Earth II v.5.0 [Historical Canon Thread] [CURRENT]

by **Earth_ Two** » Sat Jul 08, 2023 6:16 pm

Earth II
The Earth II Historical Canon Thread

Welcome to The Earth II Historical Canon Thread. This is the consolidated thread for all historical canon on Earth II. DO NOT POST IN THIS THREAD as it is for reference only. Submit your historical canon via the appropriate forms in the Earth II Main Thread. Please use this thread for all historical canon searches and references when making claims, new threads, and so on and so forth.

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by **Earth_ Two** » Sat Jul 08, 2023 6:17 pm

The Earth II Historical Canon Thread
Table of Contents

by **Earth_ Two** » Sat Jul 08, 2023 6:18 pm

Before Christ

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by **Earth_ Two** » Sat Jul 08, 2023 6:19 pm

1 AD to 999 AD

Summer 619: [Itailian Maifias] An uprising in Thebes is unable to be contained by the Roman garrison. The rebellion is led by an Egyptian warrior named Sarraf and he leads a number of armed locals to gain control of the city, declaring an end to the "foreign occupation" of Egypt. He begins liberating the nearby areas from Roman control using his native armies, promising a return the old Egyptian gods or the "True" Ones.
September 625: [Itailian Maifias] Saffar and his soldiers capture Alexandria, marking the final removal of Roman rule from Egypt. He declares himself Pharaoh from the Grand Temple of P'hat in Memphis and makes his capital here in Memphis, in an attempt to restore the prosperity of both the city and of Egypt which had declined since the construction of Alexandria three centuries prior and the periods of Hellenic and Roman rule; this is marked as the beginning of the 32nd Dynasty
July 9, 635: [Itailian Maifias] An uprising occurs in Alexandria, led by Coptic Christians who protest against the rule of Saffar and the restoration of the Pharaohs and with it, the native Egyptian religion. Most of the city supports the rebellion, though the Jews do not get involved and stay neutral. The Christians march out of Alexandria and seek to seize Memphis and defeat what they consider the false monarch and god.
September 2, 635 AD: [Itailian Maifias] The Christian rebellion has seized a good portion of the northern Egyptian coast, and their main army is met in battle by the forces of Saffar I near the site of Sais. The mounted cavalry, some even reportedly using chariots, proved crucial to overwhelming victory of Saffar's forces, and the uprising crumbled after this battle. The leaders of it were captured a few weeks later when the Pharaoh's army secured Alexandria and the uprising was officially quelled, putting to rest both it and many doubts about the capability of the Pharaoh to lead.
Summer 640: [Itailian Maifias] Saffar dies of unrecorded causes and is entombed in a necropolis south of Memphis. His son, Teremun, succeeds him as the next Pharaoh. Teremun was raised by priests of Amun-Ra and the main goal of his early regime is to rebuild the temple at Thebes. He also seeks to expand irrigation canals and build new ones to improve the availability of green land in Lower Egypt.
March 11, 675: [Itailian Maifias] Teremun's son, Mazen, holds a consecration ceremony at the new Temple at Luxor. While the old one was dedicated to solely Amun-Ra, this new one is meant to cover the full Pantheon, and although Amun-Ra's shrine takes up a large portion of the whole Temple, there are other deities represented, such as Horus, Osiris, Isis, Mahat, and others. This is the first known attempt to get priests of various deities to cooperate into a single faith.
Winter 780: [Itailian Maifias] The 32nd Dynasty comes to an conclusion with the death of Tamoud II, descendant of Sarraf. The Nome of Alexandria, Thabit Amari, is named as the new Pharaoh marking the beginning of the 33rd Dynasty. Despite the resurrection of the native Egyptian pantheon under the 32nd Dynasty, Thabit is descended from Hellenized Egyptians and although he is an adherent to the native faith, he understands that attempting to have one group establish hegemony over the other will never work with success and that a union is more preferable. He marries a member of a powerful Christian family to try to set this example, and he also moves the capital to Alexandria.
March 4, 791: [Itailian Maifias] Pharaoh Thabit orders the invasion of the Levant, which historically used to be under Egyptian control during the apex of its antiquity power. The lands in recent years have been fractured between warlords of various faiths, such as Assyrian, Persian, Greek or Roman and in part Thabit is encouraged for this war by the faction of Jews that reside in Lower Egypt near Nubia who are eager for their ancestral homeland.
August 11, 800: [Itailian Maifias] After nine years of warfare, most of the Levant and historic Israel have been conquered and added to the Pharaoh's domain. He divides the new lands into two Sepats, the Sepat of Galilee which controlled all lands north of Jerusalem and the Sepat of Judea, which controlled Jerusalem and south till the Sinai. He infamously appointed a Jew as the Nomarch of Judea, hoping that in doing so it would encourage Jews to resettle there and free up land in Upper and Lower Egypt for native Egyptians and other groups, and also remove the chance of clashes between the Jews and other groups within Egypt.
September 15, 800: [Itailian Maifias]In a way to appease Egyptians who clamored for more a return to the old ways that the prior Dynasty aimed for, the Pharaoh began the construction of a new pyramid approximately 51 kilometers southeast of Alexandria, to house the tombs of the previous Dynasty. He re-instated the corvee, or labor tax, mostly on farmers during the flood season to supply workers as well as offering jobs to attract skilled engineers, paying them out of the royal treasury directly. He appoints a Royal Engineer, Ari Bishara, to oversee the construction and Bishara's designs call for a pyramid that would rival those at Giza - slightly larger than Kefu's but smaller than the Great Pyramid, with its dimensions set at a 140 meters tall.
May 4, 839: [Itailian Maifias] Almost four decades after the initiation of work, the Alexandria Compound is nearing completion. It's initial design has ballooned, much like the costs, beyond Bishara's original designs. It is now centered around the main/original pyramid, with colonnades that connect and also feature a temple to Osiris and Thoth on par with those found at Memphis and Thebes, as well as two smaller "queen" pyramids at the southern and southwestern corner of the triangle compound; the total site encompasses an area triple that of Giza and rivals towns. The main pyramid is nearly completed at this stage.
August 9, 845: [Itailian Maifias] The head of the priests of Osiris, Malak, and the Pharaoh, Osahar I who is the grandson of Thabit, consecrate the temples and main pyramid. As planned, the royal members of the 32nd Dynasty are entombed within the single chamber of the main pyramid, and their queens are in a smaller, subterranean chamber. Thabit, his son and successor Mido and their wives are re-entombed in the smaller pyramid on the southern corner. The new compound brings a boom to the local area, as pilgrims travel to visit the grand temples which are the largest for those deities within the Kingdom, and despite being 50 kilometers from Alexandria, the city also grows.
November 8, 851: [Itailian Maifias]Osahar I begins the construction of his new Royal Palaces, which he means to make the envy the whole world and to be superior to those of Ramesses the Great, as the ones built during the Hellenic period have mostly collapsed into the ocean or were damaged as a part of the earthquake in 325. A large body of engineers responsible for their design is formed, many of them having worked on the Alexandria Compound, and they form an organization ترتيب الكتلة, or the Golden Triangle in English, in order to train engineers of the next generation and store the knowledge and experience they have collected to be passed down generation after generation. Unlike at Alexandria, all of the workers on the palace are artisans and are paid, either by the Golden Triangle or by Osahar.
July 9, 891: [Itailian Maifias] An earthquake strikes Alexandria, dealing moderate damage across the coastal properties and some inland buildings; the construction of the new Palace faces no significant damage. The most severe recorded is in the Harbor and at the Lighthouse, where several cracks are found along the length of the Lighthouse itself.
March 10, 903: [Itailian Maifias] Unrest throughout the Satrap of Judea rises to increasingly notable levels after a Pharaonate convoy, carrying tribute to Alexandria, is attacked by Jewish insurgents and ransacked, the Pharaoh's gold stolen. The reigning Pharaoh, Osahar II, is enraged and orders more troops into the Satrap and constructs a number of forts or garrisons for them, in order to combat the insurgency.
November 18, 903: [Itailian Maifias] Tracing the thieves of the gold to a settlement of significant size north of modern-day Tel-Aviv, the Pharaonate soldiers siege the settlement for 60 days before storming it, slaughtering every occupant they find. In response for their crimes, Osahar orders all of their names, deeds and fame struck from any record or memorial, and the entire settlement is razed to the ground, and the earth salted. Two basalt obelisks are erected at the former entrance of the settlement, warning those of the fury of the Pharaoh's justice.
January 904: [Itailian Maifias] In order to try to solidify rule over Judea, the construction of a temple to Amun-Ra occurs in the Old City in Jerusalem, at the foot of the Temple Mount. The construction sees the forced relocation of a number of people as homes are razed to fit the room, and it is met with wide spread riots that are eventually put down by Pharaonate forces.
April 8, 918: [Itailian Maifias] Ramesses III, successor to Osahar II, invites a number of artisans and other famous architects from across the known world to assist in the completion of the new Royal Palaces, or the decoration there of. Costs for this new palace have nearly eclipsed those incurred for the Alexandria pyramids, but Ramesses careful management of the Treasury as well as taxes levied on trade coming off of ships and foreigners, helps ensure the Treasury doesn't run up an unpayable debt.
October 22, 931: [Itailian Maifias] Ramesses III holds a lavish festival to celebrate the completion of construction on the Royal Palaces; at approximately 58,000 sq feet they eclipse any prior Egyptian palace in size by at least 1/3rd, with enough rooms to house both the royal family and a cult of priests devoted to service of the Pharaoh, the deity they serve depending on the Pharaoh of the time though they predominately will also have at least one devotee of Amun-Ra and Osiris.
January 4, 940: [Itailian Maifias]After a series of favorable seasons, unusually beneficial floods and weather, the Pharaonate of Egypt enters perhaps its finest era of prosperity since ancient times, flourishing in nearly every corner of the nation. Alexandria continues to grow as a city, reaching historic size, as does Memphis, Thebes, Cairo, and other major and minor settlements across Both Egypt's. Around this time as well, Ramesses reinstates the Medjay as a form of Pharaonate wide police force, roughly equivalent to a modern day FBI or a sheriff.
December 25, 971: [Itailian Maifias] Ramesses III dies in his sleep, marking the end of nearly a seven decade long reign. His is the third longest in Egyptian history, behind only that of Ramesses the Great and Pepi II, and although he did not seek to continue his grandfather's "Persian" policy of embracing other peoples and cultures, he did oversee the greatest golden age experienced in more than a millennium. His grandson, Afzal, succeeds him at the age of 32.
February 14, 993: [Itailian Maifias] Afzal dies, leaving no direct heirs behind after his daughter died as a child many years prior. His cousin Ahmet, a descendant of Thabit I's brother, inherits the Dual Crown and marks the end of the 32nd Dynasty and the beginning of the 33rd Dynasty. Ahmet I was a priest of Osiris before his ascension and his reign is marked as a true return to the Gods of Egypt, which is met with unrest among the Christians which account for almost half of the population.
June 995: [Cotland] Håkon Sigurdson Ladejarl dies, leaving Cotland open for Olav Tryggvason, who assumes the throne of Cotland by right of sword. In the five years of his reign, Olav Tryggvason does more to build Cotland as a nation than any king since Harald Hårfagre. Olav Tryggvason also introduces Christianity to Cotland by persuasion and sword.

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by **Earth_ Two** » Sat Jul 08, 2023 6:21 pm

