Passed General Assembly Resolutions

[Imperium Anglorum]

Repeal "Renewable Energy Installations"
A resolution to repeal previously passed legislation.

Category: Repeal
Resolution: #236
Proposed by: Mosktopia

Description: WA Resolution #236: Renewable Energy Installations (Category: Environmental; Industry Affected: All Businesses) shall be struck out and rendered null and void.

Argument: The General Assembly:

Notes that GAR #236, "Renewable Energy Installations," seeks to make the world a more eco-friendly place; but

Documents that GAR #236 defines a renewable energy installation (REI) as "facilities which will generate power derived from naturally occurring resources that will have the least impact and damage on the environment through their operation," which is an unreasonably strict definition and automatically excludes a large number of power-generating methods and facilities that are renewable, efficient, and very eco-friendly simply because they are not the absolute least-impacting facilities one could imagine;

Recalls that Clause (ii) of GAR #236 reads: "(ii) Having identified suitable sites within their borders, nations without renewable energy installations must build R.E.I.s at the designated sites, provided the nation is in an economically viable position to do so;"

Believes that the strict definition of REI makes it unlikely that many member nations will be in an economically viable position to actually build said REIs - making the positive environmental impact of this resolution minimal, at best;

Notes that Clause (i) of GAR #236 reads: "(i) Nations who do not already possess R.E.I's to identify key areas where the placement of facilities would cause the least environmental disturbance," which unfortunately does not allow member nations to designate REI locations based on ease of construction, access, and/or maintenance, but rather focuses only on the narrow issue of ensuring the least possible environmental disturbance - forcing those member nations who can afford to build REIs to do so in suboptimal places;

Understands that Clauses (i) and (ii) of GAR #236, together require nations to identify areas where REIs would cause the least environmental disturbance and build REIs on those sites, even if:

1. The nation does not need any more energy facilities,

2. The nation is already entirely reliant on clean energy,

3. The site is of historical or cultural significance,

4. There is already something of great value built on the site,

5. Building a power generating facility on the site would be foolhardy or dangerous, and/or

6. The nation would rather spend the considerable resources necessary to build a power generating facility on other equally environmentally-friendly projects, such as wetlands restoration or recycling centers;

Acknowledges that if GAR #236 is repealed, member nations can still demonstrate a commitment to renewable energy via national legislation, international agreements, and through the free choices of individual citizens;

Hereby repeals General Assembly Resolution #236, "Renewable Energy Installations".

Co-authored by Mousebumples

Votes For: 10,385
Votes Against: 1,944

Implemented Tue Dec 3 2013

[WAR274 on NS] [WAR274 on NSwiki] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Repeal "Cultural Heritage Protection"
A resolution to repeal previously passed legislation.

Category: Repeal
Resolution: #72
Proposed by: The Dourian Embassy

Description: WA Resolution #72: Cultural Heritage Protection (Category: Education and Creativity; Area of Effect: Cultural Heritage) shall be struck out and rendered null and void.

Argument: The World Assembly,

Understanding that culturally significant sites are important cornerstones to many societies,

Regretting, however, that Cultural Heritage Protection(GA#72) fails to perform its function without placing an undue burden on WA nations,

Knowing that GA#72 "DEFINES a cultural heritage site as a [sic] area of interest, archeological, historical, or cultural to any member nation within its own jurdisticion [sic]" regardless of that site's current use,

Lamenting that any site, even those of incredibly minor "archeological, historical, or cultural" importance, may be designated as protected at the whim of the nation housing such a site,

Accepting that, regardless of its cultural importance, a site used to house military weapons, soldiers, prisoners of war, or used as a base for espionage should be a valid target for military attack or liberation,

Bemoaning that, while cultural sites are often housed in or near population centers, GA#72 may encourage the use of cultural sites to house military assets because of the protections it provides,

Believing that GA#72 was never intended to provide protection for military assets,

Regretting that this error has been left uncorrected despite open acknowledgement by nations involved in writing the resolution,

Hereby repeals Cultural Heritage Protection(GA#72).

Votes For: 8,859
Votes Against: 3,166

Implemented Sat Dec 7 2013

[WAR275 on NS] [WAR275 on NSwiki] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Repeal "The Early Learning Act"
A resolution to repeal previously passed legislation.

Category: Repeal
Resolution: #230
Proposed by: The Black Hat Guy

Description: WA Resolution #230: The Early Learning Act (Category: Education and Creativity; Area of Effect: Educational) shall be struck out and rendered null and void.

Argument: The General Assembly,

Sympathizing with the desire to promote education in all nations;

Realizing that “demand among parents and guardians for early learning facilities” as specified in Clause 1 of the target resolution, can be unreasonable, and the resolution provides no redress to ensure that the demand among parents and guardians that is fulfilled is reasonable and beneficial, thus opening avenues for abuse such as:

• The use of early learning as a free long term care center,
  
  
• The demand for excessive numbers of teachers, establishments, or other resources that the government cannot reasonably provide,
  
  
• The demand to teach in sparsely populated areas or disaster zones in which it would be excessively onerous to provide access to early learning,
  
  
• The teaching of children that are too young to benefit from early learning;

Further Realizing that the inability of a nation to meet every demand without subsequent deterioration of other priorities makes the target resolution improperly burdensome;

Understanding that conventional education is also important, and this resolution may force member nations to reduce necessary funds from conventional education in order to meet the demands for early learning;

Concerned that many of the guidelines established by the resolution are unnecessarily strict and lead to unintended consequences, notably:

• Teaching styles differ by nation, by culture, and over time, and thus focusing on "five key areas" prohibit nations from specializing their programs to their individual needs,
  
  
• The teaching of children with special needs, who may learn differently and need different guidance that is not recognized by the resolution and is restricted by the aforementioned "five key areas", which must be adhered to even when detrimental,
  
  
• The requirement that early learning be held in "settings outside the home or family", which precludes the possibility of family members aiding in early learning;

Regretting that this resolution reduces standards of education in member nations;

Believing that individual nations can create and maintain their own early learning facilities to a much better standard if this resolution is repealed;

Hereby repeals GA #230, “The Early Learning Act”.

Co-authored by The Dourian Embassy

Votes For: 9,605
Votes Against: 2,535

Implemented Thu Dec 19 2013

[WAR276 on NS] [WAR276 on NSwiki] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Repeal "Dignified End of Life Choices"
A resolution to repeal previously passed legislation.

Category: Repeal
Resolution: #54
Proposed by: The Dourian Embassy

Description: WA Resolution #54: Dignified End of Life Choices (Category: Human Rights; Strength: Strong) shall be struck out and rendered null and void.

