I channel hopped onto a documentary on Thalidomide and it was developed by scientists from the Nazi era(not surprising considering the timeframe) - at lest one worked in the regime/death camps.
This triggered this thread as I think it might make an interesting discussion. If you wanted you could stretch back to the 1st World War as Hitler wouldn't have taken over a party who's politics weren't anything like they turned into.
Scientific development was accelerated in jet engines and aircraft - Heinkel He 178
rocketry-satellites, man on the moon, hubble
medicine/chemistry- (unbethical)eugenic studies expanded knowledge
radar
(drumroll) computing
Socially- The EU, Nato, the creation of Israel(and ongoing problems), motorways, the modern olympics, expansion of communism, welfare state in uk
There must be more, but hopefully this provides something to get your teeth into.