1000 AD to 1699 AD

September 11, 1000: [Cotland] The Battle of Svolder is fought, where King Olav Tryggvason and his fleet are assaulted by a superior Danish-Swedish-Lade alliance off Svolder. A great naval battle is fought, where Olav Tryggvason is killed after his bow breaks in the heat of battle. As a result, Cotland is divided into three equal parts between the kings of Denmark and Sweden and the Earls of Lade.
November 8, 1001: [Itailian Maifias] A Christian monastery near the Four Cataract of the Nile is attacked and destroyed by unknown parties; approximately 213 are killed and Christians in Memphis protest heavily, this unrest soon spreading to Cairo and Alexandria.
December 24, 1001: [Itailian Maifias] A massive protest on the streets of Alexandria soon turns into an violent riot that attempts to storm the Palace; they are stopped by the Medjay, and both sides suffer heavy losses. In response to this transgression, the Medjay attack the Coptic Cathedral of St. Mark, the seat of the Coptic Pope, and kill the occupants and destroy the structure, going on to also destroy and kill many in the surrounding Christian communities. During the violence, thousands of Copts are put to the sword, including their Pope, and it is often referred to the Coptic Christmas Massacre.
December 27, 1001: [Itailian Maifias] All Copts are ordered expelled from Alexandria, and the Pharaoh uses soldiers and the Medjay to accomplish this; hundreds are arrested, thousands are killed or driven from their homes. Many of the faith go undergone as they are persecuted across the Pharaonate, though some resist.
Summer 1002: [Itailian Maifias] Ahmet orders the Golden Triangle to begin the construction of a new pyramid, approximately 20 kilometers west of Memphis. He demands a series of them to be built, one for him and each of his three sons. Work begins that summer.
Fall 1002: [Itailian Maifias] Ahmet orders a new tax to be issued across the land to help pay for his pyramid; this does little to help quell the unrest among the Christian and Jewish populace.
April 5, 1010: [Itailian Maifias] An mob in Jerusalem attacks the Temple of Amun-Ra, where some of the priests are killed and several artifacts destroyed, damaged or stolen/lost. In response, the Pharaonate garrison conducts raids throughout the city, killing or arresting dozens and inflicting heavy damage on some buildings, many of which also happen to be owned by Copts a fact which inflames tensions.
April 15, 1015: [Cotland, Itailian Maifias] Olav Digre, son of Olav Tryggvason, returns from his exile in the Faroes and he claims the Cottish throne by right of birth. As the King of Denmark and the Earl of Lade are preoccupied with raiding in England, Olav has little difficulty in securing his throne. In a lightning campaign that summer, he defeats the remaining Lade army at the Battle of Nesjar where he captures and executes the entire family of the Earl of Lade, and all his male successors, thus removing anyone in Cotland with a legitimate claim to the throne. By the time that the Earl of Lade learns of the events in Cotland and returns, Olav has consolidated his claim and his position and he defeats the Earl of Lade in the Battle of Sotra. The Earl of Lade flees to exile in Denmark.
Summer 1016: [Cotland] The next summer, Olav Digre reconquers the parts of Cotland seconded to Denmark and he becomes the first king since Harald Hårfagre to effectively control all of the parts of Cotland.
July 16, 1023:[Itailian Maifias] Pharaoh Ahmet I dies, and is succeed by his second son, Baki. Many hoped he could help try to cool tensions within the realm, but he was more interested in building his harem then affairs of state; one of his more notable acts was commissioning Athouman Toma of Cairo to construct an atlas of all of United Egypt and the Satraps in the Levant.
October 1024: [Cotland] Olav Digre makes Christianity the official religion of Cotland and he starts a campaign of converting the mostly pagan population. Those who do not voluntarily convert to Christendom are forced to swallow poisonous serpents. Many who accept conversion on pain of death reconvert to Åsatru after the King moves on.
1028 - 1030: [Cotland] Dissatisfied with the violent Christianization of the land, the people of Opplandene and Trøndelag rise up in revolt. They are rapidly joined by many others. By the end of the year, the only areas controlled by King Olav Digre are where he and his army physically reside.
July 29, 1030: [Cotland] King Olav II Digre is killed in the Battle of Stiklestad. With him dies the most serious attempt at converting Cotland to Christendom. While many attempt to convert Cotland from paganism in the years and centuries to come, none will be as successful.
May 15, 1035: [Cotland] After five years of in-fighting between the sons of Olav Digre, Olav's eldest son Magnus is finally chosen as King of Cotland by all chieftains and earls in Cotland on the condition that he not attempt to convert Cotland to Christianity. The nobles of Cotland discover that it was in their advantage to support a strong nation-state and a strong King. As a result, in-fighting between the various parts of Cotland mostly ceases. Under Magnus' rule, there is mostly peace in Cotland, leading to him being given the epithet "Magnus the Good."
July 16, 1038:[Itailian Maifias]Baki dies, and is succeeded by his younger brothers son, Ahmet II. Ahmet is a warrior and seeks a war to try to unify his people, and goes on several raids against the Nubians to the south, becoming known for raiding Nubian pyramids believing them to be a mockery of 'true' Egyptian ones, destroying them and looting their treasures.
November 14, 1042: [Cotland] The King of Denmark dies without issue, causing the Danish nobles to choose King Magnus the Good of Cotland, as the next King of Denmark.
January 29, 1047: [Cotland] King Magnus dies. He is succeeded by his uncle, Harald Hårdråde who reigns with a heavy hand. Any dissent is crushed without mercy, including an attempt by the Danish nobles to elect a different King of Denmark. The majority of the Danish nobles are slaughtered by Harald and Cottish warriors loyal to Harald are given their titles and their land. Denmark is thus integrated into Cotland.
September 28, 1051:[Itailian Maifias] Ahmet II is killed in battle while attacking the tribes to the west of Egypt; as the pyramids ordered by Ahmet I are nowhere near completion, he becomes the final Pharaoh entombed in the Alexandria Pyramids. His son, Thabit II, succeeds him.
Late Winter 1051:[Itailian Maifias] Thabit II is a scholar, having devoted himself to the study of his ancestors and the past of his people, as well as being a known follower of Thoth. He orders the construction of a palace in Cairo for it to be his winter residence, and takes an interest in the pyramids at Giza.
February 1052:[Itailian Maifias] Noting the decay of the pyramids, Thabit orders their repair and restoration, as well for it to be prioritized above those still being built at Memphis.
March 15, 1055:[Itailian Maifias] The last pyramid at Memphis is completed; called Ahmet's Pyramid, it is eclipsing the Great Pyramid at Giza in size by 10%, though it also features a subterranean series of rooms underneath. Ahmet I is re-entombed in it, with the rooms being filled with the treasures of his son's reigns. Ahmet II and Baki are placed in the pyramids built for him, while Thabit II dedicates the one intended for him as a repository of knowledge.
August 27, 1056: [Cotland] In a bloody campaign, Harald Hardråde crushes the Swedish kings and places Svealand and Götaland under the Cottish throne. For the first time, all of Scandinavia save for Lappland and Finnmark is under the control of the same king. Over the next ten years, Harald consolidates the territories under the Cottish throne.
Summer 1060:[Itailian Maifias] Excavation and restoration in the Valley of the Kings begins, with the goal towards eventual expansion to accommodate royal burials. Thabit places the region under the sole protection of the Medjay, who construct a fortress north of it to deter looters and robbers.
September 24, 1066: [Cotland, Itailian Maifias] After the death of Edward the Confessor, King Harald Hardråde of Cotland lays claim to the English throne. He sets off with a vast fleet and army to seize the throne but falls during the Battle of Stamford Bridge by Harald Goodwinson (curiously, Harald Goodwinson is killed less than a month later by William the Conqueror during the Battle of Hastings). The throne of Cotland befalls Harald Hardråde's two sons Magnus and Olav, who rule together until Magnus' death in 1069.
1069 - 1096: [Cotland] With the death of Magnus II, Olav becomes sole King of Cotland. During his twenty-year reign, he founds several cities and furthers trade and diplomatic relations with Europe. Upon his death, he is given the epithat "Olav Kyrre" (Eng: "Olav the Peaceful").
Spring 1077:[Itailian Maifias] A sickness spreads across Upper Egypt, eventually reaching Cairo. Although Thabit recovers, a number of his cousins and nephews are killed by the plaque; many Christians call this the St. Mark's Disease.
October 9, 1082:[Itailian Maifias] Thabit II dies of a sickness, possibly the one from 1077 resurfaced. With no direct heirs from himself, or any of the sons of Ahmet I, the Satraps of the Pharaonate convene for the selection of a new Pharaoh.
January 23, 1083:[Itailian Maifias] The Satrap of Damietta is chosen, taking the throne name of Ankhshet I. During this same time, an uprising in the Satrap of Galilee begins to grow into a much larger problem for the nascent 34th Dynasty.
June 22, 1083:[Itailian Maifias] At a battle east of Acre, the Pharaonate army led by Ankshet's son, Pakeni, is defeated in a catastrophic loss. The losses suffered by Pharaonate forces are so severe, they withdraw all the way to Jerusalem entirely. Pakeni is captured during this battle, with an unknown fate.
November 7, 1085:[Itailian Maifias] Pharaonate forces are defeated in the Battle/Siege of Jerusalem, after 311 days. The insurgents destroy the Temple of Amun-Ra, and ritually sacrifice the priests, followers and attendants atop Temple Mount; the Pharaoh effectively loses control of the northern Satraps outside of Egypt at this point, though his forces do win some battles that check the insurgents from leaving Israel and entering Sinai.
January 1086:[Itailian Maifias] The construction of "the largest fort in any Egypt" begins, south of the modern day Israel border. Ankhshet intends for it to be a symbol of his power, and also a protection against any threats from the suddenly hostile north. Construction is expected to take place at least two decades, hampered by the expansion of the pyramid field at Memphis.
February 10, 1087:[Itailian Maifias] Ankhshet I dies and is succeeded by his only remaining child, his daughter Astal. She is far more political savvy then any of her recent predecessors, and to try to quell the unrest throughout her lands, marries into the powerful Agryris family of Alexandria.
Spring 1090:[Itailian Maifias] Wary of threats from Christian Europe or the Middle East, Astal invests heavily into the Egyptian military and fortifications. She also uses her husband's family to help fund repairs on the Lighthouse of Alexandria, after the damage from the earthquake of the last century as well as smaller ones since.
Summer 1092:[Itailian Maifias] The Upper Egypt region is hit with the worst drought in many generation's worth of recorded history; scholars of the time call it the worst since the reign of Ramesses the Great, and urban centers such as Thebes, Memphis and Cairo are hit hard with thousands dying and others left starving from the resulting poor harvests.
March 3, 1098:[Itailian Maifias] News of the Christian crusade in the north reaches Egyptian borders; Astal is consumed with worry of one of these "massive heathen invasions" targeted at her realm and seeks to severely expand the Egyptian navy and army, constructing a number of coastal forts and expanding on harbor defenses in major ports.
Spring 1102: [Cotland, Layarteb] The colony in Vinland is abandoned due to failing crops and many deaths due to hostile natives.
March 10, 1112:[Itailian Maifias] Astal dies, leaving behind a legacy of somewhat stabilizing the realm and embarking on the most ambitious military reforms and expansion in this millennia for Egypt, as well as a number of administrative reforms, the most significant being changing the official language to Greek. She also left behind a large family to replenish royal family ranks, such as many sons and daughters who intermarried throughout many noble or famous families, leading to some referring to her as the Mother of Egypt. She becomes the first Pharaoh in thousands of years to be buried at the Valley of the Kings, in a specifically designed, luxurious chamber. She is succeeded by her son, Theodotus I.
August 19, 1128:[Itailian Maifias] In order to solidify their influence in Nubia and Beyond, as well as to curtail any southern threats, Theodotus commands a huge force into Nubia, razing settlements, and fighting in a number of large battles, the most significant being the Battle of Soba which saw Theodotus break the force of the Christian Kingdom of Alodia, the last remaining free Nubian realm, and sack their capital, Soba. A highly detailed record of his eight year campaign was composed by a lieutenant in his army, Akakios of Tamir.
1138 - 1160: [Cotland] The first phase of the First Cottish Civil War is characterized by sporadic battles between the pretenders who both fight each other for supremacy.
March 1138: [Cotland] With the death of King Sigurd I, his two sons Magnus and Harald openly demand the title of King. Unable to resolve the issue, the two pretenders to the throne raise armies and start fighting each other. Soon, Torstein Luva, descendant of the Earl of Lade also emerges and claims the throne while vowing revenge on the Hårfagre Clan for the slaughter of his family a hundred and twenty-five years earlier.
January 8, 1139:[Itailian Maifias] Medjay agents warn Theodotus of marshaling Christian forces in the north, and the Pharaoh begins preparations to defend against a large invasion. Though his Vizier urges a first strike, Theodotus chooses to see where the Christians strike first.
June 3, 1141:[Itailian Maifias] The anticipated invasion begins, as a Christian fleet under the command of Germans and Italians sails to land in northern Egypt, near where the Nile feeds into the ocean. The Egyptian fleet sails out from Alexandria to meet them and the two clash in the largest naval battle in centuries; the result is stalemate, both sides are bloodied though the Christians are forced to withdraw to safe harbor. At the same time, Christian knights and infantry begin entering Judea and continuing on towards the Sinai. Egyptian forces gather a large army around the grand fortress near the Sinai border.
July 14, 1141:[Itailian Maifias] In the Battle Of Rafah, the Christian crusader army secures a significant battle against the Egyptians and takes control of the city and continues south towards Sinai.
August 5, 1141:[Itailian Maifias] The Egyptian army swarms out of Sinai and meets the Christian army in a massive battle south east of Rafah in the dunes of Sinai. The light and mobile Egyptian forces are able to overcome the slow, heavy mounted knights and infantry; records of the time estimate 9,00 crusaders versus approximately 11,000 Egyptians, with some 2,500 crusaders killed versus 1,700 Egyptians. Theodotus is traveling from Alexandria with a second Egyptian force, aimed at pushing into Israel and the northern Crusader states to destabilize them and prevent future incursions.
November 8, 1141:[Itailian Maifias] Theodotus's combined army meets the crusaders in another battle, south of Bethlehem. Although the Christians inflict heavy losses, they are ultimately defeated losing more than two thirds of their forces and the survivors barely make it inside of Jerusalem's walls before Theodotus's armies encircle it and begin a siege.
January 28, 1142:[Itailian Maifias] The Egyptians are able to collapse a section of Jerusalem's walls measuring more than a hundred meters, but are unable to overcome the garrison defenders blocking the gap.
March 5, 1142:[Itailian Maifias]Collapsing three more sections of the city's walls, as well as destroying the main gate, Egyptian forces enter Jerusalem from numerous points and the Christian defenders are quickly overcome, but do engage in bloody street to street combat with the Egyptian forces. Thousands are killed on both sides, and any Christian survivors are enslaved by the Pharaonate soldiers. The general of the Christians, August Welf, is drawn and quartered and displayed near Temple Mount as vengeance for the destruction of the Amun-Ra temple and its priesthood. In further vengeance and cruelty towards the crusaders, any captured knight or noble is crucified upside down in a mockery of their faith along the road out of Jerusalem towards the crusader states.
Late Spring 1144:[Itailian Maifias] After two years of campaigning in Lebanon and northern Syria, Theodotus is able to secure a forced truce from the crusaders after sacking Edessa. Although Egypt did not resume control over Judea or the Levant, crusader influence was significantly weakened, and indeed the holy city of Jerusalem suffered heavily in terms of damage during this Second Crusade.
July 19, 1153:[Itailian Maifias] Theodotus dies peacefully in his sleep, and his succeeded by his son Herakleides.
1160 - 1184: [Cotland] The second phase of the First Cottish Civil War is marked by a series of set-piece battles where thousands lose their lives but neither side manages to defeat the other.
September 9, 1177:[Itailian Maifias] Herakleides dies of his wounds suffered during a repression of a uprising in Kush and is succeeded by his son, Theodotus II. He appoints his heir, and brother, Omiros as his Vizier, and later co-pharaoh.
1184 - 1202: [Cotland] Sverre Sigurdsson of the Hårfagre Clan gains the upper hand and forces surviving members of the Lade Clan into exile in Scotland after winning the Battle of Fimreite. He is crowned as King of Cotland.
December 1184: [Cotland] A grouping called the Birkebeiners emerges, being led by the pretender Øystein Møyla. The Birkebeiners are rebels who refused to join either side of the First Cottish Civil War. The name comes from the birch bark they wrap around their feet to stay warm.
Winter 1185:[Itailian Maifias] Theodotus II dies and is succeeded by his co-pharaoh/Vizier, Omiros I. Theodotus is considered the last native Pharaoh, and as such, Omiros is viewed by historians as the founder of the 36th Dynasty.
March 11, 1188:[Itailian Maifias] A large uprising occurs in Nubia and Lower Egypt, backed by the largely Christian populace. This uprising is welcomed by crusaders and Christian nations alike, and many lend their support.
July 21, 1188:[Itailian Maifias] Omiros I is slain at the Battle of the White Nile by Nubian/Christian forces, which break the royal army and inflict losses counted in the tens of thousands.
August 12, 1188:[Itailian Maifias] Herakleides II leads a force to defend Thebes, but is smashed and defeated in a battle outside the city's wall; the garrison falls not much longer. Unlike the Egyptians, the crusaders do not purposefully target the populace, through a number of the Temples are looted and treasures stolen. Herakleides is cut down defending the city walls, the throne passing to his nephew, Demetrius I.
August 21, 1188:[Itailian Maifias] Demetrius becomes significant for being the first Christian Pharaoh, having been raised Coptic by his parents, the brother to Omiros I. While the upper echelons of Egyptian society, most of the populace is welcoming, as at this point despite persecution for centuries nearly half of the population is Christian. He attempts to broker a peace with the Nubians, and agrees to cede any claim over Kush or Alodia in return for peace, borders are roughly aligned to modern day Egypt, while modern day Sudan is reformed into Christian kingdoms.
Spring 1189:[Itailian Maifias] Seeking to re-establish their influence and reclaim the Holy Lands, Christian nations launch a Third Crusade, aimed at reconquering Jerusalem.
August 12, 1191:[Itailian Maifias]Crusader forces led mostly by King Richard the Lionheart of England have captured Jerusalem, solidifying their rule over historical Israel. Richard is welcomed into the city and in an elaborate ceremony by the newly re-instated Patriarch of Jerusalem, is crowned as the King of Israel, establishing a solid Crusader presence in the region.
Late Winter 1191:[Itailian Maifias] Crusader forces initially attempt to invade Egypt again, but are met at the walls of the Sinai fortress and are heavily defeated, which discourages any larger, official host from Jerusalem or the European states. Demetrius sends delegates to Jerusalem but they never return and he is cautious of any future interactions with fellow Christian states.