Argument: The World Assembly,

Understanding that "Dignified End of Life Choices"(GA#54) attempts to provide euthanasia services to those who might reasonably seek them,

Realizing that Clause 5 reads: "This resolution shall not preclude a nation from enacting an assisted suicide law that is less or more restrictive than this resolution, so long as said law complies with Sections 4 (D) and 4 (E)",

Regretting that Clause 5 negates the bulk of the protections provided in the preceding clauses of GA#54, which opens up a whole host of concerns, which include:

* The patient in question will not be required to actually request the administration of lethal drugs,
* There is no need to ensure that a patient's request is voluntary, and
* Patients may be forbidden from rescinding a request for the administration of lethal drugs prior to their administration,

Believing that patients seeking euthanasia should be accorded greater protections than those accorded by this flawed resolution,

Encouraging the World Assembly to consider additional legislation on this subject,

Hereby repeals "Dignified End of Life Choices"(GA#54).

Co-authored by Mousebumples.

Votes For: 8,972
Votes Against: 2,383

Implemented Mon Dec 23 2013

[WAR277 on NS] [WAR277 on NSwiki] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Repeal "Anti-Cyberterrorism Act "
A resolution to repeal previously passed legislation.

Category: Repeal
Resolution: #100
Proposed by: The Dourian Embassy

Description: WA Resolution #100: Anti-Cyberterrorism Act (Category: International Security; Strength: Mild) shall be struck out and rendered null and void.

Argument: The World Assembly,

Understanding that the "Anti-Cyberterrorism Act"(GA#100) seeks to limit acts of cyberterrorism,

Regretting, however, that the resolution defines cyberterrorism as "any premeditated, politically or ideologically motivated attack or threat thereof, through the use of information technology... by sub-national groups or agents,"

Knowing that the inclusion of the term "sub-national" was intended to limit the resolution's effects to the efforts of non-state actors, but also knowing that the term "sub-national" specifically refers to the administrative divisions of a national entity,

Bemoaning the fact that this definition limits the ability of nations to engage in cyber warfare,

Believing that cyber warfare may be used as an alternative to conventional warfare, and result in less loss of life than a conventional attack,

Accepting that even if the author's intent with regards to the term "sub-national" were to be respected, the resolution still severely limits the ability of nations to engage in cyber warfare and maintain plausible deniability of actions that may provoke conventional attacks as a response,

Cognizant that this resolution will continue to cause more harm than good as long as it remains in place,

Hereby repeals "Anti-Cyberterrorism Act"(GA#100).

Votes For: 8,921
Votes Against: 2,301

Implemented Sun Jan 12 2014

[WAR278 on NS] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Right of Emigration
A resolution to improve worldwide human and civil rights.

Category: Human Rights
Strength: Significant
Proposed by: Abacathea

Description: Committed to improving the world, one resolution at a time,

Cognizant of the fact that some nations may recognize their citizens as property of that nation and therefore deny them the right to leave said nation,

Determining this to be a gross abuse of sapient rights and seeking to resolve this issue,

Hereby,

Mandates that no government may prevent the emigration of individuals from their nation,

Declares that individuals may specifically be exempted from the aforementioned mandate if:
(a) They are subject to a medically legitimate and necessary quarantine,
(b) They are awaiting trial, undergoing legal proceedings, or if they are carrying out a sentence as a result of such legal proceedings,
(c) They have a warrant existing for their arrest,
(d) The recipient nation or the nation of origin having probable cause to believe that the individual is traveling for the purpose of committing a crime,
(e) The individuals concerned are non-emancipated minors traveling without the consent of a legal guardian,
(f) They are legitimately determined to be mentally unable to make the decision to travel of their own accord,

Clarifying that nothing in this resolution prevents member nations from setting requirements for entry and residency within their borders.

Votes For: 9,026
Votes Against: 2,627

Implemented Thu Jan 16 2014

[WAR279 on NS] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Repeal "International Radio Act"
A resolution to repeal previously passed legislation.

Category: Repeal
Resolution: #75
Proposed by: Milograd

Description: WA Resolution #75: International Radio Act (Category: Free Trade; Strength: Mild) shall be struck out and rendered null and void.

Argument: The World Assembly,

Realizing that GA#75 "International Radio Act" intends to establish certain regulations on radio signals,

Fearing, however, that GA#75's intentions are undermined by the resolution's flaws, which include:

• The resolution's fifth clause, which allows the "unrestricted use of any radio power and frequency in the immediate protection of life or property in situations", which includes radio frequencies and radio power which could be harmful to life,
  
  
• Requirements that nations must maintain radio services dedicated to services such as spacecraft communication, aircraft communication, and radiolocation which are wholly inefficient and financially wasteful to nations that do not need such services,
  
  
• The International Radiocommunications Commission's requirement to set general frequency allocations internationally will result in pre-existing radio signals with designated uses having to be uprooted for the sake of achieving this objective, and therefore the resolution inhibits governmental, corporate, and hobby radio operations by forcing them to move away from the frequency that they are accustomed to using,

Understanding that this resolution exposes civilians to highly powerful waves, which can cause long-term health issues such as cancer,

Believing that such risks can easily be mitigated with appropriate regulation on this matter, which the existence of this resolution prohibits the World Assembly from considering,

Regretting the unnecessary expense imposed upon WA member nations, as this resolution requires nations to maintain radio services that they do not use or need within their borders,

Encouraging the World Assembly to pursue more refined legislation regarding regulating radio signals and their uses,

Hereby Repeals "International Radio Act" (GA#75).

Co-authored by The Dourian Embassy.

Votes For: 9,609
Votes Against: 1,417

Implemented Mon Jan 20 2014

[WAR280 on NS] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Industrial Pollution Control [Struck out by Resolution #283]
A resolution to increase the quality of the world's environment, at the expense of industry.

