘the infinite worth of human personality and of each individual man’ in a speech in 1959. His support for economic liberalism and his belief in Christian morality was enough to skyrocket him to leadership of the Conservative branch of the LNP.

RP Examples:

https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?f=31&t=515312&p=39348268#p39348268
viewtopic.php?f=31&t=515312&p=39341419#p39341419

#WWU! Do NOT Remove!

[Sao Nova Europa]

Nice. Let's restore the Empire and purge Britain from commies.

[The V O I D]

-snip-

Welcome aboard!

[Great Confederacy of Commonwealth States]

NATION APPLICATION


The United Commonwealth of English, Welsh and Scots
The United Commonwealth - The UC - Britain

Government Type: It is hard to explain exactly the power structure of the United Commonwealth. Ask five people what commonwealths are actually united, and you will get five different answers. Ever since the Glorious Revolution of 1942, eighteen years ago, power in the UC has been in flux. At the start of 1960, power is held by a triumvirate of the Trade Union Congress, the United People's Communist Party (formerly the labour party) and the Red Navy, led by generalissimo Len Wincott.
Head of State: General Union Secretary Harold Vincent Tewson
Head of Government: Chairperson of the United People's Communist Party Annie Powell
Capital: London
Population: 47 million
Military Population: 400.000 active service
Territory: Great Britain and the Isles
Territorial Conflicts: Depending on who you ask: some within the Red Navy would lay claim to all of Britain's oversees colonies in order to establish communism there, while some within the former labour party would also claim Ireland due to historical ties and disagreements about the exact nature of communism.
Alignment: PANPACT
History: History changes for Britain in 1920, when the new socialist constitution of the US was ratified. Seeing it as an illegitimate government, Britain cut all ties with the US, allowing her to forgo paying back WW1 loans. This was much-needed, because the socialisation of the US economy and the destruction of its capital first caused a recession, before the influx of capital flight from the US made the UK economy somewhat competitive again. In 1921, the UK failed to crush the Irish rebels, leading to an independent Irish republic while the UK retained northern Ireland and Belfast. Repression in Canada was increased drastically, and the borders with the US were hermetically sealed, leading not only to economic collapse of the Canadian colony (which paradoxically lead to more appeal of socialist groups) but also unleashed the 'Red War', where Red smugglers from the US and Canada battled RCMP units in the borderlands.

In september 1939, Nazi Germany defied a British ultimatum not to invade Poland, followed by a declaration of war. This was followed by the 'Phony war', until the sudden and succesful invasion of France in 1940 and its subsequent collapse. In 1940, the Battle of Britain commenced in the skies, with the Nazi Luftwaffe engaging the Royal Air Force. While the pilots battled in the skies, however, diplomats secretly met in Norway in order to discuss terms. To the UK holdings in Canada, the US was a far larger threat, and the Nazis managed to convince the UK government that military cooperation was preferable to open warfare, since the US would come out on top in that eventuality. After the loss of Dunkirk, their position seemed untenable, and the UK first agreed to a ceasefire. Then, king George VI resigned in favour of his brother Edward, now Edward VIII and IX thanks to his second official kingship. Under his watch, a new pro-Nazi and vehemently anti-socialist government was formed, following the terms of the peace treaty between Nazi Germany and the UK, which was followed by the signing of an anti-communist pseudo-alliance, including promised coal shipments for German war industries.

This was unacceptable to the miner unions in the Midlands, and when the news broke that British coal would be sold to Nazis, they went on strike, demanding the treaty with Germany be repudiated. The UK government responded with immediate violence and sent in the army, breaking up the miner strikes and forcing them back into the pits at gunpoint. However, in solidarity, the transport union stopped the trains, and the harbour unions also joined the strike action, and failed to load any ship heading for occupied Europe. General elections were called for, but king Edward, inspired by Mussolini and Hitler, denied them, and clamped down even harder, ordering the Royal navy stationed in Liverpool (which was there to protect UK convoys to Germany from Russian raiders) to break the strike. This was, in hindsight, inadvisable, as the royal marines and sailors mutinied and raised the red flag, sending all officers who would not join their muntiny home. The fleet at Scapa Flow, under orders to sail to Liverpool to engage the mutineers, underwent the same fate. They elected veteran mutineer Len Wincott as their People's Admiral. The demands were now even more severe, calling for the resignation of government and the appointment of a labour government, as well as the abdication of the king.

In late 1941, under pressure from the Nazis, the king went on the offensive, ordering the army to end the mutinies once and for all, with deadly force if necessary. The strikers had not been sitting idle, however, and army forces were opposed by well-armed and well-equipped Red militias, armed with American arms imported from the Union State, which had smelled a clear opportunity to intervene. Veterans from the Spanish civil war trained volunteers, and the ill-prepared and ill-experienced army troops could do little to dislodge their positions. American anti-tank rifles made short work of armour. At that point, the fleet at Scapa Flow sailed down to Sussex, up the Thames, broke the chain guarding the mouth of the river and trained its guns at parliament and Buckingham Palace (even though the king was away that day) and forced the government to surrender, which it did. A new temporary government was established under labour, which immediately repudiated the treaty of amity with the Nazi government. In early 1942, the UK declared war on Germany a second time, this time backed by the Union State. While the war was ungoing, a new constitution was drafted, as well as legislation dealing with the 'unfortunate institution' of the monarchy.