April 2, 1194:[Itailian Maifias]An uprising of native Egyptians, the faith at this point referred to as Kemetism, gains large traction around Memphis and Thebes and clashes with the few Pharaonate forces in the region.
June 3, 1194:[Itailian Maifias] Still weakened by the losses in 1188, Demetrius sends what few soldiers he has south to try to end the latest insurrection; they find hard progress and slow success, much to displeasure of the Pharaoh in Alexandria.
September 23, 1196:[Itailian Maifias] Demetrius dies unexpectedly, and leaves the fragile realm in the hands of his 11 year old nephew, Marinos I. The insurrection in the south is popular among the Kemets in the realm, and in addition, the government is struggling to administer the realm with a young ruler and thousands of years of bureaucracy and statues on the books.
January 25, 1198:[Itailian Maifias] French forces under King Phillip II land near Damietta, beginning a shock invasion which they claim is a part of the Third Crusade. With most of the Egyptian forces still in the south trying to put down the last remnants of a tenacious insurrection, the French find early, rapid success and seize control of land as south as Mansoura as early as the middle of spring.
May 11, 1198:[Itailian Maifias] Egyptian forces meet French knights north of Cairo; the mostly Egyptian infantry are dominated by the French knights and heavy cavalry, and are massacred en masse. With the destruction of the Egyptian army, the French are cleared to march as far south down the Nile as they please and the Egyptian government rushes to assemble a notable force to resist.
February 2, 1199:[Itailian Maifias] French forces under the command of the Duke of Burgundy seize control of Cairo, and pause their campaign for the spring to consolidate forces and solidify their supply lines.
Summer 1199:[Itailian Maifias] At this point, Pharaonate forces are able to summon a fieldable force and march for Cairo, eager to try to end the incursion in their domain in one, heavy deliberate blow.
August 3, 1199:[Itailian Maifias] The French and Egyptian forces clash some forty kilometers northwest of Cairo; Egyptian light cavalry and archers prevent effective employment of French knights, and although the Egyptians nominally win by forcing the French to quit the field, there is no major tactical or strategic gain or loss for either side.
September 13, 1199:[Itailian Maifias] French forces under the Duke of Orleans are ambushed by a force led by Egyptian general Hefankhy are slaughtered after putting up light resistance at a dune west of Cairo in the desert. Some 5,000 French are either killed or captured and it's the first significant victory for Egypt in years.
September 24, 1199:[Itailian Maifias] Hefankhy's army defeats another French force trying to travel from Tanta to Cairo to reinforce the garrison; the force of mostly footmen is tackled by fast moving Egyptian cavalry and mobile archers, with comparably light Egyptian losses. A second Egyptian force travels from Alexandria to siege Tanta.
October 11, 1199:[Itailian Maifias] The main Egyptian army under Hefankhy clashes with King Phillip's main army north of Cairo in a massive battle; both armies suffer massive losses, though Hefankhy is killed in the battle the French lose approximately 900 knights mostly to the mobile mounted archers of the Pharaonate army, and the French are unable to push north to secure Tanta or completely end Egyptian resistance.
November 20, 1199:[Itailian Maifias] French and Egyptian forces meet for a second time, this time 24 kilometers south of Tanta. Although it is once more an pyrrhic victory for the French, they are due to receive reinforcements in a few weeks in Damietta while Egyptian forces are nearly depleted.
December 17, 1199:[Itailian Maifias] A new wave of French crusader forces arrives in Damietta, bolstered by English, German and Italian forces as well. English troops attempt to push into the Sinai and Egypt finds itself cornered on nearly all sides.
December 24, 1199:[Itailian Maifias]The Egyptian and Crusader navies clash in the Battle of Habrit; it is largely a Crusader victory and guarantees the Christians undeniable access across the coastal ways and ocean.
January 7, 1200:[Itailian Maifias] In one final stroke, the combined Crusader armies defeat the besiegers of Tanta and break the last force of Egyptian might. Outside of the large garrison at the Sinai Fortress, most of the Egyptian army is dead and the rest is in shambles, and Marinos is forced to sue for peace, which recognizes a French realm centered around the Nile valley, with Cairo both being the seat of power and on the southern periphery of the new Crusader state.
1202 - 1217: [Cotland] The Lade Clan starts to gain the upper hand in the First Cottish Civil War, methodically killing off the Hårfagre Clan claimants to the empty Cottish throne.
March 9, 1202: [Cotland] King Sverre I dies at Bjørgvin. In this reign, the King has led Cotland back towards its lost prosperity; however, in the process, he has gained mighty enemies who started funding Baglerne. While Sverre's son Håkon III Sverresson succeeds his throne, Baglerne opposes this and the First Cottish Civil War flares back up again.
March 18, 1203:[Itailian Maifias] Marinos dies of a sickness in the early spring, and he is succeeded by a distant Argryis relative, Theofylaktos the Younger.
February 8, 1205:[Itailian Maifias] Theofylaktos launches the first of his many reforms, aimed at updating the codes, laws and administration of the Unified Egypt's. Despite the French claiming the throne of Upper Egypt he maintains it among his titles, and although he does not make military moves against the Crusader state, he hopes that his reforms will eventually enable him to.
December 11, 1206: [Cotland] Two Birkebeiners rescue Håkon Håkonson, heir to the Cottish throne and sole surviving male member of the Hårfagre Clan from certain death. The actions of the Birkebeiners in protecting the Hårfagre Clan leads to a strong tie between the Birkebeiners and the Hårfagre Clan, who pledge to reward the Birkebeiners if and when they can assume the throne again.
August 5, 1211:[Itailian Maifias] In one of the more controversial acts, Theofylaktos forms the Council of Makrat, which is composed of a priest from every established Kemet order or temple and is legislatively appointed the head of the Kemetic religion. This was done to distance the Pharaoh position from the ancient faith, and also try to help stabilize the religion that was still a huge part of daily lives for hundreds of thousands of Egyptians; the Council largely bases themselves out of the Alexandria Compound.
October 11, 1212:[Itailian Maifias] In one of his last major reformations, the Satraps are renamed to Nomes, and are reorganized for consolidation. The nomarchs are appointed by either the Pharaoh or his vizier, now called Archon thanks to the new reforms, and they are free to appoint local magistrates and the like. Theofylaktos's other final act is to collect all of the new laws and codes into a single codex, the Nómoi tou Áno kai tou Káto, and was printed in Greek, Semitic, Aramaic, Arabic and Latin to ensure widespread understanding and distribution.
September 1, 1214:[Itailian Maifias] The death of King Phillip at the Battle of Bouvines reaches the court of the Pharaoh; before he can act however, an French force "patrols" the road from Tanta and Cairo as a means to deter any Egyptian action, which is successful.
1217 - 1240: [Cotland] Håkon Håkonson rules as King and consolidates his position. All remaining supporters of the Lade Clan are discovered and convinced of the error of their ways. The Birkebeiners are rewarded for their loyalty to the Hårfagre Clan and remain among the most important supporters to Håkons throne.
June 17, 1217: [Cotland] Håkon Håkonson comes of age and leads the combined Hårfagre-Birkebeiner forces to victory over the Lade Clan in the Battle of Tønsberg, where Valdemar Lade is captured. After a public execution, Håkon Håkonson remains as the sole surviving claimant of age to the throne and is crowned as King of Cotland. He follows Harald Hardrådes' example and slaughters all remaining members of the Lade Clan, thus securing his throne from any future pretenders from this clan.
1219: [Cotland] Cottish forces expand north, subjugating the Samis in Finnmark and Lappland and force these territories under the Cottish crown.
1222 - 1230: [Cotland] Cottish forces invade Finland and after an eight-year struggle, they force Finland to join Cotland. Over the years, the Finns manage to restore the right to maintain their traditional language and customs and become the most zealous defenders of Cotland and its monarchy.
August 9, 1228:[Itailian Maifias] Theofylaktos the Younger dies, with no issue. Although his death would launch a period of high instability and unrest, he is largely well remembered in history, mostly for updating Egyptian governance and administration into the current times and for being a fair leader. He is notable for being the final Pharaoh entombed in a pyramid, for as of this point the collection at Memphis numbers more than 21.
1236: [Cotland] The First Cottish-Novgorodian War starts. With all of Scandinavia secured under Cottish rule and their positions consolidated, Cotland starts looking to the east. Cottish forces invade Novgorod.
July 19, 1237:[Itailian Maifias] Angevin forces arrive in the French Egyptian lands, bringing news that the Plantagenet realm had unified the French and English crowns, establishing an Angevin Empire. The territory they control in Egypt is granted to Stephen Grosvenor, a minor Norman noble and veteran of the prior Crusades. He immediately takes advantage of the unrest rocking the Pharaonate and takes control of the Sinai peninsula totally after a four year campaign, uniting Angevin domains in the Levant with those they held in Egypt.
July 15, 1240: [Cotland] The Battle of Neva sees Cotland suffer a defeat at the hands of a superior, combined Russian army led by Alexander Nevsky. The Cottish army, led by Jarl Håvard the Brutal, is slaughtered, leaving only a handful of survivors and causes widespread uproar in Cotland. This monumental battle is seen as the beginnings of Russo-Cottish animosity which lasts until the present day.
Late Winter 1240: [Cotland] A clash between King Håkon and the Birkebeiners over how to prosecute the war in Novgorod see the Birkebeiners removed from their position of power and disappear from the political scene and into the annals of history.
June 18, 1241: [Cotland] The First Cottish-Novgorodian War ends with the Treaty of Riga.
Summer 1251: [Cotland, Layarteb] Greenland is annexed into Cotland by Torstein "the Gruesome" Helterson.
May 1252: [Cotland, Layarteb] Iceland, which had experienced independence during the First Cottish Civil War, is annexed back to Cotland. The Christian monks there are sacrificed as their monasteries are converted to pagan temples.
December 17, 1263: [Cotland] Håkon Håkonson dies of sickness in the Orkneys after a failed invasion of Scotland. He is succeeded by his son Magnus.
Spring 1305: [Cotland, Layarteb] Cottish explorers returning to recolonize Vinland are caught in a storm and are washed-up far-off course, only to discover a bustling civilization in North America.
Summer 1349: [Cotland] The Black Plague arrives in Cotland and sweeps over the Cottish lands over the next two years. An estimated 20% - 40% of the population dies from the plague.
February 20, 1356:[Itailian Maifias] In a massive battle northwest of Cairo, Angevin forces led by Duke Clement Grosvenor numbering well into 10,000 knights and infantry combat a much smaller force of Egyptians, and they quickly take the field and rout the opposition. Faced with near total loss of control in Kush and Lower Egypt, and the fact there was no longer any opposition between Angevins and Alexandria, the question of Egyptian independence was mostly answered.
December 4, 1356:[Itailian Maifias] Angevin forces under Duke Grosvenor arrive at Alexandria and make light, quick work of its depleted garrison; the Pharaoh surrenders and King Geoffrey adds the title Pharaoh of Both Egypt's to his collection, marking the end of Egyptian independence for the first time since the era of the Romans.
July 1, 1418: [Cotland] The Second Cottish-Novgorodian War starts with a Cottish invasion of Novgorod. Three years of violent warfare follows.
September 2, 1421: [Cotland] The Second Cottish-Novgorodian War ends with the Treaty of Kazan, which sees the affairs of the two nations returned to status quo ante bellum.
August 9, 1425: [Cotland, Itailian Maifias] Cotland and Germania sign a formal trade agreement.
February 28, 1459: [Cotland, Itailian Maifias] King Valdemar III dies without issue, resulting in the Emperor Sigismund of the Holy Roman Empire deciding to launch another attempt at converting Cotland to Christianity in a show of personal piety to the Pope. The Emperor unilaterally declares a Crusade against Cotland and intensifies religious pogroms against pagans. In return, the Cottish tings elect Karl Stolte, a distant cousin of King Valdemar, as King of Cotland. King Karl immediately starts preparations for war in order to defend Cotland from the Crusaders.
April 12, 1459: [Cotland, Itailian Maifias] Emperor Sigismund launches an invasion of the Cottish territory of Danemark, intending to purge Europe of the pagan menace once and for all. While the Holy Roman Army rampages through the Danish countryside, Cottish strongholds, castles, and fortified towns resist the invaders while desperate pleas for help are sent to King Karl.
June 17, 1460: [Cotland] The Battle of Koster occurs. A 66,000-strong combined Christian army lands near the town of Koster in Svea and meets a 45,000-strong battle-hardened Cottish army led by King Karl I in battle. The Christians are weary after a stormy transit over the Baltic Sea and suffer from poor leadership and coordination between the armies of three different nations. On the other side, the Cottish are battle-hardened from fighting in the east, they have a unified command structure, and they are fighting for their homes. Over the next twelve hours, the Cottish slaughter the Christian army, while the Leidang attacks and sinks the fleet that brought in the Christians. Survivors of the battle are sacrificed to the gods, in a move that King Karl hopes will discourage the Christians from further attempts. His hopes are crushed as the Christians, angered and strengthened in their resolve by the human sacrifices, re-attempt the invasion several times over the next two years.
August 4, 1462: [Cotland] The Fourth Battle of København occurs. King Karl falls on the field of battle while leading a cavalry charge against a Christian army besieging København. Despite the King's death, the Cottish Army breaks the siege and vanquishes the Christians. Karl's son Torstein is hailed as King and decides to take the fight to the Christians. He spends the rest of the year making his preparations.
1463 - 1465: [Cotland, Itailian Maifias] The Great Sack of Europe occurs. Enraged by the Holy Roman Empire's invasion of Cotland a few years earlier, King Torstein I leads the largest raiding force yet seen in European history, commanding an assembled army of over 100,000 Cottish warriors and 2,000 ships in a two-year pillage of Europe that sees hundreds of cities and villages burned down, hundreds of thousands slaughtered, and thousands more enslaved by the Cottish. The pillage does not end until the Holy Roman capital Aachen has been burned to the ground and Emperor Sigismund captured and publicly sacrificed to Odin, at which point Torstein issues his demands to the European powers, which is to end the crusade and to leave the Cottish alone to worship as they wish. In return, the Cottish will refrain from any further raids on Western Europe in the future. The remaining European powers agree and the Cottish withdraw back to Cotland, bringing home vast riches from the cities and monasteries of Europe and tens of thousands of fresh slaves.
Autumn 1466: [Cotland] Due to the great number of orphans left after the deaths of their parents in the previous year's wars, King Torstein I establishes a series of orphanages dubbed Houses of Honor. In these orphanages, the children will be fostered in a strict atmosphere of education and warrior skills that form the basis for an educated, highly loyal, and quite zealous new warrior caste in Cottish society. Many Houses of Honor alumni join the standing armies and the navy, forming the basis for the future Cottish officer class.
June 27, 1468: [Cotland] Cottish explorers establish the first Cottish trading post in eastern Africa, trading glass beads, firearms, and textiles with local chieftains in exchange for slaves. This is the start of what will become known as the Triangular Trade.
May 16, 1480: [Cotland, Layarteb] Cottish colonists reach the Caribbean and colonize Barbados and Saint Lucia. Local inhabitants are either killed or forced into slavery on plantations.
May 8, 1500: [Cotland] Oslo is made the capital of Cotland by King Hallvard I.
April 25, 1555: [Cotland] The First Russo-Cottish War starts. The Royal Cottish Army consists of a great number of Houses of Honor alumni, who prove their worth several times over in the field of battle of the next years of warfare.
December 25, 1561: [Cotland] The First Russo-Cottish War ends with the Treaty of Helsingfors.
May 4, 1584: [Cotland] The Second Russo-Cottish War starts as Russian forces invades eastern Cotland. Strong Cottish fortifications blunt the Russian invasion, which is brought to a stalemate.
October 16, 1585: [Cotland] The Second Russo-Cottish War ends with the Treaty of Holmgard. The province of Novgorod, occupied by Cottish forces, is formally transferred to Cotland as war repatriations.
July 4, 1589: [Cotland, Layarteb] A Cottish merchant ship is attacked by Columbian warships, who mistake it for an enemy vessel. Outraged, King Magnus VI declares war on Columbia. The war sees the Cottish fleet expanded greatly and a bitter trade war commences.
August 5, 1591: [Cotland, Layarteb] The Cottish-Columbian Trade War ends with the Treaty of Columbia City, in which Cotland receives a formal apology from Columbia along with compensation to the owners of the original attacked warship.
June 22, 1594: [Cotland] Henrik II assumes the throne on the death of Magnus VI. Under him, Cotland will see a revolution in public administration and see a wave of reforms being undertaken in order to enlighten Cotland.
January 5, 1599: [Cotland] Education is made mandatory for all Cots by Henrik II and a series of public schools are established. Literacy increases exponentially, as the privilege of being able to read and write no longer belongs exclusively to the merchants, public officials, nobility, and warriors.
May 3, 1602: [Cotland] Cotland begins overseas colonial expansion. Cottish expeditionary forces begins annexing overseas colonies in order to ensure access to raw materials for own consumption. This sparks the beginning on an almost four-hundred-year Cottish presence in other continents.
April 21, 1606: [Cotland] With the Age of Enlightenment spreading through Cotland, the people of Cotland want a greater say in the running of the country. King Henrik II is outraged by the increasing demands from the local tings to establish a permanent presence near the King where they will have a say in the administration of the Realm and he subsequently outlaws the tings. This causes widespread anger and causes the people to grab arms and rise up against the King. The Second Cottish Civil War rages for the next two years.
August 6, 1608: [Cotland] The Battle of Oslo occurs. King Henrik II falls in battle alongside his three sons, ending the royal house. This results in a ceasefire as the two sides meet to negotiate a peaceful solution, resulting in the establishment of the Great Ting (Stortinget) in 1608 II as King. Hallvard accepts and his election as King by Stortinget ends the Second Cottish as a prerequisite for electing King Hallvard Civil War.
March 18, 1620: [Cotland, Layarteb] Cotland establishes colonies on the Golden Coast of Africa in order to secure the access to slaves for the Caribbean plantations.
October 2, 1659: [Cotland, Layarteb] Unsanctioned piracy is outlawed in Cotland. For the next twelve years, the Royal Cottish Navy wages a counter-piracy campaign against the pirate chieftains that refuse to end their lucrative practice. Reported acts of piracy in Europe and Columbia are vastly reduced after the conclusion of this campaign in 1671.
March 6, 1666: [Cotland] Freedom of religion is codified in Cotland, formally ending over six hundred years of persecution of Christians in Cotland. Occasional local pogroms against Christians continue over the next hundred years.