Category: Environmental
Industry Affected: All Businesses
Proposed by: Sakash

Description: The World Assembly;

AWARE that industrial growth may be essential for economic development, and one of the main sources of employment in many Member Nations,

CONCERNED however, that industrial pollution may negatively impact a nation's environment and population,

WORRIED that unregulated pollution from industries disproportionately affect the poorest segments of society causing social injustice,

CONVINCED that without proper safeguards, industrial pollution may have a detrimental effect on environmental health and public safety resulting in extreme hazard to the population of the nation,

DETERMINED to ensure that a proper balance is struck between economic development and environmental and public health,

ENCOURAGING Member Nations to promote environmentally friendly industry,

1. DEFINES "Threshold of environmental quality" as: "The level of environmental degradation beyond which an area is deemed unsafe for population or unable to sustain natural flora and fauna",

2. DEFINES "pollution" as chemical and energy contaminants that cause adverse change in the environment or the health of a population,

3. TASKS the World Assembly Science Program (WASP) with the following duties:
i. To collect and publish annual reports on industrial pollution in Member Nations,
ii. To work with Member Nations to assess thresholds of environmental quality for their environments,
iii. To help Member Nations assess total economic loss to the nations and their population due to industrial pollution,
iv. To work with Member Nations to estimate the economic viability of adapting the nations' thresholds of environmental quality and to produce suitable recommended targets for pollution reduction,
v. To revise these recommended targets with the changes in economic conditions of the Member Nations,
vi. To promote and encourage research and development to reduce industrial pollution, recycling waste where possible, and improve pollution monitoring,

4. MANDATES Member Nations to implement the following:
i. To adapt thresholds of environmental quality and implementation of pollution reduction targets recommended by WASP,
ii. To establish policies aimed at reaching pollution reduction targets and monitor and ensure compliance with these policies,
iii. To promote pollution control by creating awareness about pollution control measures and technologies, and to encourage research and development efforts in reduction of pollution,
iv. Criminalize violations of this act, with enforcement suitable to the Member Nation,
v. To establish policies that aim to prevent pollution from the nation's industries from causing harm in other nations,

5. ENCOURAGES Nations to promote energy conservation, carbon neutrality and landscaping efforts in and around industries where possible,

6. CLARIFIES that nothing in this act prevents member nations from providing aid, financial, technical, or otherwise, to companies in order to meet the requirements of this act.

Votes For: 7,446
Votes Against: 4,361

Implemented Tue Jan 28 2014

[WAR281 on NS] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Repeal "Protect War Correspondents"
A resolution to repeal previously passed legislation.

Category: Repeal
Resolution: #170
Proposed by: The Dourian Embassy

Description: WA Resolution #170: Protect War Correspondents (Category: Human Rights; Strength: Significant) shall be struck out and rendered null and void.

Argument: The World Assembly,

Aware of the intent of "Protect War Correspondents"(GA#170),

Deploring however, that GA#170 fails in many regards to afford adequate protections to war correspondents,

Accepting that clause one of GA#170 states that militants are prohibited from interacting with war correspondents "with the intent of stymieing their actions", regardless of what those actions are, and knowing that such prohibitions are overly burdensome to enforce,

Understanding that clause one also states that member states "shall be held accountable" for the behavior of individual militants towards war correspondents, without any regard for the intent or actions of those member states in attempting to limit behavior that violates the resolution,

Noting that clause four states: "Individual member-states may deny war correspondents access to their territory, and as such, war correspondents must adhere to standard immigration policies prior to entering; war correspondents that enter without proper verification are exempt from all protection granted by the provisions of this resolution,"

Believing that nations in a state of belligerence often have differing views on the existence and position of borders between them and that such differences can result in immigration policies that are impossible to properly adhere to, thus limiting the extent of the protections supposedly afforded,

Further believing that a nation can deny access to their territory through immigration policies that discriminate against war correspondents, which seriously reduces GA#170's effectiveness,

Further noting that clause five declares: "War correspondents may aid any belligerent during conflict; by doing so, their protection will be nullified until post-conflict, exclusive of self-defense,"

Regretting that clause five would allow war correspondents to engage in espionage, only losing their protections after gathering the information and aiding a particular side of the conflict successfully,

Deducing that clause six is both vague and poorly worded, using the phrase "compromising the war effort" to describe a situation in which war correspondents would have their "immunity relinquished", and thus be "subject to persecution by the afflicted nation", which is problematic for the following reasons:

* "Compromising the war effort" is a vague catch-all term which can be applied to literally any reporting done by a war correspondent that portrays a nation in a negative manner,

* "Relinquished" describes a process of voluntary action, rather than what should be an involuntary action such as "nullified" which was used in clause five,

* "Persecution" is an entirely inappropriate term for reprisal in a war zone against those who, as the clause was likely intended to outline, use the protections afforded by the resolution to assist another nation in their war efforts,

Concluding, as the original authoring nation did, that the myriad of flaws present in this resolution necessitate its repeal,

Hereby repeals "Protect War Correspondents"(GA#170).

Co-Authored by Venico.

Votes For: 5,928
Votes Against: 4,926

Implemented Sat Feb 1 2014

[WAR282 on NS] [Official Forum Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Repeal "Industrial Pollution Control "
A resolution to repeal previously passed legislation.

Category: Repeal
Resolution: #281
Proposed by: Auralia

Description: WA Resolution #281: Industrial Pollution Control (Category: Environmental; Industry Affected: All Businesses) shall be struck out and rendered null and void.

Argument: Affirming the need to reduce pollution to reasonable levels,

Regretting that the flaws present in GAR #281, "Industrial Pollution Control", necessitate its repeal,

Remarking in general that the target resolution's substantial lack of clarity makes it very difficult for member nations to discern their obligations under the resolution,

Noting the target resolution defines "threshold of environmental quality" as "the level of environmental degradation beyond which an area is deemed unsafe for population or unable to sustain natural flora and fauna",

Concerned that this definition does not distinguish between areas that are permanently as opposed to only temporarily unable to sustain native flora or fauna, and excludes areas that are able to sustain an equivalent level of biodiversity through non-native flora or fauna,

Distressed that this definition also fails to take into account the limited relevance of whether or not an area is unsafe for population when no population is actually present in that area, as well as that it is sometimes necessary to permanently make an area unsafe for population in order to safely dispose of dangerous materials, such as nuclear waste,

Perplexed that the target resolution only appears to require that member nations "adapt" (as opposed to "adopt") thresholds of environmental quality,

Further noting that the target resolution defines "pollution" as "chemical and energy contaminants that cause adverse change in the environment or the health of a population",

Dismayed by the lack of clarity as to what exactly constitutes an "energy contaminant" or an "adverse change in the environment or the health of a population", as well as the lack of any distinction between "pollution" and "industrial pollution" even though both terms are used throughout the resolution,

Confused by the target resolution's contradictory mandates with respect to pollution reduction targets, for which implementation is merely "recommended" in clause 3(iv) yet apparently required in clauses 4(i) and 4(ii),

Alarmed by the lack of an appeals process or even any clearly established criteria for the World Assembly Science Program's determination of pollution reduction targets, which - assuming the implementation of pollution targets is actually required - allows the Program to arbitrarily restrict industries in World Assembly member nations without any accountability,

The General Assembly,

Repeals GAR #281, "Industrial Pollution Control".

