Design History
The S-94a Jelduno is a main battle tank (MBT) developed by Haruspex International Armaments HVRL Facility, a subsidiary manufacturer of armoured combat vehicles. It is an improved version of the HIA made S-84 MBT. Those S-84 tanks that are upgraded to S-95 capabilities are designated as S-84F.
The S-94a Jelduno was developed in 1998 to meet the requirements of the Haru Imperial Legionary (HIL) . It was expected to enter production after completion of S-84 production cycle. Although the prototype is currently being used by the HIL, it has, as of February 2001, entered serial production.
Fire control
The new computerized fire control system, known as TASG-D, helps the gunner to get stable day / image intensification (II) sight with the help of a laser range-finder that is integrated with the system. The system also has an optional camera.
Observation
The HIA-VCI collaboration system called VCIS, is a commander takeover system day / night sight integration and hydraulic gun control equipment is fixed at the commander’s seat with the option for an all-electric system. The combined day / night driver’s periscope, has 40o and 125o field view in the night and day channel respectively. It has a vertical field view of 30o at night and 24o at day. The driver and commander are provided with two standard auxiliary periscopes. The stabilized gunner sight and the day channel have a 10x magnification. The night channel is the second generation image-intensification type which includes the Nd-Yag range-finder with a range of 200m-10,000m.
Armament
The armament includes an improved 125mm smoothbore gun with an automatic loader which first loads the projectile and then the charge. The gun can fire various types of ammunition at a rate of eight rounds a minute. The autoloader can load 15% faster at a rate of nine shells a minute and can hold 35 gun rounds; Usually 11 HE, 11 HEAT, 8 AP, 5 APSD. 5 HE, 5 HEAT, 5 AP, and 5 APSD are stored in the carrousel. Ten AT-20 ATGWs; These are essentially a surface to surface version of the standard short range missile. Armour piercing versions are standard. Five are stored in the carrousel.
The secondary armament consists of a remotely operated and turret mounted ATR-50 Automatic Grenade Launcher, and a third armament is of a coaxial 12.7mm machine gun on the right side, which can be aimed by remote as well.
Defenses
The S-94 MBT is fitted with a "three-tiered" protection systems: the first tier is the Chobham composite armour; consisting of basic armour shell with an insert of alternating layers of aluminum and plastics and a controlled deformation section.
The second tier is third generation ERA explosive reactive armor which significantly degrade the penetrating power of kinetic-energy APFSDS ammunition and also these ERA blocks give the turret its distinctive angled "clam shell" appearance. ERA bricks are also located on the turret roof and provide protection from top-attack weapons. The turret's forward armour package in addition to the ERA and steel plating contains a composite filler sandwiched of composite armour between upper and lower steel plates, the composite armour results in a lower weight and improved protection when compared with steel-only armour.
The third tier is the Able-01 countermeasures suite, produced by Verlaine Corporate Industries of Machina Haruspex. This system includes two infrared jammers on the front of the turret, four laser warning receivers, two 3D6 aerosol grenade discharging systems and a computerized control system. The Able-01 warns the tank's crew when the tank has been 'painted' by a weapon-guidance laser and allows the crew to slew the turret to face the threat. The infrared jammer, the Archon-2, jams the semiautomatic command to line of sight (SACLOS) guidance system of some anti-tank guided missiles. The aerosol grenades can be used to mask the tank from laser rangefinders and designators as well as the optics of other weapons systems.
Also in addition to the passive and active protection systems the S-94 is also fitted with an automatic fire extinguishing system. The engine compartment detector is thermocouple wire, and the crew compartment detector is an optical sensor. The extinguishant used is Halon1301, commonly used by many main battle tanks. While the air conditioning system is installed to aid in crew comfort, the vehicle also has overpressure system to effectively protect the crew against nuclear, biological, or chemical attacks in the turret.
Engine
The S-94a is powered by a turbocharged V-12 diesel engine of 1,200hp (890KW) with a power to weight ratio to 27hp/t. With a fuel capacity of 1,450l the tank can run at maximum speed of 70km/h on road. Further engine and performance stats included below.
Variants
S-94/ARV-01: Armored Recovery Vehicle. It has a crane, winch and dozer system built on the vehicle.
S-94/AVLB-01: Armoured Vehicle-Launched Bridge Vehicle variant uses a scissor-type bridge system mounted on the chassis.
The tank will be built as per customer requirements and according to their operational needs, such as climatic conditions and compatibility with other devices.