The UK remained a kingdom until late 1943, when it became clear that any new constitution would abolish the monarchy, and as anti-German sentiments increased as the war progressed, so did anti-Edwardian sentiment. The king was spotted on his way to Kent to catch a personal plane headed for Germany, and Edward was immediately tried and executed by the local militia commander, much to the chagrin of the labour government. However, any attempts to try the militia commander were thwarted by the Red Navy, which had gained more and more control over the government as the war had progressed. In 1944, the Red Marines even seized the capital and arrested moderate labour politicians, allowing labour and the British communist party to merge into one. It was clear that post-war Britain would not be a social democracy, but a socialist state. When the war concluded, after much suffering, the power of the Red Navy had reached a zenith. But many union men and women also returned home, having seen the carnage that fascism and capitalism had caused, hoping that something at home would change. However, while the monarchy was formally abolished (and what remained of the royal family escaped to India), the communist party dragged its feet with the new constitution. This was to the advantage of the Red Navy, which had come out on top in the practical power struggle during the war, but kept in place the capitalist power structures that many labourers were suffering under. The nationalisation of the mines had done little to alleviate the suffering, as the government was still following market logic. Throughout the 1940s, clashes between unions and the government increased, until they came to a head in 1949, when veterans of the war began arming themselves and forming Red militias again. A civil war was looming, but during a secret meeting between Party, Navy and Unions, a triumvirate was negotiated. A constitution would be drafted wherein some vestiges of the old government remained, but much power would be delegated to the unions in matters of economy, and the Navy would remain functionally independent as a check on power.

This arrangement has lasted for just under ten years now, and has proved semi-stable. The socialisation of the British economy has gone over well, with little bloodshed, while the government has retained some international prestige. Though, the fragile balance is slipping. As the economy socialises, much because of the determination of the unions, the power of government seems to be waning, especially as the welfare state has been wholly subsumed by unions. The Red Navy sees opportunities in the cold war, but feels hampered by the other two powers in its goals, and while its budget has remained stable, building modern submarines requires more and more resources which are allocated to improving quality of life. And at the same time, new groups have come to the fore, demanding actions that are not traditionally part of any of the three branches: gay and lesbian rights groups, racial equality advocates and disability rights activists are coming forward, pressuring both state and union to do something about their precarious situations. Gaelic minorities too see their plight as unheard and not taken seriously, as the official party line is that all struggles are subservient to class struggles. As Britain progresses, it hangs precariously between authoritarianism and liberty, while capitalist spies could be anywhere.

RP Examples: I am a living RP example.
#WWU! Do NOT Remove!

[The V O I D]

-snip-

Accepted, of course.

[Union Princes]

I finished

[Dogutrakya]

Tag, reserving France. Is it possible to establish a kind of fascist ideology (Fascism, and Nazism after all, has an economic system that takes some elements from Socialism in general)

[Great Confederacy of Commonwealth States]

Tag, reserving France. Is it possible to establish a kind of fascist ideology (Fascism, and Nazism after all, has an economic system that takes some elements from Socialism in general)

This is a common misconception, but not true. Fascist states rely on the collaboration of big business oligarchs and generally champion privitisation and beating down on trade unions. Fascism is, theoretically and in practice, antithetical to socialism.

[Great Britain and Galactic Commonwealth]

NATION APPLICATION

Republic Of China 中华民国
China

Government Type: Unitary Presidential Constitutional Republic
China has a presidential system or single executive system, a form of government in which ahead of government, typically with the title of president, leads an executive branch that is separate from the legislative branch in systems that use separation of powers. The head of government is also the head of state. The head of government is directly elected by the people and is not responsible to the legislature, and the legislature cannot dismiss the president except in extraordinary cases.
Head of State:

His Excellency, President Of The Republic Of China, Generalissimo
Chiang Kai-Shek, 蔣中正. 蔣介石
Head of Government:

His Excellency, President of The Republic Of China, Generalissimo
Chiang Kai-Shek, 蔣中正. 蔣介石
Capital: Beijing
Population: 690.2 million
Military Population: 987,098 active personnel, with 2.1 million in reserve
Territory:

Territorial Conflicts:

China has various border disputes with India; India claims Aksai Chin, which is administrated by China. During the 1950s, the Republic of China built a 1,200 km (750 mi) road connecting Xinjiang and western Tibet, of which 179 km (112 mi) ran south of the Johnson Line through the Aksai Chin region claimed by India. Aksai Chin was easily accessible to the Chinese but was more difficult for the Indians on the other side of the Karakorams to reach. The Indians did not learn of the road's existence until 1957, which was confirmed when the road was shown in Chinese maps published in 1958.

The Depsang Plains are located on the border of the Indian union territory of Ladakh and the disputed zone of Aksai Chin. The dispute remains unresolved.