Votes For: 8,029
Votes Against: 3,036

Implemented Mon Feb 17 2014

[WAR283 on NS] [Official Forum Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Repeal "Ethics in International Trade"
A resolution to repeal previously passed legislation.

Category: Repeal
Resolution: #118
Proposed by: Sciongrad

Description: WA Resolution #118: Ethics in International Trade (Category: Advancement of Industry; Area of Effect: Protective Tariffs) shall be struck out and rendered null and void.

Argument: The General Assembly,

CONDEMNING the detrimental nature of internationally mandated protectionism on the world economy as imposed by GAR#118, "Ethics in International Trade," especially considering the ineffective means by which the original resolutions seeks to accomplish its goals,

ALARMED that the World Assembly's economic intervention may disrupt the value of goods based on traditional factors caused by competition and instead place monetary value in social and ethical issues,

CONCERNED that a company may fire workers, depriving them of what livelihood they had, in an attempt to offset the costs of the tariff, thus worsening the conditions of the very laborers that GAR#118 seeks to help,

REMINDING members nations of the obligations incumbent upon them to comply with extant World Assembly legislation which deals with issues of social justice and the fair treatment of workers (in greater detail than the conditions enumerated in clause 1b), such as GAR#4, "Restrictions on Child Labor," GAR#7, "Workplace Safety Standards Act," GAR#21, "Living Wage Act," GAR#23, "Ban on Slavery and Trafficking," GAR#43, "WA Labor Relations Act," GAR#107, "Clean Water Act," GAR#176, "Disability Welfare Act," and GAR#234, "Freedom to Read and Learn," and others,

CONFUSED as to the purpose of the wildly redundant and expensive system of assessment provided under the ITA's mandate, considering the issues of clause 1b are eclipsed entirely by the aforementioned guarantees provided by the World Assembly,

CONSIDERING, with the foregoing obligations already incumbent on member nations in mind, that the ITA's focus must be on non-member nations, despite not having the jurisdiction to properly assess the conditions of laborers in such nations, as they cannot be compelled to comply with investigations into their labor conditions by the World Assembly,

RECOGNIZING that non-member nations willing to submit to ITA investigation are likely to already have labor standards at least comparable to those stipulated in GAR#118, whereas non-member nations that refuse to allow investigation cannot be properly assessed anyway,

AWARE that the magnitude of information that the ITA would have to regularly assess regarding literally every product and commodity produced would inevitably result in inaccurate or inequitable rulings based on limited information,

DISPUTING the need for a bureaucracy mired by redundancy and superfluous procedures and whose mandate is crippled by its inability to properly perform its duties in non-member nations, making for a costly and thoroughly unworkable expense on member nations which benefits neither member nations, nor the workers that it seeks to aid,

ASSERTING that it is a duty of the World Assembly to facilitate worthwhile goals, such as promoting the economic well-being of member nations, not putting member nations at an economic disadvantage by instituting idealistic policies that serve as an active detriment to member nations,

Hereby,

REPEALS General Assembly Resolution #118, Ethics in International Trade.

Votes For: 8,576
Votes Against: 2,364

Implemented Fri Feb 21 2014

[WAR284 on NS] [Official Forum Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Assisted Suicide Act [Struck out by GA 592]
A resolution to improve worldwide human and civil rights.

Category: Human Rights
Strength: Mild
Proposed by: Christian Democrats

Description: The General Assembly,

Recognizing the ethical controversy surrounding assisted suicide and euthanasia,

Understanding that there are several asserted rights involved in the debate, including the "right to life" and the "right to die,"

Believing that the issues involved are far too complex for there to be a single policy forced on all cultures,

Seeking, therefore, to reach a compromise that is broadly acceptable to the member states of this august body,

1. Grants every member state, subject only to this resolution and active resolutions previously adopted by this Assembly, the authority to determine for itself the legal status of assisted suicide and euthanasia in its jurisdiction;

2. Declares that residents of member states, subject to the normal migration and travel laws, have the freedom to travel to foreign jurisdictions where assisted suicide or euthanasia is legal for the purpose of undergoing such a procedure;

3. Requires that no person be penalized in any way whatsoever either by the government or by a private party for exercising his freedom of conscience by choosing not to participate in an assisted suicide or euthanasia procedure;

4. Prohibits the use of World Assembly funds for assisted suicides and euthanasia procedures;

5. Mandates that member states that allow assisted suicide or euthanasia enact and enforce laws ensuring that all assisted suicides and euthanasia procedures are safe and consensual; and

6. Suggests that member states, for statistical purposes, submit annual reports to the World Health Authority on assisted suicides and euthanasia procedures that occurred in their jurisdictions in the previous year.

Votes For: 8,052
Votes Against: 3,385

Implemented Tue Feb 25 2014

[WAR285 on NS] [Official Forum Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Reproductive Freedoms
A resolution to improve worldwide human and civil rights.

Category: Human Rights
Strength: Significant
Proposed by: Eireann Fae

Description: BELIEVING in the reproductive rights of all individuals,

ACKNOWLEDGING that individuals may have cultural or religious misgivings regarding termination of pregnancy,

BEMOANING the fact that some nations codify such misgivings without regard for the freedom of the individuals to choose,

YEARNING to put the choice of whether or not to give birth firmly in the control of each individual;

THE WORLD ASSEMBLY

RECOGNISES that the termination of pregnancy is a medical procedure, with all the rights and protections afforded to such a practice,

MANDATES that Member Nations recognise the right of all individuals to have their pregnancies terminated through safe, openly accessible procedures,

DEMANDS that Member Nations prohibit any impediment to the termination of pregnancy that is not applied to medical procedures of similar risk and complexity,

REQUIRES Member Nations to ensure protection from targeted animosity to providers and patients of the procedures covered by this resolution,

PERMITS Member Nations to enact policies encouraging individuals to allow live delivery of their offspring, provided such policies do not ultimately hinder the individual from terminating their pregnancy,

SUGGESTS that Member Nations encouraging live deliveries take unwanted offspring into their own care.

Votes For: 7,786
Votes Against: 3,649

Implemented: Sat Mar 1 2014

[WAR286 on NS] [Official Forum Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Cultural Site Preservation
A resolution to promote funding and the development of education and the arts.