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by **Earth_ Two** » Sat Jul 08, 2023 6:24 pm

1700 AD to 1799 AD

February 25, 1700: [Cotland] Following tensions after increased tariffs on Russian goods, Russia declares war on Cotland in what will be known as the "Great Northern War."
June 11, 1703: [Cotland] Cottish forces defeats a Russian field army in Ingermannland, and launch an invasion into the Russian-occupied Baltic.
July 8, 1709: [Cotland] The Battle of Poltava occurs. Cottish forces suffer a terrible defeat and King Fredrik II is grievously wounded as he personally leads a cavalry attack on the strong Russian positions. In all, 28,000 of the 39,000-strong Cottish Army are killed.
August 28, 1712: [Cotland] Cottish forces are on the defensive but they manage to stop a Russian invasion of Finland and Arkhangelsk. Cottish naval forces defeat a Russian fleet in the Baltic Sea.
September 30, 1720: [Cotland] The Treaty of Nystad marks the end of the Great Northern War. Russia and Cotland are both exhausted after twenty years of warfare, with much of the young male population left dead as a result of the war. A famine in Cotland has forced Cotland to the negotiation table.
1726: [Cotland] The Year of Three Kings. Fredrik II dies and is succeeded by his criminally insane son Erik V. The succession is challenged by Håkon of the Hårfagre Clan and following a brief but violent uprising supported by most of Cotland's nobility, Erik V is publicly executed by blood eagle and Håkon VI assumes the throne.
May 18,1727: [Cotland] The practice of human sacrifices is formally banned in Cotland after a three-year drought fails to end despite numerous human sacrifices.
1755 - 1785: [Cotland] Through clandestine means, Cotland achieves advanced industrial technology and plunges head-long into the Industrial Revolution. Over the next thirty years, Cotland transforms itself from a primarily agriculture-based economy to a primarily industrial economy and becomes one of the leading economic nations in the world.

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by **Earth_ Two** » Sat Jul 08, 2023 6:24 pm

1800 AD to 1849 AD

Spring 1800 - Spring 1804: [Layarteb] Over a four year period, Columbian farmers note a large increase in invasive pests and crop diseases. Investigation by the Columbian Department of Trade determines that coffee imports are the likely culprit and pins blame on three importers of coffee to the Republic of Columbia. Due to decreased crop outputs and the hassles of fighting these invasive pests and crop diseases, Columbian farmers call for stricter regulations on international imports.
May 8, 1804: [Layarteb] In response to a general call by Columbian farmers to regulate international imports in the wake of coffee imports leading to pests and disease, the Columbian Congress passes a law increasing tariffs on all international imports and subjecting them to tougher inspections at ports. This results in the formation of the Department of Agriculture and a stigma that coffee is somehow "tainted" and unsafe to consume. Yellow journalism exacerbates these unfounded beliefs, marking one of the earliest occurrences of yellow journalism causing an impact on society.
1805 - 1830: [Layarteb] In the wake of coffee-related pests and diseases affecting Columbian crops and combined with yellow journalism's fearmongering over coffee's safety, coffee use in the Republic of Columbia declines. As a result, Columbians increasingly replace coffee with tea, particularly black and green teas because of their caffeine contents. However, because black tea and especially green tea do not contain as much caffeine as coffee, Columbians drink more of it. This results in a gradual increase of tea consumption in the Republic of Columbia. Because the Republic of Columbia does not have any tea-producing areas, it is forced to import all of its tea from South Asia and Southeast Asia.
December 10, 1812: [Cotland] With machinery taking over many of the tasks one previously needed slaves to carry out, it is no longer economically sound to keep slaves. Combined with a shift in popular perception as a consequence of the Age of Enlightenment, slavery is formally banned in Cotland and the last remaining slaves are emancipated.
May 17, 1814: [Cotland] After years of debate, a formal constitution is finally adopted. The groundbreaking document codifies many practices in Cotland and provides clear guidelines for the separation of powers in Cotland, as well as the rights and privileges of the population of Cotland. The constitution also defines what powers the monarch would retain for himself and what powers were to be devolved to the branches. The constitution also defines that all elections should be free and open for all eligible for the vote. Initially, only male landowners above the age of 25 will be allowed to cast votes but this is changed in 1855 to encompass all males and females above the age of 20. The Constitution of 1814 remains in effect to this day.
December 9, 1824 – August 30, 1825: [Evangelium] Representatives from the four regions of the United Provinces (Peru, Charcas, Chile, and Río de la Plata) gather in Charcas to elect Alvarez as Emperor and proceed to pass laws that govern the newly-created Third Empire of Tawantin, a unitary, hereditary monarchy governed by the Emperor and Archbishop of Lima. The Prime Minister and the 16-member Imperial Council advise the Emperor. It is composed of four kingdoms, each overseen by a governor-general, which is further divided into provinces. Each kingdom organizes its own militia. The Office of the Inquisition is also established to suppress all non-Catholic religions and heterodoxy among the non-indigenous population. The slave trade is also outlawed, although owning slaves is still legal.
October 18, 1825: [Evangelium] The Archbishop of Lima crowns Captain General Santiago Alvarez as Martín II, Emperor of Tawantin.
1830 - 1870: [Cotland, Layarteb] With industrialization rapidly transforming Cotland from a stagnant rural society to a vibrant industrial society, there is a greatly diminished need for manual labor on farms, shifting the population from the rural areas to the cities. In addition, over four million Cots choose to emigrate to Columbia, seeing it as the "land of milk and honey." Many return and bring word of the higher productivity of Columbian industry, thus stimulating faster modernization.
Spring 1830 - Summer 1832: [Layarteb] The Five Kingdoms of Ceylon, which have existed as sovereign, independent entities on the island of Ceylon (Sri Lanka), finds itself in a major crisis. By now, Ceylon has become the largest exporter of tea to the Republic of Columbia, supplying approximately 60% of all Columbian tea imports. As a result of increased demand, Columbian companies begin to exert pressure on the five kings to provide exclusive contracts, increase production, and lower prices. What this means to the Ceylonese are more hours of labor, land seizures, and a lessening domestic supply.
Summer 1832 - Autumn 1832: [Layarteb] In response to increasing Columbian demands for tea, Ceylonese workers initiate a series of strikes. Some demonstrations and strikes are violent but most are peaceful. Workers demand increased wages, shorter working hours, overtime, weekend, and holiday compensation, and quotas on how much tea the Republic of Columbia can import. The strikes put a major dent in Columbian supply; however, the impact is perceived to be much more serious than it is.
October 1832 - April 1833: [Layarteb] Thanks again to yellow journalism, the tea crisis in Ceylon is exacerbated beyond proportions leading to hording and price gauging on tea in the Republic of Columbia. The situation lasts approximately five-and-a-half months but the impact on Columbian society is much more damaging.
April 13, 1833: [Layarteb] On the "Ides of April" - as the day will become known - the five kings of Ceylon unify together against the Republic of Columbia, instantly drawing the appreciation of the people and the ire of Columbia City. The five kings sign what will become known as the April Labor Agreement. The agreement outlines a maximum work week of 60 hours (down from the average of 96 hours), overtime compensation requirements, and a minimum wage defined as the amount of money an average worker requires per day to feed a four-person family. The five kings stop short of issuing quotas on exports but the labor changes effectively establish backdoor quotas. What this means to Columbian companies is a dramatic increase in cost.
May - October 1833: [Layarteb] The Columbian government and the five kings of Ceylon attempt to negotiate a settlement in response to the April Labor Agreement. The negotiations are had with much difficulty and Ceylonese leaders begin to ponder punitive measures against what they define as "Columbian arrogance."
January 13 - February 26, 1834: [Layarteb] The Five Kingdoms of Ceylon undergoes massive political reform, unifying into the Kingdom of Ceylon. This new political entity sees the establishment of a new system of government. To unify their strength against the Republic of Columbia, the five kings meet to elect an overall King of Ceylon from their number. This takes the most amount of time and there are several failed votes until King Senarat V is proclaimed King of Ceylon. Previously the King of Kotte, he establishes Colombo as the seat of his government. Each of the other kings and his successor becomes viceroy over his domain with complete and total authority over the people therein. The King of Ceylon however has the power to negotiate treaties and raise a unified army from the five kingdoms, giving him the power to present a unified front to the Republic of Columbia.
Summer 1834: [Layarteb] In his most decisive acts as King of Ceylon, Senarat V imposes quotas on tea exports, establishes a national army and navy, and bans Columbian companies from owning plantations in Ceylon. This lattermost act results in four companies losing a total of 155 hectares (383 acres) of land, a major loss in capital. Senarat V does not provide compensation for the seizure of this land.
Autumn 1834: [Layarteb] In response to King Senarat V's land seizures in Ceylon, Columbian tea companies lobby the Columbian Congress to act against Ceylon. In a closed-door vote, the Columbian Congress votes overwhelmingly in favor of action against Ceylon, authorizing President David Gold to wage war on the Kingdom of Ceylon if they will not return the land to the Columbian companies and lift their export quotas.
October 1834 - December 1834: [Layarteb] In an attempt to avoid conflict, President David Gold sends Jasper R. Dunfree to the Kingdom of Ceylon to negotiate a lasting treaty for tea trade. Despite being well-received by King Senarat V and much more compromising of a negotiator than Columbians of the past, the sting of past negotiations is still lingering with the Ceylonese. Dunfree is forced to leave Ceylon empty-handed, paving the way for military action.
May 19 - 22, 1835: [Layarteb] Jasper Dunfree returns to Columbia City after a long journey of five-and-a-half months to find that President David Gold has already prepared a massive invasion force to sail to Ceylon and seize it under the name of Columbia. He finds himself addressing the Columbian Congress within 3 days of his arrival. By the end of the week, President David Gold authorizes the departure of the largest ever Columbian war fleet consisting of 37 warships and nearly 20,000 men. The fleet is named the Great Columbian Fleet by the press and it is led by Admiral James Harris, future President of the Republic of Columbia.
May 26 - June 2, 1835: [Layarteb] The Great Columbian Fleet reaches their first stopover in Bermuda where they spend 7 days taking on weapons, supplies, and men. The Great Columbian Fleet departs with 50 warships and nearly 26,000 men.
June 16 - 21, 1835: [Layarteb] The Great Columbian Fleet reaches Cape Verde, its second stopover on its long, 3-month journey to Ceylon. There, it stays 5 days to replenish supplies and offload men who have been killed or become too ill to continue the journey. Approximately 280 men altogether depart the Great Columbian Fleet at Cape Verde.
June 29 - July 1, 1835: [Layarteb] The Great Columbian Fleet reaches Ascension Island and once again replenishes supplies and men over a 2-day stay. The fleet departs with no net loss to its manpower size.
July 6 - 8, 1835: [Layarteb] The Great Columbian Fleet reaches Saint Helena and once again spends 2 days replenishing supplies and men. The men who are offloaded in Saint Helena will ultimately go on to be the island's first permanent residents, helping fortify and establish the island as a waypoint for Columbian ships heading into the South Atlantic.
July 18 - 21, 1835: [Layarteb] After traveling almost 10 days from Saint Helena, the Great Columbian Fleet stops over again for a 3-day port call for resupply.
August 14 - 24, 1835: [Layarteb] The Great Columbian Fleet is moving rapidly towards Ceylon when they discover a previously uncharted island archipelago in the Indian Ocean. Making a detour, as it is within the parameters of Admiral Harris' mission. Sailors and seamen spend 10 days exploring what will become known as Diego Garcia in the Chagos Archipelago. During this time, Admiral Harris allows the men to relax in preparation of the coming invasion of Ceylon. Before departing, Admiral Harris claims the island archipelago in the name of the Republic of Columbia but it will not be for another three decades that Columbians set foot on Diego Garcia again.
August 30, 1835 - February 21, 1838: [Layarteb] In what will become known as the First Tea War, the Republic of Columbia and the Kingdom of Ceylon engages in warfare. The Great Columbian Fleet lands on August 21, 1835 at the modern-day cities of Weligama and Galle. Though the massive armada is seen several hours before it makes landfall, the Ceylonese are caught completely by surprise and King Senarat V is unable to muster troops fast enough. Over the next 2 years, 5 months, 3 weeks, and 3 days, the First Tea War rages on the island-nation of Ceylon. In the end, King Senarat V is defeated at Colombo and the Columbian soldiers take complete and total control over Ceylon. At the time of the invasion, the population of Ceylon is estimated at 900,000 and Columbian forces are outnumbered 9:1. The war sees fewer than 2,000 Columbians killed or wounded in battle against over 20,000 killed and wounded Ceylonese. In the end, Senarat V is forced into exile and the Columbian flag flies over Colombo.
October 10, 1835: [Evangelium] The Empire of Tawantin establishes formal diplomatic relations with the Confederation of Caribbean Communities, which begins lifting Tawantin out of a 25-year recession.
Summer 1838 - 1871: [Layarteb] The population of Ceylon explodes nearly 200% under status as a Columbian colony. Columbian soldiers and authorities will fight an insurgency varying at times between low and high intensity over the course of 33 years, finally defeating the last remnants of insurgent groups in 1871. During this time, Columbian companies take over all tea plantations on the island but stop short of repealing the April Labor Agreement from 1833. Eventually, labor laws rolled out in the Republic of Columbia will find their way to the colony.
1840 - 1845: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Columbian colonization of Ceylon as a result of the First Tea War leads to an expansion of the Republic of Columbia into the tea trade. As a result, the Republic of Columbia comes to desire more access into southeastern China, specifically the areas under the dominion of the Great Yue Kingdom.
January 1, 1840: [Evangelium] Emperor Martín II abolishes slavery due to the formal recognition that all human life begins at conception.
Summer - Early Winter 1845: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Several missions are sent to the Great Yue Kingdom in an effort to open up Yue markets to Columbian tea traders; however, the leaders of the kingdom are major players in the tea trade and stand against Columbian efforts.
Spring 1846 - Autumn 1850: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Despite its best efforts, the Republic of Columbia fails to make headway in the effort to "open up" the Great Yue Kingdom's tea markets. The Yue leaders, fully aware of what the Republic of Columbia did in Ceylon, want assurances from the Republic of Columbia on trade quotas, non-aggression, tariffs, and so on and so forth. However, the Republic of Columbia will not accept these conditions, wanting as much access as is possible.