General Specifications
Type: Main battle tank
Place of origin: Tver, Machina Haruspex
Designer: HVRL
Manufacturer: HVRL-HIA
In Service: 2001-present
Crew: 4 (commander, gunner, loader and driver)
Cargo Capacity: Minimal, enough for equipment with crew
Dimensions & Weight
Height: 7.2 feet (2.225 meters) to top of commander's cupola.
Width: 12.4 feet (3.78 meters)
Length: 35.7 feet (10.875 meters) including gun barrel.
Weight: 60.4 tons (54.8 metric tons)
Performance
Engine: 10-cyl. HVRL Type-6 water-cooled diesel
Rated at: 1200 hp (890 kW) at 2600 rpm
Power/weight: 27 hp/ton
Transmission: HVRL 6-Speed CDS (Four forward, two reverse)
Suspension: Hydropneumatic at front, torsion bar at rear of the chassis
Maximum road speed: 55.9 mph (90 kph)
Off-Road: 43.5 mph (70 kph)
Maximum Range: 435.0 miles (700 km)
Additional: 155 miles (250 km) more with a large strap-on rear fuel tank that is ejected before going into battle.
Grade: 60%
Side Slopes: 30%
Armament
1. 125 mm Smooth Bore Cannon/Missile Launcher: Mounted in the turret. The S-94a can fire the AT-20 ATGW through the 125-mm gun; Truly a multi-purpose weapon that is considerably effective against enemy armor and structures. Laser targeting system offers a range of 2,000 meters.
Payload: 35 gun rounds; Usually 11 HE, 11 HEAT, 8 AP, 5 APSD. 5 HE, 5 HEAT, 5 AP, and 5 APSD are stored in the carrousel. Ten AT-20 ATGWs; These are essentially a surface to surface version of the standard short range missile. Armor piercing versions are standard. Five are stored in the carrousel.
2. ATR-50 Automatic Grenade Launcher: Weapon is very similar to the WI-GL21 Automatic Grenade Launcher produced by Wellington Industries, but uses a larger grenade and is heavier in design. Weapon is primarily used in vehicles as well as being mounted on tripod mounts. Weapon can fire single shot or bursts of ten rounds and can inflict heavy damage when burst fired. Unlike other nation designs, the HIA automatic grenade launcher only uses belts. The tank normally mounts two belts together to increase number of rounds to 400 rounds.
Maximum Effective Range: 3,000 feet (914 meters)
Rate of Fire: Single Shot or Ten round bursts.
Payload: 400 Round Double Belt.
3. Light Secondary Mount (1):
Remote HIA " K1-b 12.7mm HMG: This remote turret weapon is effective at cutting down enemy infantry and or offering suppressive fire alongside other weaponry.
Caliber: 12.7x109 mm
weight: 25.5 kg MG itself, 41.5 kg on 6T7 tripod mount with box or feed belt
Length: 1560mm
Length of barrel: 1040.40mm
Feeding: Box 400 rounds, or 1200 round feed belt
Rate of fire: 650-750 rounds/min
V0: 820-860 m/s
Maximum Effective Range: 3,000 feet (914.4 meters)
4. Multi-Option "Feta Cbnayt-8A" Jammers (2): These are multi-purpose jamming devices designed to stop incoming missiles and confuse an enemy targeting the S-94a.
Effect: Each firing launches two Chaff rockets, two Flare rockets, and the tank begins emitting a large cloud of smoke, both standard and Anti-Laser Prismatic Aerosol; The Chaff rockets detonate and spread Chaff over the area, the flare rockets floating down by parachute.
Maximum Effective Range: Around the tank only; Rough distance of 80 ft (24 m) around tank.
Payload: Sufficient for twenty firings; One of each type of jamming option from each side of the vehicle.
Sensor Equipment
Anti-Aircraft Radar: Range of 10 miles (16 km); Capable of tracking up to 10 targets simultaneously, this radar serves to guide the Remote 12.7mm Kord in engaging aircraft, and providing early warning of incoming aircraft and missile attacks; The radar can be programmed to shut off immediately if it detects an aircraft firing a missile, incase the missile is a radar-homing HARM type.
Quadrant sight for long-range targeting of Sabot rounds.
Data-interlink transmitters: For using targeting data from scout vehicles for firing the Anti-Tank missiles or Sabot rounds. Bonus varies on the quality of the data being provided, but all data would allow the tank to fire over obstacles if the scout vehicle is in the right position. The normal effective battlefield range is 5 miles (8 km).
Full Infrared viewing mode: Range of 2 miles (3.2 km), with IR searchlight
Two Periscopes: Has up to x100 magnification for commander and driver to view out of while maneuvering the vehicle. Visual targeting sight with same magnification possible for gunner.
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