Category: Education and Creativity
Area of Effect: Cultural Heritage
Proposed by: Temple of the Maat

Description: The World Assembly,

Recognizing the abundance of sites with cultural significance within member nations and the need to preserve them for future generations,

Acknowledging the World Assembly as the perfect medium to assist with such preservation,

1. Hereby creates the World Assembly Trust for Cultural Heritage(WATCH),

2. Empowers the WATCH to perform the following actions:
a. Designate sites, in consultation with the nation housing said site, as culturally relevant,
b. Create an archive including, but not limited to, visual, verbal, and literary works that pertain to culturally relevant sites,
c. Recommend specific preservation practices to nations for their culturally relevant sites,
d. Fulfill requests by nations to assist in the preservation of sites when the nation in question is unable to do so,

3. Urges nations to follow the preservation recommendations of the WATCH,

4. Encourages all nations to make a good faith effort to preserve their culturally relevant sites, and to assist other nations in the preservation of their culturally relevant sites,

5. Mandates that nations shall take all reasonable precautions to avoid unnecessary damage to sites the WATCH has deemed culturally relevant,

6. Further mandates that nations shall not willingly use culturally relevant sites to house military or intelligence assets,

7. Requires the WATCH to grant exemptions in good faith to the protections and requirements of sections 5 and 6 for a site currently used as an intelligence or military asset in order to preserve its use as such.

Votes For: 7,075
Votes Against: 4,135

Implemented Wed Mar 5 2014

[WAR287 on NS] [Official Forum Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Right to Adequate Sanitation
A resolution to reduce income inequality and increase basic welfare.

Category: Social Justice
Strength: Significant
Proposed by: Elke and Elba

Description: The World Assembly,

UNDERSTANDING that sanitation is vital to the health and well-being of all people, and that when neglected, is a detriment to human life and may result in widespread outbreaks of disease,

BELIEVING that it is the duty of both member nations and the World Assembly to see that measures towards ensuring adequate sanitation are achieved,

FURTHER BELIEVING that it is a right of all people to equitable access to sanitation,

Hereby,

EXPANDS the mandate of the World Health Authority (WHA) to include the following:
a) Directing all appropriate funds towards investigating the causes of poor sanitation in member nations, researching solutions, and utilizing all appropriate resources to assist member nations in dealing with poor sanitary conditions and the consequences thereof,
b) Sharing all research and relevant information with member nations in an effort to mitigate the causes of poor sanitation,
c) Advising member nations based on the aforementioned research measures,
d) Funding and directing education measures, in coordination with the governments of member nations and other relevant institutions that promote improving sanitation;

REQUIRES that member nations shall take all measures practical, reasonable and necessary in providing a safe level of sanitation for their inhabitants, including but not limited to, constructing adequate solid waste management systems and ensuring access to public sanitation facilities;

MANDATES that all member nations must freely provide educational material on the importance of sanitation;

ENCOURAGES member nations to work cooperatively with both one another and non-member nations to improve regional access to sanitation, the quality of sanitation, and other objectives regarding improved sanitation;

REQUESTS that member nations offer incentives for innovations and solutions to solve sanitation problems, and;

STRONGLY URGES member nations to set prices for publicly sponsored sanitation operations in such a manner so as to make them as affordable as feasible.

This resolution includes significant contributions made by Sciongrad.

Votes For: 7,347
Votes Against: 3,553

Implemented Fri Mar 14 2014

[WAR288 on NS] [Official Forum Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Radiological Terrorism
A resolution to improve world security by boosting police and military budgets.

Category: International Security
Strength: Mild
Proposed by: Sciongrad

Description: The General Assembly,

Reaffirming the right of member nations to defend themselves with a well equipped military,

Understanding, however, that radiological weapons serve no practical or effective military purpose, and that such weapons are more suitable for the goals of pariah states and terrorist groups,

Believing that banning such weapons will be conducive to international peace,

And to this end resolves;

1. "Radiological weapon" shall be defined as any conventional weapon designed or intended to spread radiological substances; furthermore, "radiological substance" shall be defined as any radioactive material with the capacity to be used in the construction of a radiological weapon;

2. Member nations shall be prohibited from constructing, developing, or possessing radiological weapons under any circumstances; the transfer of such weapons between a member nation and another party shall also be prohibited, excepting instances where the transfer is for the purpose of decommissioning said weapons;

3. Member nations shall take all measures practical and necessary to prohibit the transfer or sale of radiological substances from within their nation to another party if there is reasonable suspicion that such a party may intend on contravening the provisions and intent of this resolution;

4. The use of radiological weapons shall be prohibited under all circumstances;

5. The World Assembly Disaster Bureau shall have its mandate expanded to include the following:

1. Assisting in the process of decommissioning radiological weapons, at the request of member nations, and to facilitate and oversee the transfer of radiological weapons from member nations that lack the technological capabilities necessary to decommission such weapons to member nations that do possess such capabilities,
   
   
2. Assisting member nations in recovering from the consequences of a radiological attack,
   
   
3. Liaising with member nations, when appropriate, to develop response plans in case of a radiological attack which may include, but shall not be limited to, procedures for evacuation and decontamination and training disaster relief and response personnel;

6. Member nations shall be required to monitor and review activities within their jurisdiction when there is reason to suspect that such activities will result in the misuse of radiological weapons and shall further be required to apprehend such activities using all means necessary and practical;

7. Nothing in this resolution shall be construed as placing any limitations on the possession, development, or use of nuclear weapons.

Votes For: 7,570
Votes Against: 3,489

Implemented Wed Apr 30 2014

[WAR289 on NS] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Protecting Migratory Animals
A resolution to increase the quality of the world's environment, at the expense of industry.

Category: Environmental
Industry Affected: All Businesses
Proposed by: Mosktopia

Description: The General Assembly:

Aware that species diversity is an irreplaceable part of our natural world, and that nations are constantly deriving new medical, scientific, recreational, social and economic uses from our world's biodiversity;

Recognizing that all nations have a duty to protect and conserve the world's biodiversity for future generations;

Noting that conservation of migratory animals requires the concerted efforts of every nation with jurisdiction over any part of the animals' migratory path;

Resolved that nations can and should work together to conserve and protect migratory animal species;

Hereby enacts the following provisions:

1. Notes that, as used in this act, migration refers to the forseeable, seasonal movement of an animal from one area to another on a greater scale than its normal daily activities;

2. Directs each member nation to catalog the migratory animal species that:

- inhabit the member nation's territory between periods of migration, or

- pass through the member nation's territory during migration;

3. Mandates that, where a migratory animal species ranges or migrates across international borders, member nations must collaborate with other nations to preserve and protect the animal's habitat and migratory path;

4. Requires member nations to restrain individuals, businesses, and organizations within their jurisdiction from unreasonably degrading the integrity of migratory animal populations living in, or traveling through, the territory of any nation;

5. Urges member nations to exchange research data on migratory animal species with other nations;

6. Clarifies that, notwithstanding any other provision of this act, member nations may take reasonable actions to deter migratory animals from damaging or destroying property, or becoming pests. Furthermore, invasive migratory species are not covered by the protections of this act.