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by **Earth_ Two** » Sat Jul 08, 2023 6:26 pm

1850 AD to 1899 AD

December 1850 - April 1851: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] In Columbia City, President Andrew George convenes a series of meetings with various leaders and business magnates of the Republic of Columbia. In conclusion, President George believes that it may take military action to "open up" the Great Yue Kingdom. He commissions the military to present a plan for such action, giving them the summer to present their idea.
September 1851: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] In Columbia City, President George is shown the full reach of a military plan to invade and topple the Great Yue Kingdom's leadership. However, unlike the plan with Ceylon, it does not call for colonization but rather regime change to someone who is friendlier to Columbian business interests. No leader is named yet but there are several candidates identified by business magnates involved in the tea trade.
Autumn 1851 - Spring 1852: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] The Columbian military makes preparations on Ceylon to send 40 warships and just over 20,000 men to the Great Yue Kingdom. The plan will involve sailing some 2,750 nautical miles to the island of Hainan for its capture. The Columbian military will intend to turn Hainan into a staging area with which they will send as many as 40,000 men into the Great Yue Kingdom but it will take significantly more time to bring the additional 20,000 men into the theater. It is estimated that the Great Yue Kingdom will be able to raise as many as 200,000 men to defend their kingdom.
May 8, 1852: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Forty warships and approximately 20,800 men depart Ceylon in what is dubbed The Great Oriental Fleet. It is placed under the command of Admiral Thomas Oliphant and General Michael White, the latter who will lead the ground operations once they reach Hainan.
May 21, 1852: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] After thirteen days at sea, which is several days longer than expected, the Great Oriental Fleet makes landfall in the Great Yue Kingdom on the southern end of the island of Hainan just east of what will become modern-day Sanya.
May 21 - July 19, 1852: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Over the course of fifty-nine days, Columbian and Yue forces fight various battles across the rugged lands of southern Hainan. In a major victory for Columbian forces, the garrison at Qiongzhong is defeated at the end of this period and Columbian forces establish their flag over approximately half of the island. Defending against Yue counterattacks, Columbian forces build up their defenses while ransacking the lands for supplies over the next thirty days.
August 18 - October 29, 1852: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Over the course of seventy-two days, Columbian forces move on and secure the remainder of Hainan Island, completing the first phase of their objective. Casualties are heavily skewed with fewer than five hundred Columbians dead against over ten thousand Yue dead. Many villages, towns, and cities on Hainan are subsequently ransacked by Columbian forces, leading to even more casualties amongst the civilian population of Hainan.
November 1852: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Upon hearing of the phenomenon known as the "annual fog," Columbian commanders opt to hold their position on Hainan until January and February before moving on the Yue mainland, unaware that the Yue are planning to utilize the same weather phenomenon to counterattack on Hainan.
November 6, 1852: [Layarteb] Unable to run due to term limits, President Andrew George's successor, his Vice President, Steven Toler, loses the election to the Federalist Clarence Turner, a lawyer. Clarence Turner will assume office on January 2, 1853. Little time is spent on the Second Tea War in the campaign period, largely because it is considered "so far away" from the Columbian republic.
December 26, 1852: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Columbian spies reveal the existence of a sizeable Yue force amassed on the opposite side of the Qiongzhou Strait. In a daring and risky move, General White orders men to sail to the other side and sabotage the preparations by Yue forces.
December 28, 1852 - January 2, 1853: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] In what is perhaps the Republic of Columbia's first true foray into what will eventually become known as "special operations," a handpicked force of four hundred Columbian soldiers and ninety-two Columbian sailors under the command of Colonel Frederick Fleming spend five days transiting the Qiongzhou Strait - both ways - and sabotaging Yue forces behind their lines. Their operations will see only seven men killed and eleven wounded while dealing a massive blow to Yue forces. Colonel Fleming will one day be decorated with the Order of Comhghall for his actions during this raid, which is the nation's highest military award.
January 23 - February 2, 1853: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Columbian forces surge into the Qiongzhou Strait and make several successful landings on the Yue mainland. Sabotage efforts have prevented the Yue from crossing the Qiongzhou Strait to counterattack on Hainan, thus putting them at a major disadvantage as Columbians utilize the thick fog to evade cannon fire meant to dissuade their crossing.
Mid-February 1853 - Summer 1853: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] In a series of battles, Columbian forces, war-weary but in high spirits, make significant progress up the Leizhou Peninsula but they find, as the weeks wear on, that Yue forces are much better prepared than they were on Hainan.
July 4, 1853: [Evangelium] Emperor Martín II dies at the age of 67. The Archbishop of Lima crowns his eldest son as Sebastian, Emperor of Tawantin at the age of 42.
September 1853: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Columbian forces reach Leizhou, sieging and capturing the city but at great cost, hampering their efforts to go further until reinforcements arrive.
Autumn 1853 - Late Winter 1854: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Delays encountered by Columbian forces mean that troops on the Leizhou Peninsula are largely left to fend for themselves. Casualties begin to mount and Yue forces, seemingly endless, continue to push against Columbian lines.
March 5, 1854: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Columbian reinforcements finally arrive in Hainan with 20,000 fresh troops. They immediately set out for the Leizhou Peninsula.
Spring - Autumn 1854: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Bolstered by fresh troops, Columbian forces march further north up the Leizhou Peninsula, eventually reaching Lianjiang. They will go no further than here however. Besieged on all sides and from within their own lines by Yue forces and stay behind elements, Columbian troops are battered too severely and a stalemate of sorts sets in as Columbian forces hold their ground but are unable to advance. During this period, the port city of Zhanjiang is razed to the ground by fire in an effort to deliver a great blow to the Yue government and people. This atrocity will see over 100,000 people killed, many of them civilian.
Early Winter 1854 - Spring 1855: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Pressure begins to mount at home as more and more Columbian citizens grow frustrated with the lack of success in the Second Tea War. President Turner draws the ire of a specific journalist whose brother is killed in the war. Whole newspapers turn against him in an effort to blame him for all of the failures of the Second Tea War.
April 10, 1855: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Frustrated by his treatment by the press, President Turner offers a chance of a ceasefire to the Great Yue Kingdom.
May - July 1855: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Amidst a ceasefire between the Great Yue Kingdom and the Republic of Columbia, negotiations are conducted to end the Second Tea War. Representatives of both parties are at loggerheads for a majority of the negotiations until an invasion of Hong Kong and Macau is threatened. Ultimately, the terms are settled with the Republic of Columbia withdrawing from mainland Yue, Hainan transferring to Columbian ownership, and a guarantee that Columbian forces will not move on the Great Yue Kingdom again. Furthermore, the agreement effectively blocks the Republic of Columbia from the Yue tea trade.
May 2, 1855: [Cotland] The voting age is reduced to 20 and suffrage is granted to both males and females.
July 10, 1855: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] Representatives of the Great Yue Kingdom and the Republic of Columbia sign a peace treaty in Macau, ending the Second Tea War. The war has left over 5,000 Columbian soldiers killed and a further 7,000 wounded. Over 250,000 civilians are killed with many more displaced and/or wounded. Yue casualties are estimated at over 80,000 killed but no true number exists. The Yue's navy is nearly completely wiped out as a result of the conflict.
August 11, 1855: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] President Turner, still harangued in the press by the abysmal failure of the Second Tea War, despite the gain of Hainan, authorizes a back channel communique to representatives of the Margrave family, who had settled in the Great Yue Kingdom following their flight from Columbia for their role in the assassination of President Vincent Hardy.
September 9, 1855: [Freistaat-Ostafrika, Layarteb] President Turner signs a secret deal with Allister Margrave, the head of the Margrave family. The deal is contingent upon the overthrow of the Yue leadership and the opening of the Yue tea trade to the Republic of Columbia. Should this be successful, the Republic of Columbia will forgive the Margrave family for their involvement in the assassination of President Hardy. In doing so, seized funds and properties will be returned to the family and any outstanding warrants for the family nullified. The Second Tea War concludes shortly thereafter.
Autumn 1855 - Spring 1860: [Layarteb] Working over four-and-a-half years, the Republic of Columbia establishes the Colony of Hainan, which includes Hainan, the Paracel Islands, Pratas Island, and the Spratly Islands. Just as it has done with the Colony of Ceylon, the Columbian administration aims to transform society into one that is compatible with and aligned to Columbian culture and values. While the local languages, customs, and histories are not erased, they are integrated with those of Columbian culture. This presents considerable tension but Columbian forces held back in Hainan to enforce order are effective in combating insurgencies and guerilla movements. Unlike in Ceylon though, there are no plans to grant nominal autonomy to the territory.
April 11 - May 16, 1856: [Cotland] A brief border war with Russia in 1856 cements the Cottish borders in western Russia.
November 1, 1856: [Layarteb] Bradley Jackson, a Centrist journalist, handsomely defeats his opponent, the incumbent President Clarence Turner on the promise of no military action in the Far East, utilizing the conclusion of the Second Tea War and the ceasefire's poor reception amongst the people as a main attacking point. As a journalist, Jackson is able to corral virtual unanimous praise within the media, effectively denying President Turner any chance for a fair reception amongst the people. This is considered the true "dawn of yellow journalism" in Columbia, despite prior instances.
Spring 1858 - Winter 1860: [Layarteb] Columbian explorers from Ceylon travel to the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands and discover the rich timber growing on the Andaman Islands and beautiful birds of both island groups. The Ceylonese authorities ultimately move to make both island groups a part of the Colony of Ceylon. During this time however, Columbian explorers from Ceylon discover the Sentinelese tribe on North Sentinel Island. The hostility of these people largely forces Columbian explorers away from the island after several explorers are killed while attempting to make peaceful contact. Over the years, North Sentinel Island will exist as a mystery to the Columbians. Military campaigns are always ruled out and ultimately, the Sentinelese people are left to their own devices. Dozens of poachers, would-be explorers, anthropologists, and adventure seekers will be killed by the Sentinelese people over the years until the present day.
1866 - 1869: [Layarteb] Over a 3-year period, Columbian personnel from Ceylon travel to the Chagos Archipelago, particularly Diego Garcia, and construct a major, naval supply station. This provides a waypoint for fleets traveling to and from Ceylon via the Atlantic Ocean.
January 18, 1870: [Evangelium] Emperor Sebastián oversees the successful unification of the new Tawantin Armed Forces and appoints himself as Captain General. Brazil grows worried now that its military is less than half the size of the newly combined armed forces of Tawantin. The Emperor also reorganizes the four kingdoms into four departments directly under his rule.
February 14, 1875: [Evangelium] Emperor Sebastián dies at the age of 63. The Archbishop of Lima crowns Sebastián’s grandson, Prince Francisco, as the new emperor, taking the regnal name Martín Sebastián. However, at the age of 13, he is unable to govern without a regent. His mother governs as the Princess Regent until his 20th birthday in 1881.
1895 - 1915: [Evangelium] Tawantin embarks on the enlargement and the modernization of its military, including the beginning of mandatory conscription of all males aged 18 - 20.

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by **Earth_ Two** » Sat Jul 08, 2023 6:26 pm