Arunachal Pradesh is a state of India, located in the far northeast. It borders the states of Assam and Nagaland to the south and borders Burma in the east, Bhutan in the west, and China in the north. The majority of the territory is claimed by China, by whom it is called South Tibet. The northern border of Arunachal Pradesh reflects the McMahon Line, a line demarcated by the 1914 Simla Convention between the United Kingdom and the Tibetan government. The Chinese government never accepted the Simla Convention, and it was also considered invalid by Tibetans due to unmet conditions specified in the treaty. The boundary was not broadly enforced by the Indian government until 1950. Currently, this territory is administered by India.

China and Vietnam have a territory dispute over Paracel Islands, which are administered and occupied by the Chinese Republic, but claimed by Vietnam.

China and Japan have a territorial dispute over a group of uninhabited islands known as the Senkaku Islands in Japan, the Diaoyu Islands, Diaoyutai Islands in the Republic of China. The archipelago has been controlled by Japan since 1895. The ROC also claims the islands. The territory is close to key shipping lanes and rich fishing grounds, and there may be oil reserves in the area.

Bhutan has long had strong cultural, historical, religious and economic connections to Tibet. Bhutan's border with Tibet has never been officially recognized, much less demarcated. The Republic of China officially maintains a territorial claim on parts of Bhutan.[2] The territorial claim was maintained by the Republic of China after the Chinese Civil War.

The 1959 Tibetan Rebellion and the 14th Dalai Lama's arrival in neighbouring India made the security of Bhutan's border with China a necessity for Bhutan. An estimated 6,000 Tibetans fled to Bhutan and were granted asylum, although Bhutan subsequently closed its border with China, fearing more refugees to come. In July 1959, along with the occupation of Tibet, the Chinese Army occupied several Bhutanese exclaves in western Tibet which were under Bhutanese administration for more than 300 years and had been given to Bhutan by Ngawang Namgyal in the 17th century. These included Darchen, Labrang Monastery, Gartok and several smaller monasteries and villages near Mount Kailas.

The maritime area in the South China Sea, in which the ROC claimed sovereignty on the area surrounding shoals and islands in the Sea, as well as historical rights over the are in a nine-dash line.

Alignment: (Panama Pact/PANPACT or CTO or Unaligned) The Republic Of China is a founding member of the CTO and leads the alliance along with Russia. China since the end of WWII has been one of the most vocal and outspoken critics of Communism and its peers in the form of the Panama Pact. China vehemently opposes the influence of the Panama Pact and its leaders especially The American Union States. China under the leadership of Chiang Kai Shek has funded and supported anti-Marxist guerillas and sponsored various organisations in South America, Europe, Africa and Asia.
History:

According to Chinese tradition, the first dynasty was the Xia, which emerged around 2100 BCE. The Xia dynasty marked the beginning of China's political system based on hereditary monarchies, or dynasties, which lasted for a millennium. The Xia dynasty was considered mythical by historians until scientific excavations found early Bronze Age sites at Erlitou, Henan in 1959. It remains unclear whether these sites are the remains of the Xia dynasty or another culture from the same period. The succeeding Shang dynasty is the earliest to be confirmed by contemporary records. The Shang ruled the plain of the Yellow River in eastern China from the 17th to the 11th century BCE. Their oracle bone script (from c. 1500 BCE) represents the oldest form of Chinese writing yet found and is a direct ancestor of modern Chinese characters.

The Shang was conquered by the Zhou, who ruled between the 11th and 5th centuries BCE, though centralized authority was slowly eroded by feudal warlords. Some principalities eventually emerged from the weakened Zhou, no longer fully obeyed the Zhou king, and continually waged war with each other during the 300-year Spring and Autumn period. By the time of the Warring States period of the 5th–3rd centuries BCE, there were only seven powerful states left.

The Warring States period ended in 221 BCE after the state of Qin conquered the other six kingdoms, reunited China and established the dominant order of autocracy. King Zheng of Qin proclaimed himself the First Emperor of the Qin dynasty. He enacted Qin's legalist reforms throughout China, notably the forced standardization of Chinese characters, measurements, road widths (i.e., cart axles' length), and currency. His dynasty also conquered the Yue tribes in Guangxi, Guangdong, and Vietnam. The Qin dynasty lasted only fifteen years, falling soon after the First Emperor's death, as his harsh authoritarian policies led to widespread rebellion.

Following a widespread civil war during which the imperial library at Xianyang was burned, the Han dynasty emerged to rule China between 206 BCE and CE 220, creating a cultural identity among its populace still remembered in the ethnonym of the Han Chinese. The Han expanded the empire's territory considerably, with military campaigns reaching Central Asia, Mongolia, South Korea, and Yunnan, and the recovery of Guangdong and northern Vietnam from Nanyue. Han involvement in Central Asia and Sogdia helped establish the land route of the Silk Road, replacing the earlier path over the Himalayas to India. Han China gradually became the largest economy in the ancient world. Despite Han's initial decentralization and the official abandonment of the Qin philosophy of Legalism in favour of Confucianism, Qin's legalist institutions and policies continued to be employed by the Han government and its successors.