Votes For: 6,042
Votes Against: 4,074

Implemented Sun May 4 2014

[WAR290 on NS] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Sustainable Forest Management
A resolution to increase the quality of the world's environment, at the expense of industry.

Category: Environmental
Industry Affected: Logging
Proposed by: Cardoness

Description: The World Assembly,

UNDERSTANDING that the forestry industry is a major source of income for many states;

ACKNOWLEDGING that each state has the right and responsibility to utilize its natural resources for the betterment of its people;

However,

CONCERNED by the widespread environmental damage caused by deforestation;

FURTHER CONCERNED by the effects such damage has on other states;

BELIEVING these effects to be, in part:
a) Increases in the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere;
b) Displacements of indigenous life forms from their natural habitat;
c) Rise of temperatures in cleared areas;
d) Soil erosion and sterilization;

DISMAYED that foreign states have no recourse to protect their own environment from such effects;

Hereby,

CREATES the World Assembly Forest Commission (WAFC) to
a) Track deforestation;
b) Create guidelines for sustainable forest harvesting;
c) Establish standards specific to each nation to limit the impact of forest harvesting processes;
d) Identify,
i) Areas which are the most environmentally sensitive and provide recommendations for their protection,
ii) Areas best suited for harvesting;
e) Develop recommendations for the reforestation of previously cleared land;

URGES all states to set aside a portion of their extant forest for conservation, that such forest, or forests, be as large, and its boundaries as uniform as possible, and be in the most environmentally sensitive areas;

REQUIRES that before the commencement of logging operations, a proposal be submitted, by the state or states affected, to, and approved by, the WAFC detailing plans:
a) Which clearly define the area to be harvested;
b) To minimize soil degradation and damage to the biodiversity of the area;
c) For the revitalization of the forest upon completion, taking into consideration the rejuvenation of the ecosystem and long term health, or, if the area is to be developed for some other purpose include:
i) Such development plans outlining the intent and purpose and area to be used;
ii) A timetable as to the anticipated start and completion of said development;
iii) Intentions for areas cleared but not part of the subsequent development;

AUTHORIZES the WAFC to provide funds, in the form of a grant or loan, on a case by case basis for the cost involved in revitalization efforts;

EXEMPTS wood taken for personal use and which is not sold or traded for profit.

ALLOWS for the felling of trees beyond the established regulations if the trees are diseased or in the event of some other emergency which requires it;

STRONGLY URGES states to avoid harvesting trees near waterways and coastlines;

ENCOURAGES that areas damaged by acts of nature, or cleared prior to the passage of this resolution, be reforested;

CALLS UPON able states to lend aid and assistance to neighboring states which may need it.

Votes For: 8,132
Votes Against: 3,525

Implemented Fri May 16 2014

[WAR291 on NS] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Nuclear Security Convention [Struck out by Resolution #350]
A resolution to improve world security by boosting police and military budgets.

Category: International Security
Strength: Mild
Proposed by: Chester Pearson

Description: The World Assembly,

RECOGNIZING that nuclear energy is a relatively clean and efficient source of energy,

UNDERSTANDING the right of member nations to use nuclear energy for peaceful purpose,

ALSO REALIZING the potential threat posed to all members in regards to the acquisition of nuclear technology by rogue states, terrorist and/or extremist organizations,

ALARMED by the possibility of widespread devastation that could occur as the result of the uncontrolled proliferation of nuclear technology, particularly by non-members who are not bound by the conventions of international law,

RESOLVING to enact a sensible policy that mitigates the potential for nuclear warfare and the consequences thereof,

The General Assembly hereby:

1. For the purposes of this convention defines nuclear energy as the energy released by nuclear reactions,

2. Requires member nations take all necessary precautions to ensure their nuclear materials, technology and information that have the potential for weaponization are fully secured against unauthorized release,

3. Demands that member nations take all measures necessary and practical in preventing the transfer of nuclear technology, design specifications, and materials if there is reason to suspect that they will be weaponized,

4. Clarifies that nothing in this resolution shall be interpreted as affecting the right of member nations to research or use nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, nor denying members nations the right to possess or produce nuclear armaments via their own technological and manufacturing capacities.

Co-Authored by Abacathea

Votes For: 8,806
Votes Against: 1,855

Implemented Fri Jun 13 2014

[WAR292 on NS] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Repeal "International Criminal Court"
A resolution to repeal previously passed legislation.

Category: Repeal
Resolution: #102
Proposed by: Mousebumples

Description: WA Resolution #102: International Criminal Court (Category: Human Rights; Strength: Significant) shall be struck out and rendered null and void.

Argument: THE WORLD ASSEMBLY:

RECOGNIZES that through the passage of previous legislation, the World Assembly has established a standard of conduct within WA member nations:

• GAR# 9, Prevention of Torture, outlawed torture and established procedures for the investigation and prosecution of those involved in torturing others.
  
  
• GAR#18, The Prisoners of War Accord, established standards of appropriate treatment and care for PoWs.
  
  
• GAR#23, Ban on Slavery and Trafficking, outlawed slavery and forced labor.
  
  
• GAR#25, WA Counterterrorism Act, worked to prevent terrorism by helping to coordinate counterterrorism activities and requiring WA member states to cease any state terrorist actions.
  
  
• GAR# 38, Convention Against Genocide, outlawed genocide and allowed for the prosecution of perpetrators of such a crime within WA Member States.
  
  
• GAR#40, The Landmine Convention, worked to negate the future deployment of landmines and mitigate the future risks to already deployed landmines.

ACCEPTS that such international standards are good and right within such an international body, even though the application of such legislation is limited to acting within the sovereign borders of WA member nations.

HIGHLIGHTS the following clause in GAR#102, International Criminal Court, which reads:
AUTHORIZE the ICC to issue arrest warrants for any person ("wanted person") suspected of these crimes if their home jurisdiction refuses to bring them to justice, unless an extant WA resolution requires they be tried elsewhere;

NOTES that the jurisdiction of the World Assembly, and thereby the aforementioned International Criminal Court, is limited to only acting within WA member nations or through their actions within their territories.

BELIEVES that each WA member nation ensures that crimes outlawed within WA legislation are appropriately pursued and prosecuted within their sovereign territory, removing the need for the International Criminal Court to issue said arrest warrants.