1900 AD to 1969 AD

January 7, 1905: [Evangelium] Emperor Martín Sebastián convokes the first constituent assembly in Charcas to begin working on formally codifying a Constitution for Tawantin.
October 28, 1907: [Layarteb] The Colony of Ceylon is officially granted nominal autonomy within its domestic affairs. It loses its status as a colony and becomes an autonomous republic, titled the Ceylonese Republic. It will include the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Ceylon, and the Chagos Archipelago.
April 9, 1911: [Cotland] The Fourth Russo-Cottish War starts with a Russian invasion of Cotland following a sudden royal pregnancy.
December 11, 1911: [Cotland] Cottish explorer Roald Amundsen reach the South Pole as the first human being in history, beating challenger Robert Perry Scott by a whole month.
December 12, 1911: [Evangelium] The Crown Princess Maria is wed to an indigenous man, Ceferino Namuncurá of the Mapuche people, at the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Cathedral. This causes both great controversy and celebration throughout Tawantin because it means that a future emperor/empress will not be a Criollo. Just prior to their marriage, Emperor Martín Sebastián created Namuncurá the 1st Duke of the Andes.
October 18, 1915: [Cotland] The Fourth Russo-Cottish War ends with the Treaty of Sankt Petersborg. Cotland is formally given control of the territories of Vladimir, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, and Kostroma. In exchange, Prince Henrik accepts parental responsibility and marries Princess Irina.
June 30, 1918: [Evangelium] Emperor Martín Sebastián promulgates the Empire of Tawantin's first Constitution.
November 17, 1923: [Evangelium] Emperor Martín Sebastián dies at the age of 62. The Archbishop of Lima crowns his eldest child, Maria, as the first Empress Regnant of Tawantin at the age of 34.
March 11, 1936: [Cotland] Cotland formally adopts the stance of "Protected Trade," meaning that it will refrain from interfering in politics in what is deemed "the distant overseas." This is defined as "countries that do not physically border Cotland;" however a stipulation exists, "as long as they don't disturb Cottish trade."
May 7, 1942: [Cotland] The dictatorship of Smolensk, located in western Russia, launches an invasion of Cotland following rapidly deteriorating diplomatic relations. This is the start of the First Cottish-Smolenski War.
October 22, 1944: [Cotland] Cotland detonates its first nuclear bomb over the Barents Sea. This forces the Smolenski leadership to the negotiating table.
November 11, 1944: [Cotland] The First Cottish-Smolenski War ends with the Treaty of Oslo. In the two-year war, Cotland develops its first nuclear bomb but the war ends before Cotland can use this new weapon. In the end, 510,000 Cottish soldiers are killed, comprared to 1,307,000 dead Smolenski soldiers.
December 29, 1950: [Cotland] King Håkon VII of Cotland dies of pneumonia, aged 77. He is succeeded by his son, Olav V.
1951 - 1956: [Cotland] A series of small border skirmishes between Cottish and Russian forces cement the existing Cottish borders.
February 2, 1951: [Cotland] The Second Smolenski War starts. Hellbent on avenging the defeat nine years prior and taking advantage of the recent death of King Håkon VII, Smolensk is joined by ally Pantheaa as they launch a second invasion against Cotland. For the next five months, the war continues until it ends with a full-scale Cottish strategic bombardment of Pantheaa's capital with over one thousand strategic bombers carrying high-explosive, incendiary, and chemical warheads. Pantheaa surrenders quickly while Smolensk surrenders shortly thereafter when Cotland's new king, Olav V, threatens to nuke the Smolenski capital if they won't come to the negotiating table. The war sees 84,000 Cottish KIA, 475,000 Smolenski KIA, and 1,112,000 Panthean KIA.
June 7, 1957: [Cotland] The Realm of Cotland celebrates its first millennium and is at its definite height with over 1.4 billion subjects in all corners of the world.
February 22, 1958: [Evangelium] Empress Maria convokes the second constituent assembly to begin major updates to the Constitution that reflect the new realities and contemporary concerns of the 20th century. This request surprises the entire political establishment with some questioning whether the Empress was becoming senile. Her eldest son, the Crown Prince Juan, had already begun to take over more governing duties a few years prior.
October 1, 1958: [Layarteb] President William Baltz fulfills a major campaign promise to the people of the Colony of Hainan by sponsoring a bill in the Columbian Congress to grant autonomy to the Hainanese people. The bill passes with a handsome majority and the Hainanese Republic is established underneath the Republic of Layarteb after some 103 years.
November 16, 1960: [Cotland] Cotland detonates its first hydrogen bomb over an uninhabited atoll in the Pacific.
April 9 - November 22, 1964: [Cotland] The Third War with Smolensk occurs. Smolensk attempts to shift attention from the growing internal unrest by launching a third invasion of Cotland, allegedly in order to correct the border with Cotland. The Cottish resist fiercely. The border regions of both countries are ravaged over the next six months until the war ends with a negotiated cease-fire. Casualties ultimately comes to 11,000 Cottish KIA versus 32,000 Smolenski KIA.
May 5, 1966: [Cotland] Oil is discovered in the North Sea, which triggers a new economic golden age for Cotland. Within three years, the first oil field is operational and within a few years, Cotland enjoys oil and natural gas independence. Large quantities of North Sea oil and natural gas is exported abroad, thus boosting the Cottish economy, which until now, has relied primarily on fisheries, farming, and heavy industry. The discovery of natural gas and oil also prompts the development and refinement of offshore-related technology and puts Cotland among the world's leading nations in petroleum and deep-sea technology.
June 29, 1968: [Evangelium] Empress Maria promulgates the new Constitution as one of her last major public appearances. The most groundbreaking change is that the unitary, hereditary, absolute monarchy of the Empire of Tawantin will become a federated, elective, executive-constitutional monarchy as the Federal Union of Tawantin. The first election of a new monarch will occur upon the death, resignation, or removal of Queen Maria. This also means that all titles associated with the royal family are no longer able to be passed on by birth. The new Constitution also legalizes the practice of religions and Christian denominations other than Catholicism.
March 19 - 20, 1969: [Yemen (NPC)] At the start of Muharram, a coup d'état is launched by General Waqar Jabir Touma against the reigning King Abdullah IV and the royalist government. The coup is carried out during the late evening hours with a core force of approximately 70 men, virtually all of them high-ranking officers in the Yemeni military. By dawn of the following day, the entirety of the Kingdom of Yemen is within their hands. General Touma declares himself Supreme Leader of the People's Republic of Yemen and begins the installation of a leftist, Marxist government.
March 21 - 28, 1969: [Yemen (NPC)] In protest over the overthrow of King Abdullah IV, massive demonstrations by Yemeni civilizations paralyzes the capital of Sana'a. The people are opposed to the establishment of a Marxist regime. The most vocal anti-Marxist group comes from the country's farmers who face collectivization of their land but soon massive scores of ordinary citizens join in on the protests.
March 28, 1969: [Yemen (NPC)] Yemeni soldiers finally take to the streets to suppress the protests. What results is a day of clashes between protestors and the Yemeni military. In the end, hundreds are killed with the official number being unknown. Opposition estimates ranged from between 100 and 500. A total of 9 Yemeni soldiers were killed during the clashes, some by friendly fire.
April - August 1969: [Yemen (NPC)] Over the course of five months, Yemeni citizens march and protest regularly against the new government. In virtually every instance, violence erupts and gradually, the protestors become an armed and protect force leading to open street warfare in Sana'a by early summer 1969. Thousands are killed, most of them protestors.
May 12 - June 30, 1969: [Cotland] The Fourth War with Smolensk takes place. It is the hitherto shortest war between Cotland and Smolensk, lasting only six weeks. Still, casualties stand at 8,000 Cottish KIA and 50,000 Smolenski KIA
August 2 - 19, 1969: [Yemen (NPC)] Over an 18-day period, Yemeni military forces conduct a major counterinsurgency operation in Sana'a that leads to the capture and arrest of three-quarters of the opposition's leadership. Thousands of protestors previously identified at rallies are taken into custody as well. The operation cripples the opposition and breaks the back of the leadership. While there are protests throughout the rest of the year, few are organized and they are quickly broken up by military forces.
Autumn - Early Winter 1969: [Yemen (NPC)] Through a series of skilled raids, Yemeni security forces round up the last members of the Yemeni royal dynasty and its political leadership. Only those who had fled Yemen remain alive. By this point, Yemen's prisons begin to overflow with political prisoners and several new prison camps are ordered to be constructed.
October 3, 1969: [Evangelium] Queen Maria dies at the age of 80. Nine days after her death, the national legislature of Tawantin elects 46-year-old Enrique José Montes as the first King of the Federal Union of Tawantin after much debate for 11 days. King Enrique José is the first partly indigenous ruler of Tawantin in 380 years (his mother is Guaraní).

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by **Earth_ Two** » Sat Jul 08, 2023 6:27 pm

1970 AD to 1984 AD

1970 - 1974: [Yemen (NPC)] Under Touma's leadership, the country undergoes a forced and abrupt transition into his vision of a Marxist state. A minimum wage is set, labor laws are codified, the cultivation of khat is banned, schools segregated by gender are desegregated, religion takes a back seat to many initiatives, angering the countries imams and more conservative bases, and massive public works projects are initiated. Unemployment drops to a worldwide low as those without jobs are forced into working on these projects. During this time, the world condemns his as a dictator and Islamic fundamentalists begin to rile support around the Muslim world for his overthrow. Despite this, the quality of life improves and social and economic reforms gain traction.
December 1, 1973: [Cotland] A Cottish-sponsored rebellion in Scotland overthrows the local Goodrule Government and Cottish forces are requested to intervene. Before Cottish forces can be assembled, the Goodrule government strikes back and violently subdues the rebellion.
March 23, 1974: [Cotland] After several months of preparations, Cottish forces invade Goodrule Scotland.
April 9, 1974: [Yemen (NPC)] A hired assassin named Ammar Hadad fails to assassinate Supreme Leader Waqar Jabir Touma. He is captured in his escape attempt and he is put on public trial for this. He will ultimately be condemned to death and hanged publically in Sana'a.
April 10, 1974: [Yemen (NPC)] In the wake of the failed attempt on Touma's life, Touma initiates a major purge of the Special Guard, his personal bodyguard force. The purge sees two-thirds of its officers and soldiers thrown in jail and their property confiscated by the government. Touma calls upon the People's Assembly to initiate a major crackdown on religious groups after it is determined that Hadad was paid by several prominent imams and clerics.
April 11 - 18, 1974 : [Yemen (NPC)] Over a 7-day period that will become known as Black April, twenty-three prominent Islamic clerics and imams are arrested and have their mosques shuttered for their role in the attempted assassination of Touma. Yemeni courts will eventually sentence nine of these men to death but Touma, wishing to avoid making martyrs of them, commutes their sentences to twenty years each. Due to their age though, six of the nine will die before they reach the end of their sentences.
April 30, 1974: [Cotland] After a month, Cottish forces have taken control of most of lowland Scotland and join forces with Scottish rebels fighting the Goodrule government. The Cottish have suffered significant casualties but are constantly fed reinforcements from home.
June 16, 1974: [Cotland] Cottish forces have mostly destroyed Goodrule forces in Scotland but they are caught by surprise when the Scottish rebels fighting alongside them switch sides and start attacking the Cottish. After frantic battles, the Cottish finally manage to stop the Scottish rebels.
June 18, 1974: [Cotland] After a two-day urban battle which threatens to see the Cottish garrison of Glasgow overrun, the garrison commander orders the employment of chemical weaponry. An estimated 2 million Scottish rebels and civilians perish in the chemical attack, having no real protection against the Cottish nerve agent.
Summer 1974 - Summer 1976: [Yemen (NPC)] The Yemeni military undergoes a major modernization plan that sees considerable revenue spent on aircraft, armored vehicles, air defenses, and coastal defenses. The majority of this equipment is purchased via Yemen's socialist allies and through revenue obtained by oil, manufactured products, chemical export, and the service industry. In these early days however, spending exceeds revenue and the public debt of the nation grows year over year.
May 23, 1975: [Cotland] After a long and bloody war, the Realm of Cotland seizes full control over Scotland after total defeat of Goodrule forces. An estimated 3.8 million Scots have died since 1973, mostly as a result of Goodrule retaliations and the nerve gas attack on Glasgow.
July - August 1976: [Yemen (NPC)] Supreme Leader Waqar Touma secretly authorizes the funding and the direction for a nuclear weapons program and a chemical weapons program. Yemen has a single, nuclear power plant supplied in the 1960s that is used solely for civilian energy needs near Aden. Over the next few years, rogue scientists and weapons designers will secretly come to Yemen to support these programs, taking advantage of the lack of international regulation and oversight.
October 2, 1976: [Cotland] Cotland formally annexes Scotland into the Realm of Cotland and starts introducing Cottish colonists into the decimated country.
Spring 1977 - Late Winter 1979: [Yemen (NPC)] Supreme Leader Touma institutes a new series of social and economic reforms aimed at continuing the country's modernization. Many of the projects are unpopular with the people, especially with the Islamic clerics and imams who see certain mosques seized through eminent domain and turned into public works projects.
February 10, 1979: [Yemen (NPC)] The Yemeni Civil War begins in response to Touma's latest economic and social reforms. The spark that ignites what will become a 17-year civil war is an armed attack by citizens in Zinjibar against the city's police stations as well as a public housing project under construction at the site of a former mosque. The attacks are not very successful but they do show the people of Yemen that they are not completely powerless against Touma's regime.
Early Winter 1979 - Summer 1981: [Yemen (NPC)] The Yemeni government and military face a major crisis as approximately one-third of its armed forces, mostly ground units, defect and join the rebels under the moniker the Yemeni Democratic Forces. The YDF is one of dozens of factions fighting the government but because it is made up of defecting military forces it is the most capable. The fighting is the heaviest in Sana'a and Aden but the entirety of western Yemen, particularly Taizz and Dhamar are major battlegrounds.
Spring - Autumn 1979: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] Throughout the course of 1979, it becomes obvious that the Touma regime is not facing the same level of organized protestors that it had been ten years earlier. Touma accuses foreign states of supporting the rebels, specifically zeroing in on the Republic of Columbia.
September 1981: [Yemen (NPC)] By the beginning of autumn 1981 there are 17 major sects and groups fighting in the Yemeni Civil War and the devastation wrought has left hundreds of thousands homeless and over 10,000 dead. It is in September 1981 however that a group named Jaysh al-Islam or Army of Islam is formed. The group is a fundamentalist group looking for the overthrow of Touma's government and its replacement by an Islamic, theocratic government. Among their members is a 21-year old man named Syed Hassan. This group will rapidly become an effective though small fighting force of 1,200 men. The dominance of irregular warfare plays heavily into the Army of Islam's tactics and their capabilities.
October 31, 1981: [Cotland, Layarteb] Cotland joins the October Alliance as a founding member.
November 1, 1981: [Cotland] Cottish firm Nokia introduces the Nokia Mobira, the world's first generation, first fully automatic, portable, cellular telephone. It becomes an instant "it" thing to have and Nokia enjoys great success. In the coming years, Nokia will introduce newer and smaller mobile phones, eventually dominating the world market until the rise of smartphones.
January 1982 - February 1987: [Yemen (NPC)] The Yemeni Civil War rages for another five years with absolutely no respite in sight. After 8 years, casualties exceed 50,000 and the cities of Sana'a, Aden, Dhamar, and Taizz, amongst dozens of others, are hardly recognizable to what they once were. Over 500,000 people are rendered homeless and a refugee crisis brews.

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by **Earth_ Two** » Sat Jul 08, 2023 6:28 pm