After the end of the Han dynasty, a period of strife known as the Three Kingdoms followed, whose central figures were later immortalized in one of the Four Classics of Chinese literature. In its end, Wei was swiftly overthrown by the Jin dynasty. Jin fell to civil war upon the ascension of a developmentally-disabled emperor; the Five Barbarians then invaded and ruled northern China as the Sixteen States. The Xianbei unified them as the Northern Wei, whose Emperor Xiaowen reversed his predecessors' apartheid policies and enforced a drastic sinification on his subjects, largely integrating them into Chinese culture. In the south, the general Liu Yu secured the abdication of Jin in favour of Liu Song. The various successors of these states became known as the Northern and Southern dynasties, with the two areas finally reunited by the Sui in 581. The Sui restored the Han to power through China, reformed its agriculture, economy and imperial examination system, constructed the Grand Canal, and patronized Buddhism. However, they fell quickly when their conscription for public works and a failed war in northern Korea provoked widespread unrest.

Under the succeeding Tang and Song dynasties, the Chinese economy, technology, and culture entered a golden age. The Tang Empire retained control of the Western Regions and the Silk Road, which brought traders to as far as Mesopotamia and the Horn of Africa, and made the capital Chang'an a cosmopolitan urban centre. However, it was devastated and weakened by the An Lushan Rebellion in the 8th century. In 907, the Tang disintegrated completely when the local military governors became ungovernable. The Song dynasty ended the separatist situation in 960, leading to a balance of power between the Song and Khitan Liao. The Song was the first government in world history to issue paper money and the first Chinese polity to establish a permanent standing navy which was supported by the developed shipbuilding industry along with the sea trade.

Between the 10th and 11th centuries, the population of China doubled in size to around 100 million people, mostly because of the expansion of rice cultivation in central and southern China, and the production of abundant food surpluses. The Song dynasty also saw a revival of Confucianism, in response to the growth of Buddhism during the Tang, and a flourishing of philosophy and the arts, as landscape art and porcelain were brought to new levels of maturity and complexity. However, the military weakness of the Song army was observed by the Jurchen Jin dynasty. In 1127, Emperor Huizong of Song and the capital Bianjing were captured during the Jin–Song Wars. The remnants of the Song retreated to southern China.

The Mongol conquest of China began in 1205 with the gradual conquest of Western Xia by Genghis Khan, who also invaded Jin territories. In 1271, the Mongol leader Kublai Khan established the Yuan dynasty, which conquered the last remnant of the Song dynasty in 1279. Before the Mongol invasion, the population of Song China was 120 million citizens; this was reduced to 60 million by the time of the census in 1300. A peasant named Zhu Yuanzhang led a rebellion that overthrew the Yuan in 1368 and founded the Ming dynasty as the Hongwu Emperor. Under the Ming dynasty, China enjoyed another golden age, developing one of the strongest navies in the world and a prosperous economy amid a flourishing of art and culture. It was during this period that admiral Zheng He led the Ming treasure voyages throughout the Indian Ocean, reaching as far as East Africa.

In the early years of the Ming dynasty, China's capital was moved from Nanjing to Beijing. With the budding of capitalism, philosophers such as Wang Yangming further critiqued and expanded Neo-Confucianism with concepts of individualism and equality of four occupations. The scholar-official stratum became a supporting force of industry and commerce in the tax boycott movements, which, together with the famines and defence against Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598) and Manchu invasions led to an exhausted treasury. In 1644, Beijing was captured by a coalition of peasant rebel forces led by Li Zicheng. The Chongzhen Emperor committed suicide when the city fell. The Manchu Qing dynasty, then allied with Ming dynasty general Wu Sangui, overthrew Li's short-lived Shun dynasty and subsequently seized control of Beijing, which became the new capital of the Qing dynasty.

The Qing dynasty, which lasted from 1644 until 1912, was the last imperial dynasty of China. Its conquest of the Ming (1618–1683) cost 25 million lives and the economy of China shrank drastically. After the Southern Ming ended, the further conquest of the Dzungar Khanate added Mongolia, Tibet and Xinjiang to the empire. The centralized autocracy was strengthened to suppress anti-Qing sentiment with the policy of valuing agriculture and restraining commerce, the Haijin ("sea ban"), and ideological control as represented by the literary inquisition, causing social and technological stagnation.

In the mid-19th century, the Qing dynasty experienced Western imperialism in the Opium Wars with Britain and France. China was forced to pay compensation, open treaty ports, allow extraterritoriality for foreign nationals, and cede Hong Kong to the British under the 1842 Treaty of Nanking, the first of the Unequal Treaties. The First Sino-Japanese War (1894–1895) resulted in Qing China's loss of influence in the Korean Peninsula, as well as the cession of Taiwan to Japan. The Qing dynasty also began experiencing internal unrest in which tens of millions of people died, especially in the White Lotus Rebellion, the failed Taiping Rebellion that ravaged southern China in the 1850s and 1860s and the Dungan Revolt (1862–1877) in the northwest. The initial success of the Self-Strengthening Movement of the 1860s was frustrated by a series of military defeats in the 1880s and 1890s.

In the 19th century, the great Chinese diaspora began. Losses due to emigration were added to by conflicts and catastrophes such as the Northern Chinese Famine of 1876–1879, in which between 9 and 13 million people died. The Guangxu Emperor drafted a reform plan in 1898 to establish a modern constitutional monarchy, but these plans were thwarted by Empress Dowager Cixi. The ill-fated anti-foreign Boxer Rebellion of 1899–1901 further weakened the dynasty. Although Cixi sponsored a program of reforms, the Xinhai Revolution of 1911–1912 brought an end to the Qing dynasty and established the Republic of China. Puyi, the last Emperor of China, abdicated in 1912.