UNDERSTANDS that the existence of GAR #79, Ban on Ex Post Facto Laws restricts the crimes that can be brought before the International Criminal Court to those that are presently outlawed by existing WA resolutions, which would require additional legislation to outlaw international travesties that are not currently covered under existing WA resolutions.

ASSERTS that WA member nations will be most effectively served repealing the International Criminal Court, due to its limitations in both efficacy and utility, as outlined above.

REPEALS GAR#102, International Criminal Court.

Co-authored by: Ainocra

Votes For: 6,071
Votes Against: 4,095

Implemented Tue Jun 17 2014

[WAR293 on NS] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Repeal "Multilateral Prosecution Act"
A resolution to repeal previously passed legislation.

Category: Repeal
Resolution: #99
Proposed by: Mousebumples

Description: WA Resolution #99: Multilateral Prosecution Act (Category: Human Rights; Strength: Mild) shall be struck out and rendered null and void.

Argument: THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY:

VALUES consistency and fair treatment of all individuals within the justice system of all WA member nations.

UNDERSTANDS that the resolution in question creates a separate process and set of protocols for trying stateless individuals outside of the typical legal channels within WA member nations, which results in the following issues:

- Individuals may become stateless by choice, should they prefer to take their risks at trial through this less used process;

- Stateless individuals may elect to declare a nationality simply to avoid the process laid out in this resolution; and

- The resolution implies that the lives and/or rights of stateless individuals are valued differently than those who have a stated nationality, which is not something that the World Assembly should endorse within its resolutions.

RECOMMENDS that the WA eliminate the possibility for unequal treatment of stateless individuals.

BELIEVES that this resolution establishes a "separate but equal" process, which is inherently unfair and minimizes both the humanity of stateless individuals and the rights that should be accorded to them.

REALIZES that since the passage of this resolution, the World Assembly has worked to ensure that the following resolutions regarding due process have been clarified to ensure that the details of the following resolutions affect all individuals, including those who are stateless:

- GAR #37, Fairness in Criminal Trials,

- GAR #194, Treatment of Inmates,

- GAR#198, Preventing Multiple Trials,

- GAR#201, Habeas Corpus, and

- GAR#202, Convict Appellate Rights.

ACKNOWLEDGES that the standards provided by the aforementioned pieces of legislation provide greater consistency in the treatment of all individuals whether they are stateless or have declared a nationality, rendering the "protections" provided by this resolution to be unnecessary and thereby merit a repeal.

REPEALS GAR#99, "Multilateral Prosecution Act."

Votes For: 7,746
Votes Against: 2,325

Implemented Sat Jun 21 2014

[WAR294 on NS] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Repeal "Oil Tanker Standards Act"
A resolution to repeal previously passed legislation.

Category: Repeal
Resolution: #98
Proposed by: The Dourian Embassy

Description: WA Resolution #98: Oil Tanker Standards Act (Category: Environmental; Industry Affected: All Businesses) shall be struck out and rendered null and void.

Argument: The World Assembly,

Accepting that accidents involving oil tankers are an issue of importance to this body,

Regretting, however, that World Assembly Resolution #98, the "Oil Tanker Standards Act," is an incredibly flawed and problematic solution to those problems,

Noting that the World Assembly Oil Transportation Committee (WAOTC) is assigned the task of ensuring oil tankers are "kept up to meet requirements" without outlining exactly what those requirements are or how they even pertain to the resolution,

Further noting that the WAOTC is tasked with acquiring "new technology from member states already possessing it at the member state's consent" without defining what kind of technology it would acquire,

Understanding that requiring "non-proprietary double-hulled technology be made available to shipbuilders", without actually requiring the WAOTC to provide it, makes many of the WAOTC's assignments superfluous,

Further understanding that the requirement to "phase out" the use of single-hulled tankers is both costly and needless, as such tankers could find use hauling materials that are not as damaging to the environment,

Acknowledging that WA#98 places an unreasonable burden on nations with pre-existing fleets of single-hulled tankers while failing to provide any relief to this burden by funding this requirement,

Observing that the resolution imposes a requirement for a “proper” ventilation system without explaining what the purpose of such a system would be, and given that there are many ventilation systems which may have completely opposing purposes, this requirement is both ambiguous and unenforceable,

Astonished that the resolution urges nations to implement "other or better safety features aboard oil tankers other than what is specified here" despite the fact that "other safety features" may be inferior and used by nations to circumvent the requirements imposed on them previously in the resolution,

Believing that WA#98 is insufficient for the purpose of reducing spills, as there are many types of oil tanker designs that would not necessarily benefit from the technologies outlined here, nor would they see any benefit to the added costs these technology's integration would incur,

Recognizing that the sum of the flaws present in WA#98 both in format and in practical application have created a resolution that is nearly ineffective in achieving its stated goals,

Hereby repeals World Assembly Resolution #98, the "Oil Tanker Standards Act."

Co-Authored by Renaissancistic People.

Votes For: 7,897
Votes Against: 1,548

Implemented Fri Jun 27 2014

[WAR295 on NS] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Prevention of Wildfires
A resolution to improve world security by boosting police and military budgets.

Category: International Security
Strength: Mild
Proposed by: Bears Armed Mission

Description: The World Assembly,

Rejoicing that many nations include not only urban areas and farmland but also wide expanses of natural or at least semi-natural habitats too,

Realising that although most nations probably have fairly adequate measures in place for controlling fires in urban areas some might not yet have extended those systems to cover their more rural areas effectively too, and that the best ways for managing fires in rural areas — especially in wilderness — may differ from those useful at more urban sites anyway,

Aware that wide areas of vegetation (especially those of woodland, such as may be called ‘forests’) are often likely to contain large amounts of combustible material, leading to serious risks that any fires started there might spread uncontrollably and cause significant damage,

Wise to the fact that natural fire can be an integral and even important factor in some ecosystems, and that even in ‘wild’ areas where that is not the case carrying out controlled burns of limited extent to reduce potential fuel levels for unplanned fires may be a better policy than simply trying to prevent all fires there altogether,

Regarding this as an ‘international’ enough topic for WA legislation because even when a fire itself does not cross international borders the smoke-clouds from it may do so, maybeso with seriously harmful results, as well as for the potential effects on global environments and endangered species;

Hereby,

1). Instructs all member nations to:
i/ Have and enforce, across all of their territory, laws against both reckless fire-starting and the deliberate starting of inadequately controllable fires;
ii/ Have suitable plans, with the necessary personnel and equipment for those, in place for managing fires everywhere within their borders, to the best extent practical within reason;
iii/ Ensure that the relevant people in any other nations likely to be significantly affected are given reasonable notice of planned fires and, as far as is practical within reason, arrange those fires for mutually agreed dates;
iv/ Ensure that the relevant people in any other nations likely to be significantly affected are also notified of any unplanned fires that are identified;
v/ Refrain from the use of uncontrolled fire as a weapon or tool of war in wilderness and semi-wilderness areas, and in any other places from which the fires would be likely to spread into such areas.