1985 AD to 1999 AD

February 10, 1987: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] On the 8th anniversary of the start of the Yemeni Civil War, the Touma government launches an especially brutal new counterinsurgency campaign that involves the use of chemical weaponry. The first such attack is against the city of Yarim where the Yemeni Democratic Forces have their strongest power base and their operational headquarters. The attack combines mustard gas and the nerve agent sarin. The attack leaves over 5,000 dead and over 10,000 wounded, many of them civilians. However, the YDF's core leadership is crippled, having been ill-prepared for such an attack. The attack is carried out by the Yemeni Air Force and it brings attention to the fact that Touma's regime has chemical weapons. The Columbian Empire takes special notice.
April 1987: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] The Imperial Columbian Navy begins active patrols in the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea. Supreme Leader Touma takes special offense to their presence and publicly condemns the presence of these battlegroups as intrusive and harassing.
May 2, 1987: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] Two Yemeni MiG-23ML Flogger-G interceptors fly to within 50 nautical miles of the Columbian battlegroup in the Red Sea. Though they are intercepted, they are not engaged as they do not show "hostile intent." The mission, many military analysts believe, was to test the Columbian response.
May 5, 1987: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] Two Yemeni MiG-23ML Flogger-G interceptors takeoff and fly towards the Columbian battlegroup in the Gulf of Aden, attempting to repeat their test from three days prior. However, Columbian interceptors meet them at a distance of 125 nautical miles from the carrier and engage in a mock dogfight with the interceptors, forcing them to return home. Supreme Leader Touma calls the dogfight as aggressive and blames the Columbian Empire for violating Yemen's airspace though radar plots show that the Columbian interceptors did not get to within 20 nautical miles of Yemeni airspace.
June 8, 1987: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] The Yemeni Air Force attacks the city of Raydah with another mustard and sarin attack leaving over 3,000 dead and 10,000 injured. The city is another stronghold of a major sect fighting against the Touma government. This second attack, which is no less devastating politically-speaking than the one four months earlier, galvanizes the Columbians to putting an end to Yemen's chemical weapons program. Intelligence efforts truly hone in on and focus on Yemen's military and government.
June 9, 1987: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] In response to a Columbian condemnation of the Raydah Chemical Attack, the Yemeni Air Force launches two, four-ship formations of aircraft towards both Columbian battlegroups in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, respectively. Each formation consists of two Su-24M Fencer-D attack aircraft and two MiG-23ML Flogger-G interceptors. Both flights are intercepted by naval fighters and they are turned away though not before both battlegroups warn of hostile intent should either group approach to within 80 nautical miles of the battlegroups. The Yemeni aircraft turn away at 85 nautical miles.
July 22, 1987: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] In complete defiance of the Empire of Columbia, Yemeni military forces launch four Scud missiles against Tarim. Tarim is deep in rebel-held territory and another stronghold of the Yemeni Democratic Forces. Two of the missiles contain chemical warheads while the other two contain cluster warheads. Over 5,000 people are killed in the strike. The strike is carried out not far from a Yemeni Army base in Marib.
July 25, 1987: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] In response to the Tarim chemical attack, the Imperial Columbian Navy launches 24 RGM-109C Tomahawk cruise missiles against the Marib Army Base, which is the first use of the Tomahawk cruise missile by the Columbian military. The strike leaves the army base devastated but two missiles fail to detonate, leaving evidence of the strike. Supreme Leader Touma declares the attack an "act of war" by the Empire of Columbia declares to sink both battlegroup's warships.
July 28, 1987: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] Following up on his promise to attack the Columbian battlegroups, the Yemeni Navy launches 8 P-15 Termit (SS-N-2 Styx) missiles against the Columbian battlegroup in the Gulf of Aden. The missiles are launched from a pair of Osa I-class missile boats. The missiles are defeated by a combined use of surface-to-air missiles, CIWS, and jamming. Retaliatory strikes sink both warships however. At this point, the Columbian government is unified in acting against Yemen but they do not want to launch a major operation until they can neutralize Yemen's chemical weapons program as well.
August 15, 1987: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] Yemeni Air Force fighters launch to engage the Columbian battlegroup in the Red Sea. They are detected early by airborne early warning and they are shot down before they can come within 100 nautical miles of the battlegroup. At this point, both countries exist in a state of war. In retaliation, the Imperial Columbian Navy launches a coordinated airstrike against a military air base in Al Hudaydah where the fighters sortied from, resulting in major damage to the airbase rendering it inoperable.
August 18, 1987: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] A third Columbian carrier battle group enters the area of operations off of Yemen and Operation IRON GRIZZLY begins the planning phase.
October 9, 1987: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] After significant intelligence-gathering operations by spies and reconnaissance aircraft, Operation IRON GRIZZLY is given the green light. However, it is called off at the eleventh hour when a single spy uncovers Yemen's nuclear program. The Empire of Columbia is completely caught off-guard and seeks more information on the clandestine nuclear program before launching strikes.
October 13, 1987: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] In another aerial engagement, two Yemeni MiG-21bis Fishbed-L interceptors are shot down in a dogfight over the Gulf of Aden.
October 15, 1987: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] The Yemeni Navy launches an attack against the Columbian battlegroup in the Red Sea. However, the Imperial Columbian Navy sinks one gunboat in the process and shoots down two Yemeni fighters.
Operation 18, 1987: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] Columbian forces launch Operation NIMBLE GRIZZLY, meant to severely damage the Yemeni Navy and their ability to oppose Columbian battlegroups. The operation lasts only a few hours but, in the end, Columbian forces sink 2 frigates, 6 gunboats, and shoot down 3 MiG-21bis Fishbed-L interceptors.
November 1987 - June 1988: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] While Operation IRON GRIZZLY remains on hold while intelligence agents and reconnaissance elements gather intel on the Yemeni nuclear program, Yemeni forces launch six more chemical attacks throughout Yemen. Though the Columbian military responds each time with limited strikes, the Yemeni chemical weapons program continues to function. Intelligence assessments estimate that Yemen will have enough enriched uranium to produce a single nuclear bomb in 1990 but not before with 1991 as a more likely estimate. It is learned that Yemen is utilizing calutrons for enrichment versus centrifuges because the technology was easier to acquire.
February 18, 1988 - November 17, 1991: [Cotland] A series of border skirmishes between Cotland and Russia takes place, as Russian leaders seek to adjust the previously agreed upon borders to their advantage. Upon realizing that a low-level border conflict will take place over an extended period of time, the Cottish Army starts to rotate its combat units to the border in order to gain more experience and allow more warriors to gain glory on the battlefield.
June 3, 1988: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] Columbian intelligence identifies the location of Yemen's enrichment facility. Verification by multiple sources proves that there is only one facility however and it is located in Marib, deep in Yemeni territory. The same day, a Columbian reconnaissance flight photographs the location. Yemeni MiG-25PD Foxbat-E interceptors scramble to intercept the SR-71A Blackbird but they are unable to do so effectively. The Yemeni Air Force operates only one squadron of 18 MiG-25PDs and their flights are rare, largely due to Supreme Leader Touma's worry that they will be shot down by Columbian aircraft prematurely. He knows that major strikes are coming and he aims to use the Foxbats to shoot down Columbian bombers.
June 10, 1988: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] Operation IRON GRIZZLY is given the final green light but because it is much more extensive than its original inception, it requires a massive strike force of over 200 aircraft. Due to Yemen's location, it is impossible to use land-based fighters and instead, the operation must wait until naval forces can be built up in the region. The Empire of Columbia commits to deploying four carrier battle groups, making a combined task force of almost 400 carrier-based aircraft. Long-range bombers will also participate in the operation by launching cruise missiles.
July 5, 1988: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] After several weeks of planning, the Columbian battlegroups are in theater. In addition to this, an amphibious assault group with a brigade of marines is deployed as well.
July 8, 1988: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] Operation IRON GRIZZLY officially begins at 01:00 when the first barrage of cruise missiles strikes their targets in Yemen. There are 104 sites targeted by the operation (11 nuclear/chemical, 20 command, 19 government, 1 political, 11 army, 32 air defense, 2 navy, 1 military industry, and 7 airbases) and the operation is slated to last four days. The initial barrage of attacks sees over 150 cruise missiles launched from Columbian warships as well as attacks by against air defense sites. Virtually all of the cruise missiles are targeted against command, nuclear/chemical, and government sites. From Diego Garcia, eight B-52 Stratofortress bombers launch 64 cruise missiles against targets in Yemen. In air combat, Columbian fighters down 30 Yemeni aircraft. There are no losses of Columbian aircraft despite multiple SAM engagements.
July 9, 1988: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] The second day of Operation IRON GRIZZLY sees dozens more cruise missiles launched and even more sorties against those targets. A damage assessment at the end of the day reveals that 83% of all targets have been struck though only 12% are destroyed and 29% suffering severe or moderate damage. One Columbian fighter is shot down by a SAM and its pilot captured. Air combat sees Columbian fighters down an additional 7 Yemeni aircraft in air combat while airstrikes destroy 10 on the ground.
July 10, 1988: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] A third day of strikes during Operation IRON GRIZZLY sees the balance of the targets struck by cruise missiles and strikes. Over half of those targets have severe or total damage. Air combat sees only 2 Yemeni aircraft downed by Columbian fighters. Strikes on this day target the national headquarters of the Yemeni Communist Party, the sole political target. It is destroyed beyond recognition.
July 11, 1988: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] In the final day of strikes during Operation IRON GRIZZLY, Columbian cruise missiles and fighters sortie against many of the targets that show moderate or light damage. By the end of the day, 76% of all targets have severe or total damage, with all nuclear/chemical targets destroyed, the political target destroyed, all of the country's airbases and air defense sites destroyed, and its two navy yards destroyed. The final tally sees 515 cruise missiles launched by Columbian forces (425 ship-launched, 90 air-launched) and 1,165 sorties flown. A total of 40% of all ordnance used is guided weaponry, particularly laser-guided bombs. Accuracy rates by cruise missiles is rated at 85%. The only friendly loss is the single downed Columbian fighter though several fighters are damaged by the end of the campaign. The country's chemical weapons program is annihilated and most of its top scientists are killed. Its nuclear program is devastated as well with equal losses to its scientific leadership.
July 12, 1988: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] The Empire of Columbia begins negotiations for repatriation of its downed pilot, Major William Cooper. With the cessation of hostilities, the Columbian government gives Supreme Leader Touma just 48 hours to hand over Cooper alive and well. Touma faces a perilous crisis however in that Cooper was executed within 18 hours of his capture. For the Empire of Columbia, the strikes have seriously degraded the cruise missile inventory of the nation as well as a significant portion of its laser-guided bombs.
July 14, 1988: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] Supreme Leader Touma, facing a major crisis, admits that Major Cooper is dead but insists that he died in the crash. However, what Touma does not know is that Major Cooper contacted Columbian aircraft shortly after landing to initiate his rescue and his last transmission was seconds before his capture when he told Columbian listeners that he would be captured imminently. He destroyed his radio before he could be captured. In response, the Empire of Columbia plays "stupid" and arranges to retrieve the body.
July 16, 1988: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] Six hours after Major William Cooper's body is turned over to Columbian authorities, the Empire of Columbia launches Operation FURIOUS GRIZZLY. The strikes involve 80 carrier-based aircraft and 18 B-52 Stratofortress bombers. Each B-52 launches eight AGM-86C CALCM cruise missiles, solely against government targets with 90% of the 144 missiles striking their targets. The carrier aircraft attack in two groups with aircraft flying CAP, SEAD, and strike sorties. The operation targets various government, command, and military targets. They are devastating to say the least and Supreme Leader Waqar Touma is killed, which was the sole objective of the operation. In addition, 5 Yemeni fighters are shot down and an additional 14 are destroyed on the ground, leaving the Yemeni Air Force with fewer than 20 serviceable aircraft.
July 17, 1988: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] In response to Operation FURIOUS GRIZZLY, a follow-on operation is launched by the Imperial Columbian Navy and Marine Corps with the invasion of the island of Socotra. This is known as Operation ANGRY GRIZZLY. The Yemeni garrison on Socotra is small, limited solely to a regimental-sized element at the island's airport. To their credit, these men fight fiercely for several hours before surrendering amidst massive casualties. Columbian forces suffer 18 killed and 73 wounded. One helicopter is brought down by ground fire but its crew - injured - are able to set the aircraft down far enough away from hostile forces to avoid capture. They are rescued within 30 minutes of being downed.
July 20, 1988: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] After a major crisis following the death of Supreme Leader Touma, Safwah Noori Antar takes over as Supreme Leader of Yemen. He is warned in an official diplomatic cable, which arrives less than 2 hours after his announcement, that any further military action against Columbian forces as well as any further use of chemical weaponry will result in a complete and total invasion of the People's Republic of Yemen. The cable is something of a bluff however as the Empire of Columbia is not in any condition, militarily-speaking, to invade Yemen and deal with a major insurgency. Despite this, Antar replies that he will abide by those terms as long as the Columbians do not violate the sovereignty of Yemen, the Socotra issue aside.
August 1988 - February 1993: [Yemen (NPC)] After 4-1/2 years, the Yemeni Civil War shows some signs of abating. The country remains a ravaged mess but rebel forces have suffered much worse than government forces have and a crack begins to show. However, throughout this time, Supreme Leader Antar proves himself to be an otherwise incompetent leader more concerned with his own nepotism, cronyism, and corruption than seeing to the welfare of the armed forces. He is largely excluded from the war fighting effort by the country's top military leadership and several coups are discussed but none acted upon as the military leadership is hopeful to utilize Antar as a figurehead and merely divert their decision-making around him.
September 15, 1991: [Evangelium] While meeting with members of the public in Piura, King Enrique José is shot by a lone gunman. The king is rushed to a nearby hospital where he was able to recover from his injury. During the trial of the assassin, the king convoked the Royal Assembly to amend the Constitution to outlaw capital punishment in Tawantin. All convicts on death row immediately had their sentences changed to life imprisonment and his assassin subsequently also received a sentence of life imprisonment.
July 20, 1992: [Cotland] King Håkon VIII assumes the throne of Cotland after the death of his father, King Olav VI.
February 10, 1993: [Yemen (NPC)] On the fourteenth anniversary of the start of the Yemeni Civil War, a major consolidation of rebel forces occurs. Once upon a time there had been as many as 17 different sects and groups fighting for control of the government but by now there are only 5. Those 5 form an alliance with one another named the Yemeni Alliance for Victory or YAV for short. However, one group in particular, is excluded from this alliance, the Army of Islam. Over the years since its formation, the Army of Islam has befriended no one and caused nothing but more violence. Their fundamentalist, uncompromising positions mean that they are an enemy to both the rebels and the government.
Spring 1993 - Early Winter 1995: [Yemen (NPC)] The Yemeni Alliance for Victory gradually achieves victories throughout Yemen against government forces. Slowly, they begin to not only capture but to hold territory as well.
September 1, 1994: [Cotland] At the start of the new school year, peace is shattered in the city of Sjarja in Cottish Kostroma as armed gunmen take control of Roald Amundsen Primary School and take 467 children and staff hostage. The gunmen demand the demilitarization of the Cottish-Smolenski border and return of Smolenski territory lost during the Second Cottish-Smolenski War forty-three years earlier. The Cottish government refuses the demands.
September 3, 1994: [Cotland] After the public execution of four hostages, Cottish security forces storm Roald Amundsen Primary School. After a three-hour battle, the school is liberated with 388 hostages are released and 3 terrorists are captured. Sadly, 75 hostages are killed during the rescue attempt along with 17 terrorists and 7 Cottish security personnel. The surviving terrorists are taken away for questioning.
September 11, 1994: [Cotland] The funerals for the killed hostages and security forces take place. Hundreds of thousands show their condolences and support in the very public funerals amid calls for a review of what went wrong in Sjarja, leading to so many deaths. The head of the hostage rescue team takes responsibility for the deaths and resigns.
September 17, 1994: [Cotland] After two weeks of intense interrogation bordering on torture, the captured terrorists reveal that they are Smolenski soldiers tasked by the Smolenski state to start a campaign of terror against Cotland in an attempt to restore previously lost territories to Smolensk. The Cottish government places the military on high alert as the news breaks in Cotland. The Smolenski government denies all culpability.
September 20, 1994: [Cotland] The Cottish public is outraged by the revelations after the Sjarja terrorist attack. A growing number of voices in both media and politics and also among commoners demands that action be taken against Smolensk. Smolensk starts mobilizing its armies.
September 27, 1994: [Cotland] After a week of growing demands and ditto denials from Smolensk, Cotland issues an ultimatum to Smolensk, which is to hand over all persons responsible for the attack on Sjarja to Cotland, or face the consequences. Smolensk categorically denies and issues a series of counter-claims to Cotland, demanding that Cotland demobilize and hand over lost territories. In a televised response from King Håkon VIII, the Smolenski are told that "our reply will be made known to you very soon."
September 30, 1994: [Cotland] Cotland launches Operation ETERNAL RETRIBUTION, also known as the invasion of Smolensk. Over a million Cottish soldiers have been mobilized and deployed to the Smolenski border region for the past two weeks, as long-prepared battle plans were dusted off and updated. Across the entire 1,000-kilometer border, Cottish artillery starts pounding the Smolenski Army's positions while Cottish aircraft, cruise missiles, and conventionally-armed ballistic missiles fly overhead to strike Smolenski infrastructure and high-value targets. The shelling and bombardment continues for five days, preparing the ground for the inevitable ground invasion.
October 5, 1994: [Cotland] After inflicting massive damage upon Smolenski positions and infrastructure, the Cottish Army finally invades Smolensk across a wide front, supported by strategic air assaults and paratrooper deployments. The Cottish, fueled by justified rage, years of training and preparations, and sheer numerical superiority, quickly overpowers the Smolenski positions. As the day turns into night, Cottish forces are already deep inside Smolensk.
October 6 - November 17, 1994: [Cotland] Over the next six weeks, a massive battle of maneuver takes place across Smolensk as the Cottish and Smolenski armies meet in conventional, high-intensity battle. Casualties are high on both sides but it's clear that the Cottish will not be content this time to simply defeat the Smolenski in the field of battle and be done with it. The Cottish government states openly in early November that the ultimate war goal is the subjugation of Smolensk thus eliminating it as a threat to Cottish security once and for all.
November 18, 1994 - February 5, 1995: [Cotland] On November 18, the Cottish armies reach the southern Smolenski-Russian border south of Gomel, cutting the country effectively in half as the Smolenski will to continue fighting erodes. As more and more Cottish reservists reach the front and bolster the Cottish numbers to well over three million men under arms, the Cottish set their sights on the heavily defended capital Smolensk City. On November 22, the Cottish are within artillery range of Smolensk and start bombarding the city in preparation for the inevitable assault, which starts six days later on November 28. Over the next two months, Smolensk turns into a meat grinder that sees tens of thousands of dead on both sides as a vicious urban battle rages for more than two months. In early February, the Cottish finally reach and secure the government quarter, raising the Cottish flag over Smolensk City. While mop-up operations will continue for another two months, the city is declared in Cottish hands.
February 5 - July 31, 1995: [Cotland] With 80% of the country including the major cities of Smolensk City, Minsk, Vibetsk, Gomel, Pinsk, and Brest in Cottish hands, the Smolenski will to fight is virtually gone. The last major Smolenski combat formations surrender to the Cottish near Vijasma on April 9, marking the end of the high-intensity warfare phase of the invasion. As the Smolenski prisoners of war are transported north to Cottish POW camps in the Arctic, a military government over the occupied territories is installed and army units starts garrisoning every major settlement and strategically important location, while a special task force starts hunting down the Smolenski government leaders that have gone underground. Protests from neighboring Russia concerning the occupation of Smolensk is met by the Cottish government with stern reminders to mind their own business lest they wish to share Smolensk's fate.
August 1, 1995: [Cotland] After months of searching, the special task force have managed to locate most of the former Smolenski government and bring them into custody. On August 1, the Cottish hit the jackpot as the Smolenski Premier Yeltsachov is captured hiding in a barn outside Roslavl in southeastern Smolensk.
August 1, 1995 - December 31, 2004: [Cotland] After the capture, public trial, and execution of Premier Yeltsachov in late 1995, Cotland declares victory in Smolensk and formally annexes the territories into Cotland on December 31, 1995. For the next nine years, Cotland continues to rebuild Smolensk after the almost year-long war while the Cottish military occupation continues to battle a low-level insurgency waged by disgruntled local citizens and former Smolenski soldiers who have gone underground. By 2003, the insurgency is extinguished through a combination of pinpoint, joint law enforcement-military operations, a directed hearts and minds campaign (including borderline brainwashing of the younger generation in schools), and general increase in the standard of living for the Smolenski citizenry. In August 2004, the Cottish government declares that the military occupation of Smolensk will end by the end of the year and that Smolensk will henceforth be considered as a fully integrated province of Cotland with all rights and responsibilities therein.
January 9, 1996: [Yemen (NPC)] In a major victory, the Yemeni Alliance for Victory the Yemeni port city of Aden. They begin a major push northwards with Sana'a as their final destination.
February 2 - 11, 1996: [Yemen (NPC)] The city of Taizz falls to the Yemeni Alliance for Victory after a brutal, 9-day battle. The victory however spells certain doom for the Yemeni government who are faced with the humiliation of having two whole regiments flee from the city rather than fight.
March 5 - 9, 1996: [Yemen (NPC)] The Yemeni government focuses a four-day campaign against the Army of Islam in Al Hazm, where the group's leadership is obliterated and its numbers reduced by half. However, to accomplish this, the government has exposed its southern flanks and allows for the city of Ibb to fall.
March 17 - 21, 1996: [Yemen (NPC)] The Yemeni Alliance for Victory captures Dhamar as more Yemeni soldiers flee from battle. Compared to other major urban fights, this 4-day battle is relatively light on casualties, largely because so many Yemeni forces flee. Sana'a becomes the "Alamo" for the Yemeni government.
April 1 - 12, 1996: [Yemen (NPC)] What remains of the Army of Islam is caught by government and rebel forces in Marib as they attempt to flee eastward. The Battle of Marib is especially brutal and though the government is victorious, this is a pyrrhic victory at most. The Army of Islam is devastated however and fewer than 100 terrorists escape, including the now 36-yr old Syed Hassan who has become one of the most distinguished battlefield commanders in the Army of Islam.
May 8 - 18, 1996: [Yemen (NPC)] The Battle of Sana'a rages in what is one of the hardest fought battles of the entire Yemeni Civil War. It is also the last battle and in the end, the Yemeni Alliance for Victory captures Sana'a and forces the communist government to flee. Supreme Leader Safwah Noori Antar is captured as his convoy attempted to run northward. He is publically executed within an hour of his capture and his body beaten to nothing where it is left in a ditch. His death is filmed and it becomes a major propaganda piece for many years to come.
May 19, 1996: [Yemen (NPC)] The Yemeni Civil War draws to a closer after 17 years, 3 months, and 12 days. Estimates of the dead range from 150,000 to 550,000 and over 1,000,000 people are permanently displaced from their homes, with at least one-third permanently leaving the country. The rebuilding process will become costly and the country will never fully recover economically. Some neighborhoods will still be damaged 20 years after the war's end.
May 22, 1996: [Yemen (NPC)] The Confederation of Yemeni Emirates is officially formed in Aden with the signing of the Unification Treaty of Aden. The country is divided up into 21 governorates, twenty of which are to be ruled by a tribal emir. These 20 emirs are all leaders in the Yemeni Alliance for Victory. They agree to form the capital in Aden solely because it is a port city and it was the first major city captured in the final months of the war. The emirs agree to a capitalist economy but they fear exploitation by foreigners and agree to closely control the direction of the country. The Federal Legislative Council is formed to be the legislature and each governorate or emirate of Yemen will appoint 3 representatives to this legislature. The country is given a dual executive with a head of state and a head of government. The head of state is elected from the 20 emirs while the head of government is elected from the 60 legislators. Militarily, the Yemeni Alliance for Victory disbands and the country's military is reformed and capped at 80,000 men. A national police is formed and capped at 50,000 men. The emirs however are allowed to raise tribal armies to protect their emirates. There is no cap but this tribal army of militiamen only numbers approximately 20,000 men.
May 31, 1996: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] Syed Hassan and the remnants of the Army of Islam find themselves in Mahmeddah and there they formally announce the disbandment of the Army of Islam in favor of the formation of a new group, which they name Al-Shams after the 91st Sura in the Qur'an. The passage talks about the Thamud, a formerly prosperous but now extinct Arab tribe that turned its back on Allah and was thus destroyed. The allegory matches how Al-Shams sees its enemies. They specifically call out the government in Aden and the Empire of Columbia as the largest enemies to Islam, Allah, and the prophet Muhammad. They call out the government for "turning their backs on Islam" by their adoption of a non-theocratic government. They call out the Empire of Columbia for their actions against Yemen but also for seizing Socotra and being a pagan nation, particularly citing the large numbers of adherents to the Columbian Pagan Rite. Not only this but they call out many other nations in the world.
June 10, 1996: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] The Empire of Columbia and the Yemeni government come to a formal agreement on Socotra. The land will not be returned to Yemen and in exchange, the Yemeni government will assist with the relocation of all 44,000 of the island's citizens - at the expense of Columbia City - and the Empire of Columbia will provide commit to a certain level of economic assistance by buying Yemeni oil and certain agricultural products. In addition, the Empire of Columbia will inject approximately §1 billion in capital into the country to support its infrastructure and provide an annual allotment of foreign aid. In 1996, this allotment is §500 million and by 2016 it is §2 billion. With this agreement in place, the Empire of Columbia begins massive expansion of Socotra Air Force Base, located near the settlement of Mori. The base will expand to cover 32.5 km² or just over 8,000 acres and the island itself will become a major training grounds for special operations teams and conventional forces in counterterrorism and desert warfare. The island's settlement of Hadiboh will become one of the largest naval bases outside of Columbian soil when it is completed. It will be approximately 19 km² in area or 4,695 acres. This will include facilities to support an entire carrier battle group, a marine brigade, and contain a naval air station. Construction of both facilities will be completed in roughly 8 years.
October 10, 1997: [Yemen (NPC)] Al-Shams executes its first terror attack when it detonates a car bomb outside of the Mercure Hotel in Aden. The bomb causes major damage to the front of the hotel and leaves 54 people dead and 92 wounded. The bombing largely goes unnoticed around the world but it ushers in a new era of violence for Yemen only 17 months after the end of the Yemeni Civil War.
November 8, 1997: [Yemen (NPC)] Al-Shams terrorists attack a supermarket in Al-Mukalla, leaving 35 dead and 16 wounded.
November 15, 1997: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] In response to the Mercure Hotel bombing and the Al-Mukalla market attack, the Empire of Columbia commits to providing counterterrorism resources to the Yemeni government in Aden; however, because of the likelihood of sympathizers within the Hadhramaut Governorate, the Empire of Columbia is unwilling to share any trade secrets. Four RQ-1A Predator UAVs are transported to Socotra where they are based to provide intelligence over Al-Mukalla. Due to the limited 700-km radius of the RQ-1A though, they are limited in how much of Yemen they can overfly. The village of Mahmeddah is on the edge of their operational radius.
December 1997 - August 2001: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] Over the course of four years the Empire of Layarteb assists the Yemeni government in putting over 200 members of Al-Shams in prison including Syed Hassan and many of the top leadership. The success of the operation is hailed in both the Empire of Layarteb and throughout the Confederacy of Yemeni Emirates.