On 1 January 1912, the Republic of China was established, and Sun Yat-sen of the Kuomintang (the KMT or Nationalist Party) was proclaimed provisional president. On 12 February 1912, regent Empress Dowager Longyu sealed the imperial abdication decree on behalf of 4-year-old Puyi, the last emperor of China, ending 5,000 years of monarchy in China. In March 1912, the presidency was given to Yuan Shikai, a former Qing general who in 1915 proclaimed himself Emperor of China. In the face of popular condemnation and opposition from his own Beiyang Army, he was forced to abdicate and re-establish the republic in 1916.

After Yuan Shikai died in 1916, China was politically fragmented. Its Beijing-based government was internationally recognized but virtually powerless; regional warlords controlled most of its territory. In the late 1920s, the Kuomintang under Chiang Kai-shek, the then Principal of the Republic of China Military Academy, was able to reunify the country under its control with a series of deft military and political manoeuvrings, known collectively as the Northern Expedition.
The Kuomintang moved the nation's capital to Nanjing and implemented "political tutelage", an intermediate stage of political development outlined in Sun Yat-sen's San-min program for transforming China into a modern democratic state. The political division in China made it difficult for Chiang to battle the communist-led People's Liberation Army (PLA), against whom the Kuomintang had been warring since 1927 in the Chinese Civil War. This war continued successfully for the Kuomintang, especially after the PLA retreated in the Long March until Japanese aggression and the 1936 Xi'an Incident forced Chiang to confront Imperial Japan.

The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945), a theatre of World War II, forced an uneasy alliance between the Kuomintang and the Communists. Japanese forces committed numerous war atrocities against the civilian population; in all, as many as 20 million Chinese civilians died. An estimated 40,000 to 300,000 Chinese were massacred in the city of Nanjing alone during the Japanese occupation. When Nazi Germany invaded Poland defying French and British ultimatums France and Britain declared war on Germany and thus began the Second World War. During the war, China, along with the UK, France, and Russia, were referred to as "trusteeship of the powerful" and were recognized as the Allied "Big Four" in the Declaration of the United Nations. Along with the other three great powers, China was one of the four major Allies of World War II but soon China realised that it was alone after all and it was proved ominously when France fell to the Germans in 1940 and Britain opened negotiations with Nazi Germany much to the protests of Chiang Kai Shek and Chinese people. With the signing of the British-German armistice and anti-socialist alliance, China and Russia were left alone. Chiang Kai Shek pledged that ‘‘we would eat grass and sacrifice our lives but will never surrender to the fascists’’. China and Russia continued their struggle against the Japanese and Germans. Russia supplied China with superior technology, war materials, and volunteer pilots which proved to be a turning point in the war. China was surprised when Britain once again declared war against Nazi Germany with the support of the United States this time. Soon the war concluded and the Russian struggle against Germany and the ultimate sacrifice of the Russian people defeated the Nazis on May 9th, 1945. With the war in Europe coming to an end Russians and Chinese combined assault on Manchuria began and was taken back. Japan formally surrendered to China and Russia on September 2, 1945, thus concluding the war in Pacific and WWII was over. China emerged as one of the primary victors in the war alongside Russia. After the surrender of Japan in 1945, Taiwan, including the Pescadores, was handed over to Chinese control. China emerged victorious but war-ravaged and financially drained. The continued distrust between the Kuomintang and the Communists led to the resumption of civil war.

the CCP had declared several areas of the country as the Chinese Soviet Republic (Jiangxi Soviet), in November 1931 in Ruijin, Jiangxi. The Jiangxi Soviet was wiped out by the KMT armies in 1934 and was relocated to Yan'an in Shaanxi where the Long March concluded in 1935. It would be the base of the communists before major combat in the Chinese Civil War ended in 1949. Afterwards, the KMT gain control of most of mainland China, the CCP was eradicated and every communist or communist sympathizer was clamped down upon. Some CCP members went underground and some retreated offshore to the United States, reducing the communist influence in China. Russia heavily supported China in the civil war against Communists much to the dismay of the USA and Russian support was crucial in helping the nationalists win the civil war.

On 1 October 1949, KMT Chairman and President of the republic Generalissimo Chiang kai Shek formally proclaimed the end of the civil war and reinstatement of authority and control over the whole country unifying China with a ceremony and inaugural military parade in Tiananmen Square, Beijing. In 1950, the KMT started the reconstruction of China, implemented capitalist policies and incorporated Tibet. In the aftermath of the civil war, China vehemently clamped down upon any communist elements and accelerated the education of the populace and started the industrialisation of the nation.