2). Encourages member nations to:
i/ Include the safe handling of Fire at a basic level in their educational syllabuses;
ii/ Coordinate plans for controlling fire in border areas with relevant neighbours;
iii/ Cross-train suitable units and individual volunteers from their armed forces in fire-fighting, and position suitable equipment ready for their use, so that when not actually needed for more martial duties they can assist in this work; and deploy other units with relevant skills and equipment to assist in fire-management efforts as appropriate.

3). Instructs the WA Disaster Board to study and to distribute as appropriate information about fire hazards and fire-control methods; urges member nations to share all relevant data that they possess with the WADB; and offers this service to any non-WA nations that are interested (and are willing to pay reasonable fees, share their relevant date with the WADB, and meet clause #1’s terms to the same extent that would be necessary if they were WA members) too.

Votes For: 7,929
Votes Against: 2,032

Implemented Mon Jul 7 2014

[WAR296 on NS] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Child Welfare in Adoption
A resolution to reduce income inequality and increase basic welfare.

Category: Social Justice
Strength: Mild
Proposed by: Sanctaria

Description: The General Assembly,

BELIEVING that intercountry adoption can be beneficial to nations experiencing difficulty with their internal rate of adoption and to children in need of a loving home,

FRUSTRATED with the reality that member nations each have differing rules and regulations regarding intercountry adoption,

CONCERNED that such a myriad of bureaucratic minutiae poses a danger to the welfare of children involved in intercountry adoptions, and unnecessarily increases the risk of child abuse and trafficking,

HOPEFUL that the consolidation of these varied rules and regulations will aid in the safekeeping of vulnerable children, as well as break down barriers to intercountry adoption,

Hereby

DEFINES, for the purpose of this resolution, the following:

1. child: an individual under the threshold of majority in both the country of origin and the recipient country,
   
   
2. prospective adopter: a party who is seeking to adopt a child;

STRONGLY ENCOURAGES member nations to permit intercountry adoption;

DEMANDS that, should one not already exist, each member nation that permits intercountry adoption establish a state or semi-state agency, to be known as National Adoption Boards, which shall have the following duties:

1. to maintain a register of children available within that nation for adoption,
   
   
2. to work with and vet prospective adopters in that nation, and
   
   
3. to liaise with National Adoption Boards in other member nations during intercountry adoption processes;

DECREES that any intercountry adoption between member nations must be conducted between National Adoption Boards, and that no transfer of children shall take place until the intercountry adoption is finalised and confirmed;

REQUIRES National Adoption Boards to consider the welfare and wishes of all children available for adoption, in particular with determining if intercountry adoption is appropriate for each individual child;

CREATES the World Assembly Adoption Authority (WAAA) to establish and implement a stringent and rigorous uniform code of rules and regulations regarding intercountry adoption;

MANDATES that all National Adoption Boards be member organisations of WAAA and that they adhere to all these regulations, procedures, and standards established;

DECLARES that no National Adoption Board may establish regulations, procedures, protocols, or standards regarding intercountry adoption that are contradictory or additional to those established by WAAA;

FORBIDS WAAA from establishing standards, protocols, and procedures that could reasonably be construed to be discriminatory (e.g. disallowing an intercountry adoption based on the prospective adopter's, or child's, nationality, race, gender, sexuality, or marital status), unless there are compelling practical reasons to do so;

PROSCRIBES the transfer of children by member nations to non-member nations in an effort to circumvent any facet of this resolution;

OUTLAWS the practice of buying children, in which financial or in-kind payments are exchanged to ensure an individual receives a child, however;

ACKNOWLEDGES that, in the case of adoption processes, some reasonable fees may be charged by National Adoption Boards, and/or their domestic affiliates, for expenses incurred during the adoption process.

Votes For: 7,538
Votes Against: 1,499

Implemented Fri Jul 11 2014

[WAR297 on NS] [Official Debate Topic]

[Imperium Anglorum]

Reducing Spills and Leaks [Struck out by GA 640]
A resolution to increase the quality of the world's environment, at the expense of industry.

Category: Environmental
Industry Affected: All Businesses
Proposed by: The Dourian Embassy

Description: The World Assembly,

Believing that reduction of harm to the environment and preservation of lives is an issue of paramount importance to this body,

Accepting that spills and leaks, when involving hazardous materials, may cause irreparable harm to the environment and result in lost lives,

Hereby,

1. Establishes the Spill and Leak Disaster Administration (SaLDA) with the following responsibilities:

A. Creating safety standards to minimize the risk of a spill or leak during material transport and storage,

B. Establishing cleanup standards for spills and leaks,

C. Designing reimbursement standards for the purposes of:


a. Making whole those affected by spills and leaks,

b. Collecting appropriately punitive penalties from those entities that cause and/or allow spills or leaks to occur through negligence,
D. Acquiring technologies that reduce the risk of spills and leaks,

E. Distributing technologies to nations in order to minimize the risk of spills and leaks,

F. Recommending the usage of SaLDA standards and technologies to WA Nations,

2. Requires nations to establish standards and utilize technologies appropriate to their needs and capabilities using SaLDA recommendations and technological resources for the following purposes:

A. Minimizing the risk of spills and leaks,

B. Making whole those affected by spills and leaks,

C. Enabling faster and more efficient cleanup of spills and leaks,

3. Urges nations to establish standards in line with any SaLDA recommendations not already required by clause 2,

4. Requires that nations deny entry to their territory to any transport owned and/or operated by an entity that does not follow SaLDA recommendations as outlined by clause 2 and which is carrying materials the nation to be transited considers capable of causing a spill or leak,

5. Allows exceptions to denials of entry as outlined in clause 4 in the following situations:

A. If such a denial would itself create a public safety hazard or significant environmental damage,

B. If such a denial would be in violation of extant international law,

C. If said transport is in compliance with all safety standards relating to SaLDA recommendations adopted by the nation it is transiting,

6. Requires nations to make a good faith effort outside of SaLDA recommendations to minimize the risk of spills and leaks from any transport originating in their territory or from any storage facility housed in their nation,

7. Urges nations to cooperate in the cleanup of spills and leaks.

Votes For: 7,189
Votes Against: 2,029

Implemented Tue Jul 15 2014

[WAR298 on NS] [Official Debate Topic]