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by **Earth_ Two** » Sat Jul 08, 2023 6:30 pm

2000 AD to 2010 AD

January 5, 2002: [Yemen (NPC)] Emir Qutaiba Rihab Ganem, the Yemeni head of state, is assassinated with a car bomb. Al-Shams takes credit for the bombing and demands the release of all "political prisoners" in Yemen, specifically naming its leaders and members.
January 10 - February 11, 2002: [Yemen (NPC)] Over the course of one month, terrorists from Al-Shams carry out nineteen attacks throughout Yemen though they are small and do not always result in fatalities. The government in Aden refuses to acquiesce to the demands of the terrorist group.
February 12, 2002: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] After receiving the greenlight from Emir Yusef Fakhoury, head of state, and Emir Abdul-Quddus Salah Tannous, the Empire of Columbia conducts two strikes in Al-Mukalla via drone. A single RQ-1A is modified to the MQ-1B Block 1 standard, which allows the drone to carry two anti-tank guided missiles. The strikes target Al-Shams' operational commander and their second-in-charge. Both strikes kill the two men while they are riding in separate convoys. The strike is effective in curtailing the activities of the terrorist group for a short time.
Early Summer 2002: [Evangelium] After an explosive exposé on government corruption, King Enrique José requests each kingdom's Minister of Justice to embark on a joint comprehensive campaign to stamp out corruption at all levels of government. Over the next 10 months, a preponderance of evidence comes to light that corruption plagues high-ranking officials close to the king.
December 13, 2002: [Evangelium] King Enrique José, at the age of 79, becomes the first monarch of Tawantin in 353 years to abdicate.
April 1, 2003: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] In a daring prison break, over 52 members of Al-Shams, including Syed Hassan and the top 20 members of Al-Shams escape from their prison in Sana'a in what is most certainly an inside job. They escape via a long tunnel and through a nearby mosque. The prison break is a major setback for the Yemeni government. The Empire of Columbia pins the blame on the Emir of Sana'a, which causes a diplomatic row between the two nations.
April 12, 2003: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] The Columbian consulate in Sana'a is heavily damaged by a truck bomb containing some 10 tons of high-explosive material. Though 18 Columbians are killed in the blast a further 200 Yemenis - all civilians - are killed by the sizeable blast. When Al-Shams claims responsibility they cite the assassinations of February 12, 2002, as their motive. Syed Hassan is given the title of Sheik sometime before this but his claim of responsibility is the first to use the title. He is just 43 years old. The bombing of the Columbian consulate in Sana'a becomes a major recruitment tool for Al-Shams and the begin to see an influx of Yemeni and foreign Arabs. Their numbers are estimated at fewer than 1,000 prior to the consulate bombing.
Summer 2003 - Early Winter 2006: [Yemen (NPC)] Al-Shams' membership grows significantly to approximately 7,000 members by the end of 2006, turning the terrorist group into a large, standing army. Centered around Mahmeddah, the group makes preparations for territorial expansion
January 1, 2005: [Cotland] Smolensk is formally admitted into the Kingdom of Cotland as a province. As part of this, the local government administration and all government officials in the province formally pledge allegiance to the King of Cotland while King Håkon VIII grants royal assent to the legislation admitting Smolensk into the Kingdom. The last occupation forces withdraw back to Cotland proper. Still, the Cottish Army leaves behind a sizable garrison for "border protection and territorial defence duties."
January 10 - 24, 2007: [Yemen (NPC)] Al-Shams launches its campaign to seize territory throughout Yemen and establish their own state. Their first target is Al-Mukalla, which they capture after two weeks. They easily sweep aside military, national police, and tribal forces before going on a major tear through the Hadhramaut Governorate.
Spring 2007 - Summer 2010: [Yemen (NPC)] Al-Shams spreads throughout Yemen with the support of some emirs. Their presence becomes dominant in 4 of the 21 governorates, they have a major presence in 4 additional governorates, and they have a presence in a total of 16 governorates including Aden and Sana'a. They establish Al-Mukalla as their capital but knowing its proximity to the sea makes it vulnerable, they also establish a capital deep in the Shabwah Governorate at Ataq. Al-Shams organizes itself into a functioning government with commanders put in charge of each of the many districts it has a major or a dominant presence in while it appoints lesser officials to the districts where it has some but not a major or a dominant presence. Mahmeddah is seen as its "spiritual capital" since that is where it was founded. Despite the terror group's strict adherence to sharia law and its terror ideology, a vast majority of the citizens within its major or dominant controlled districts find themselves indifferent to or supportive of Al-Shams, chiefly because Al-Shams works to provide infrastructure to these locations where much had been lacking since the end of the Yemeni Civil War.
August 1, 2008: [Cotland, Layarteb] Cotland formally signs over Barbados and Saint Lucia to the Empire of Columbia following a popular referendum on the islands.
December 13, 2008: [Cotland] Following a tragic traffic accident while returning from visiting a House of Honor orphanage in Vologda, King Håkon VIII dies from his injuries. He is succeeded by his eldest son, twenty-two-year-old Crown Prince Sverre II.
August 20, 2009: [Cotland] In a lavish ceremony, Sverre II is crowned as King of Cotland, marking the end of six months of public mourning after the death of King Håkon VIII. Over the next few months, he will be hailed as King on the various regional things, thus cementing the legitimacy of his reign.
August 1, 2010: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] The Empire of Columbia and Yemen's head of state, Emir Tawhid Na'im Asghar, come to an agreement to fight Al-Shams. However, this agreement is very complex, largely owing to the complex nature of Yemen's government. Emirs that are tolerant of or supportive of Al-Shams are too strong to unseat without risk of major civil war and thanks to Al-Shams' support, their tribal armies are better trained and better equipped than many others. Owing to the poor state of the Yemeni military and the widespread corruption of the Yemeni National Police, Emir Tawhid Na'im Asghar can only give the Empire of Columbia limited carte blanche to act so long as it is done covertly or clandestinely. Though the entire world will know that it is the Empire of Columbia bombing Al-Shams, it is a war conducted without press releases or celebrations, entirely by special operations forces, aircraft, and cruise missiles. This will become known as the "Quiet War" within the inner circles of the Columbian government.
December 9, 2010: [Layarteb, Yemen (NPC)] The Empire of Columbia carries out its first strike against Al-Shams in Yemen since 2002 with a targeted, cruise missile strike against a warehouse in Ar Rawdah, where Al-Shams is confirmed to be storing bomb-making materials. The explosion causes widespread damage to the area around the warehouse thanks to the secondary explosions and leaves 111 people dead, most of them civilians. Pieces of the cruise missile survive the strike but none carry markings or identifiers to implicate the Empire of Columbia specifically; however, few in the world suspect anyone other than the Columbians of carrying out the strike.

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by **Earth_ Two** » Sat Jul 08, 2023 6:30 pm

2010 AD to Present AD

September 7, 2011: [Cotland] After four years of speculation and intense persecutions of foreign journalists for lése majesté violations while reporting on the various liaisons the young King of Cotland has enjoyed, twenty-five year old King Sverre II of Cotland and twenty-four year old miss Natalie Vermerheim, announce their formal engagement to be married and carry out the traditional sacrifice of a bull to the gods in order to cement the engagement.
November 29, 2013: [Cotland] The King and Queen of Cotland become parents for the first time as Queen Natalie gives birth to a baby boy. The child is found to be healthy and is named Magnus. The young Prince jumps to the head of the line of succession, supplanting his three uncles and two aunts, as spontaneous celebrations erupt throughout Cotland as the population learns that the line of succession is secured.
March 18, 2015: [Cotland] Queen Natalie gives birth to twins, one boy and one girl, who after being found to be healthy are named Valdemar and Margrete. They become number two and three respectively in the line of succession after their elder brother Magnus.
June 17, 2018: [Cotland] Royal parental bliss reaches Cotland yet again as King Sverre and Queen Natalie become parents to a baby girl. Named Ingrid, the young Princess becomes the fourth in the line of succession to the Cottish throne.

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