The government consolidated its popularity among the peasants through land reform, education reforms, and health reforms among others. KMT also provided special privileges to the western businessmen and entrepreneurs who were fleeing the communist governments in Britain, the USA, France, and Germany. This boosted the Chinese economy with western expertise and Russian money China soon became the fastest growing economy in the world growing at 11.4% annually.
China became the most capitalist country in the world and was industrialising at a pace never seen before. With the help of German, American and Russian scientists China tested its first nuclear bomb. The first of China's nuclear weapons tests took place in 1954, and its first hydrogen bomb test occurred in 1957. The Chinese population experienced a massive explosion, large literacy rates and wealth never seen before. At the same time, China promoted anti-Marxist proxies in South America, Europe and Africa to overthrow the communist governments in the Western hemisphere. Kai Shek vowed to ‘‘confront the communist and Marxists on all fronts’’. China signed the Cooperative Treaty along with Russia to confront the Panama pact in 1966.
Even though China has experienced massive growth and increases in literacy rates, military power and wealth it still has to counter the communists on Korean Peninsula and Japan.
And now as China and Russia seek to contain the United States and its cronies will Cold War turn hot?

RP Examples: You can see my posts here.
#WWU! Do NOT Remove!

[Dogutrakya]

NATION APPLICATION

Democratic Republic of Brazil - República Democrática do brasil
Brazil

Government Type: Unitary Marxist one-party state

Brazillian politics are governed by the Constitution of 1936, which founded the Democratic Republic of Brazil and placed the Communist Party of Brazil as the vanguard party of the communist nation. Brazil differs from other communist states of the world, that embraced DeLeonism, in that all cooperatives and unions are formed within the frame of the Communist Party, allowing greater state intervention. Founders of the Communist Party took inspiration from Vladimir Lenin as well as Daniel De Leon, resulting in Brazil's political system being a hybrid of the two interpretations of Marxism.

Brazil is subdivided into 20 regions, called conselho (lit. "council", in the same sense of "soviet" to the Soviet Union), including the capital city of Rio de Janeiro. Conselhos are further divided into município (municipalities). Each conselho is led by a Party Secretary elected by registered voters - only the Communist Party of Brazil is allowed to participate in elections. Brazil's unicameral legislature, the Supreme Council, seats 500 representatives of each electoral district spread across the country. Representatives can be recalled by constituents at any time. Brazil's Supreme Court is the only institution that is (nominally) independent from Communist Party control; justice candidates are first popularly elected, then elected as justices by the Supreme Council.

While Angola is technically a sovereign country, the Brazillian military and the MPLA (some of which members are also members of the Brazillian Communist Party) is responsible for defense and government, respectively. The Brazillian military is currently training regiments to be integrated to Angola's professional force, and insurgents that would destabilize anti-communist countries in Africa.

Head of State: Chairman Luís Carlos Prestes, General Secretary of thre Communist Party of Brazil



Head of Government: Chairman Luís Carlos Prestes

Capital: Rio de Janeiro

Population: 79,000,000

Military Population: 350,000 active, 120,000 reservists

Territory: Brazil, Angola

Territorial Conflicts:
Brazil is heavily supporting the communist regime in Angola, to the point of sending Brazillian administrators to help the MPLA. Brazil also supports communist regimes across Africa and South America.

Alignment: de jure Unaligned, de facto Panama Pact

History: Brazil's Communist Uprising of 1935 was one of the swiftest and most successful communist uprisings of any country, which resulted in the conservative regime of Getulio Vargas being overthrown and replaced by a military junta controlled by communist Army officers. Contrary to the expectations of senior Army leaders, many soldiers in the bottom ranks supported Brazil's communist movement, and when this element of the Army struck in November 1935, major cities of Brazil outside of the capital became violent battlegrounds. São Paulo and Minas Gerais were quickly taken by communist officers with the support of labor unions. In the countryside, the communists rallied poor farmers and disenfranchised blacks alike to capture military bases. Within a week, the Vargas government was paralyzed; the communist officers besieged Catete Palace, broke into the building, and paraded Vargas upon the streets of Rio de Janeiro.

The revolutionary officers soon organized a convention in December, a few days before Christmas. A new government soon formed, headed by Brazillian Communist Party cadres, without the influence of landlords from São Paulo and Minas Gerais (which had controlled Brazillian politics before Vargas came into power, and soon after). All left-leaning parties were absorbed into the Brazillian Communist Party. Army officers surrounded Candelária church during Christmas mass, forcing the Archbishop to deliver a sermon supporting the new Communist regime and denouncing Vargas. In January, the government organized a snap election, though Communist Party candidates made up ninety percent of the ballot. However, the Chamber of Deputies and a new cabinet was not officially convened until 25th March 1936 (athough they have started sessions earlier), the anniversary of the Brazillian Communist Party, and the establishment of a new constitution. The country's name was officially changed to the Democratic Republic of Brazil; other political parties are banned. The new government, led by Luís Carlos Prestes - the officer who started the 1935 uprising - began to organize Brazil into new political subdivisions. The Brazillian Senate was abolished, as there was no senate election in January. The Chamber of Deputies was renamed Supreme Council; states were reorganized into "councils".

With full control of the government, Prestes set out to drastically reform the country. Major industries and agricultural estates were nationalized, but the former owners were kept as supervisors to manage the business so that they would still be profitable during transition. Eventually, the workers would take control of their respective businesses, but those that are elected as supervisors need a graduate economic degree. However, small businesses can be owned privately. Corruption is punishable with the death penalty. Prestes's government launched a massive campaign of literacy and education for children up to nine years, including impoverished, disenfranchised native and black children. The Brazillian state deforested large swathes of the Amazon to give to formerly tenant farmers as part of a land reform package, and started to mine the natural resources inside. Prestes started the first public housing program in the southern hemisphere, creating residential towns that would exist accompanying industrial, retail, and agricultural towns. The state allocated three percent of its annual GDP for education between 1936 and 1950, and established dozens of universities across Brazil. Furthermore, he divided the Brazillian Communist Party into opposing camps of moderates and radicals, ostensibly to maintain choice in an one-party state. Brazil's economy grew rapidly in the following decades, becoming one of the world's major exporters of natural resources and processed goods. Brazil conducts a successful nuclear test in 1956, and a hydrogen bomb test in 1959 at the Brigadeiro Velloso test site, deep in the Cachimbo mountains. For now, the Brazillian government is looking to utilize nuclear as a source of energy.

Brazil's interference in Angola dates back after the conclusion of WWII, with the Brazillian government giving support to the communist and Pan-African factions in Angola in oppposition to the right-wing parties. MPLA, a communist, Pan-Africanist political party received much of Brazil's support, with Brazillians arming and training their paramilitaries in the Angolan Civil War. Eventually, the nation stabilized, and although Brazillian influence is very much present, they are looking to withdraw from Angola very soon and support further insurgencies against the Royalist French presence in Africa.

RP Examples:
#WWU! Do NOT Remove!

[Nationalist Northumbria]

Reserve Northumbria.

[The V O I D]

Will be reviewing apps ASAP. Might take a bit, but I expect to update the roster sometime today. The first version of the Map will be completed/added to the OP by Monday or so.

EDIT: Also, Northumbria. No. You really didn't even bother reading the OP. Do not post in my thread again, please.

[Union Princes]

Im pretty sure Im the fascist France here since my government is very anti communist and anti democratic in general

[Eud Mirabilis]

NATION APPLICATION


Flag
Democratic People's Republic of Korea 조선민주주의인민공화국
Korea

Government Type: Socialist Unitary Presidential Republic. The government is divided by direct and indirect elections, where the People's Representative is decided by popular election. Meanwhile the legislative People's Assembly (which in practice holds the majority of political power) consists of 281 members, 280 of which are elected in so-called Worker's Assemblies organized at the district level. The People's Representative is also considered a member of the People's Assembly, however they may not be elected to the 15-member Governor's Committee which nominates an Honorary Chairman among themselves to serve as the Head of Government.
Head of State: Honorary People's Representative Ho Hon of the Korean People's Party
Head of Government: Honorary Chairman Paek Nam-un of the Korean People's Party
Capital: Seoul
Population: 39,400,000
Military Population: 480,000 Active 100,000 Reserve
Territory: Same borders as the People's Republic of Korea
Territorial Conflicts: - Tensions along the Chinese border however not a hot conflict
- Possibility of a political uprising on Jeju Island
Alignment: PANPACT
History:

After the Second World War and subsequent liberation of Korea. The Korean Provisional government, initially propped up in 1945 as a pro-Russian republic, soon became the crux of a conflict of spheres of influence between the American Union State and Republic of China. The waning focus of Russia on the Korean Peninsula due to brewing tension in Europe and the growing tension between Pro-China and Pro-American ideologies eventually culminated in the election of 1948 where Lyuh Woon-hyung organized the Korean Nationalist Coalition, declaring an "Alternate Way" that focused on Korean independence and non-alignment. The government of Lyuh Woon-hyung seemed to promise the potential of a new economic miracle within Korea, leading it out of previous decades of devastation due to war.

However, the centrist nature and independent nature of the government had extreme detractors, backed by both Pro-China and Pro-American groups. Despite the successes of the government and Lyuh Woon-hyung's optimism towards the "Alternate Way" as a solution for Korea, 1951 saw what was known as the Han River Uprising following the assassination of Lyuh Woon-hyung by a possibly American backed member of the Korean Liberation Front. In the ensuing turmoil the Pro-Chinese Korean Independence Front and Pro-American Korean Liberation Front took arms against each other and the Korean National Coalition. After an intense 2 years of political turmoil, the Korean Liberation Front finally established a coherent control over the Korean peninsula with numerous crackdowns under General Im Sung-ki who acted as the dictatorial "provisional regent of the Korean people." The brutal rule of Im Sung-ki lasted until 1956 when he died in a suspicious accident. In 1956, a now once again economically and politically devasated Korea held it's first election where the purely militaristic Korean Liberation Front was replaced by the more intellectual Korean People's Party under People's Representative Ho Hon and Chairman Paek Nam-un while under the sway of American and Japanese aid. In 1959 Korea, seeking to ensure its economic and political survival joined the Panama Pact along with its neighbor Japan. Now, finally stabilized in 1960, the Korean government hopes to finally achieve its promised miracle from the 1940's, while also navigating the intricacies of the Panama Pact and dealing with the looming threat of China.

RP Examples:

July 7th, 1959
Seoul, Korea

It was a hotter summer than most. Even the Chairman, Paek Nam-un, who usually hated opening the windows in his rather dingy office, let open the windows so the less muggy could air drift into the room to at least make it a bit more comfortable. Wiping sweat from his brow he returned to his desk, where his phone line made a monotone clicking sound letting him know that his trusted delegate Kun Min'gyu, 14,000 kilometers away across the Pacific was still with him. Min'gyu's job was simple, just sign a sheet of paper, shake hands, and get back to Seoul, but something about it was stressful, He sighed, looking down at the document before him "Accords of the Panama Pact." He tried to imagine himself days ahead, in an open car with the People's Representative Ho Hon, who much preferred public events, waving a newspaper headlined "Korea joins the Panama Pact" with smiles of victory and beaming eyes of progress surrounding them, but that didn't change how the decision and its almost unbearable weight felt.

Just 6 days earlier, Paek Nam-un was involved in a bitter discussion in a room only 3 doors down the hall. The hall of the Governor's Committee where debate could rage on for hours among Korea's most esteemed comrades. In particular, An Jae-Sun an older yet fiery politician and once independence fighter, who recollected a bit too fondly the ideals of Lyuh Woon-hyung, and who had understandably no fond recollection of the Japanese occupation and war, lambasted the Panama Pact. He decried it a death sentence, an awaiting permit for Korea to become another country's, in this case China's, pitiful colony. To be honest Nam-un sympathized with him, even tempted the idea of nodding in agreement, but Korea needed something to hold onto... Some kind of progress to feel good about, even if it meant toeing the fine line between peace and war. Thinking back on his economics lectures ages ago a hazy quote drifted onto his tongue, "No rewards without risk." But of course that didn't mean the risk was any easier. Grimacing, he flipped through pages he had read through 100 times already, if anything he just wanted this feeling to go away. And just before he was about to get up for a smoke, the line buzzed "Hello, sir, we've signed it."

#WWU! Do NOT Remove!

[Arvenia]

Is Scandinavia available?

[Anansistan]

Reserve British West Africa. Thinking of doing an alliance of anti-colonial states

[Thai Sweet Billy]

Gonna reserve a non communist Kenya, with a plan to ally with Uganda later.

[Empire of Donner land]

I would like to reserve Rhodesia, thanks!

[Veroxia]

Reserving Tanzania and Zanzibar if possible.

[Arvenia]

Do we have a map yet?

[Empire of Donner land]

NATION APPLICATION


Formal Nation Name Free Republic of Rhodesia / Vrye Republiek van Rhodesië
Informal/Casual Nation Name Rhodesia

Government Type: Representative Democracy, Rhodesia has separated its territory into smaller provinces that elect representatives to a congress, which serves as the legislature to police the Executive. The system of checks and balances is of course completed with an appointed judiciary, who is in charge of ensuring that the state adheres to the 1952 Constitution. This constitution is not perfect and mimics much of the U.S Constitution of the recent past, but Rudi Cilliers calls it Africa's next best chance to unify against the power blocs of the world which seek to dominate her for their own ends.

Head of State: President Rudi Cilliers

Head of Government: President Rudi Cilliers

Capital: Salisbury

Population: 3.7 Million

Military Population: 111,000

Territory: Rhodesia/Zimbabwe

Territorial Conflicts: None

Alignment: A.C.P.M (African Continental Protection Movement)

History:

The face of Africa was changed forever when the Union of South Africa and Rhodesia was ratified. With Europe no longer within reach of the continent, thanks to the ongoing chaos of World War 2 and its destructive aftermath, the commonwealth's grasp over one of the jewels of the continent slipped. Rhodesia, like South Africa, refused to back the Nazi War Machine with its rare metals and resources. Thanks to the war, many scientists and engineers fled from Britain and other states ravaged by conflict, they would come to the one place which offered a sanctuary of neutrality in the rocky waves of the post-war world.

The people of Rhodesia and South Africa would unify under a sense of newfound Afrikaan solidarity during this time. Then would unite fully against these new threats in the form of the CTO and PANPACT that would take their newfound independence and freedoms away from them. Rudi Cilliers, a young and up-and-coming Politician would be elected in 1949 during a peaceful campaign sponsored and supported by South Africa. He was at first thought of as a revolutionary, but his common sense politics and economic ideals would capture the moderates, and sway all sides to his ideology for an Africa for all Africans.

His stance on working towards equality and his slogan "Two Colors, One Struggle", and his hard stance against European dominance over the Great Continent, were ratified in Rhodesia's 1952 Constitution. He would sway that their greatest enemies are not each other, but the outside powers that would see them both be enslaved in the chains of either Communism or Reactionary Fascism. With their allies in South Africa, they would go on to gather political support from other freed and nascent African states to form an organization of their own, the African Continental Protection Movement.

Entering the 60s, Rhodesia and South Africa would solidify their relations by reiterating that the A.C.P.M is not just a political or economic treaty, but a mutual defense pact at the Cape Town Treaty of 1959. Forever declaring that they would defend with their blood the economic and political independence of the Great Continent with the hope that Africa would not only be united for one struggle, but united for that struggle under one flag.

RP Examples: Halo: Trepidation
Ace Combat: Broken Line


#WWU! Do NOT Remove!

I would like to mention I'm making this app in cooperation with another person who will be playing South Africa.

[Ubaria]

Reserving South Africa!