Leader: King/Sultan/as-Sultan al-Mu'azzam Ibrahim III of House Suezan-Mamluk
Type of Government: Feudal Monarchy
Territory:
Fully colored is Current Borders, partially colored is greatest extent of the Kingdom, Blue/Yellow is Republican French Occupied
Population: 3.85 Million. Of those, 55% of the country are Outremerian/Arabic/Turkish Catholics, 20% are Arabic/Turkish Muslims, 10% are Nubian Slaves, 10% are Egyptian Copts, 4% are French/Italian Catholics, and 1% are Mizrahi/Sephardic Hebrews.
Army Size and breakdown: The army is divided into three forces; the largest force of around 100,000 men is the Royal Army. The second force is the Mamluks of Egypt, Turkish Warriors brought in by Arabs and liberated by the French, with a number of around 80,000 soldiers. The third force is the secretive Knights of Alexandria, made of dedicated Catholic soldiers whose sole goal is to protect the Catholic Dominion of Egypt, and is made of 10,000 Crusaders.
Navy size and breakdown: 2 Ship of the Lines with a 3rd in Construction, 10 Frigates, 8 Xebecs, 12 Galleys. Around 270 Sailors.
Main trading partners/ allies:
* The Italian City States, especially the Papal States, have always been the strongest allies and trading partners to the Kingdom
* Austria, a brother in faith and defender of Catholicism in Europe, have been allies since the Thirty Years War
* An Uneasy Alliance with Great Britain has formed due to the threat of Republican France
Current position on Napoleon (allied, against, neutral): Against and currently at war with
Major domestic issues:
* Napoleon's Ambitions: In 1798 French forces landed in Egypt with the intent of conquering it for themselves, but are currently being driven out through a combination of Outremerian-British Forces. Napoleon himself has already fled Egypt realizing it is a lost cause (as he did in real life), but he may return after securing Europe.
* Multi-Ethnic State: Egypt has become a hodgepodge of French and Italian Nobles, Arabic and Turkish Commoners, and Nubian Slaves. While most people are Catholic, there are still large communities of Sunni Muslims and Coptic Christians who are less then supportive of their Outremerian Lords and Brothers.
* Feudal Infighting: Although Napoleon's invasion has temporarily aligned the Houses to fighting France, the infighting among the Nobles is as bad in Egypt as it was in the Kingdom of France before the Revolution. It is only a matter of time before the Infighting occurs again.
* Slavery: Although the Mamluks are free peoples, Outremer has become reliant upon Nubian Slaves to maintain or expand its lucrative goods production. The reliance upon Slave labor has been growing controversial, and the Slaves themselves could become trouble for the Outremerians.
* Weak and outdated Navy
Major foreign issues:
* Napoleon's Ambitions: In 1798 French forces landed in Egypt with the intent of conquering it for themselves, but are currently being driven out through a combination of Outremerian-British Forces. Napoleon himself has already fled Egypt realizing it is a lost cause (as he did in real life), but he may return after securing Europe.
* Resurgence of Islam: Islamic States have been gaining power and slowly taking land from the Kingdom. Before Napoleon's Invasion Outremer was able to retake Ashkelon; when Napoleon came, Outremer called for a truce that will expire within 3 years.
* Nubian Conflict: The Nubians in the South have been rebounding lately, and have started to become aggressive against Egypt.
History:
"And lo, Allah cursed the Sins of his people, as within the span of 20 years the Ummat had collapsed, with Muslims under the oppressive heel of the Latins and the Mongols." - Ibn Battuta
*In 1249, Saint Louis, King of France, invaded Egypt at the same time that the Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt, as-Salih Ayyub, died, and his successor, Turanshah, was in Syria. With al-Salih dead, panic gripped Egypt and the French slowly made gains. A surprise attack on Mansurah resulted in a wipe of the Arabic Forces, including the leader of the Mamlukes, Baiber. Cairo was soon captured and the Queen Regent, Shajar, took her own life, and Louis declared King of Egypt. Turanshah soon launched an offensive with the aid of the Mamluk forces, but his odd behavior and military and political choices, led to his defeat and capture at the Battle of Suez. Turanshah was ransomed to his relative, An-Nasir Yusuf, in exchange for peace with Louis and his forces, thus cementing Latin Rule over Egypt.
* The Capet Era: During this Era, the Kings of France ruled Egypt as a Secondary Kingdom, similar to Navarre. Because of this, the King ruled in France and left most issues to the Lords who settled in Egypt. The main problems at the time were the Mamluks, who had fled to the Deserts near Egypt or into Nubian-held lands, and continuously launched revolts and assaults in Egypt against the French Nobles. The Nobles also had to deal with the still Arabic, still Muslim Populace. To help alleviate problems the French Nobles got their King to issue Edicts of Toleration for the Copts, and generally allowed the kingdoms Jewish Population peace. The Kingdom, however, had no issues with money, as the luxury goods Egypt produce immediately found trade partners in the Italian City States. The Kingdom was also granted a Holy Order by order of Rome: the Knights of Alexandria. Towards the end of the 13th Century, the Eighth Crusade was called to secure the Crusader States from Ayyubid Syria. Egypt focused on securing its border to the East, while invading Ifriqiya and conquering it from the Hafsids. However, the Eastern Crusaders under The Lord Edward of Gascony had failed to liberate the fallen Cities, and the French Kingdom was forced to invade the Holy Land itself. With the aid of Ilkhanate-Mongolian Raiders, Egypt claimed Jerusalem and Lebanon.
* The Anjou-Cairo Era: With the death of Charles the Fair in 1328, France and England went to war over who was the rightful ruler of France. Meanwhile, Philip gained both the Kingdom of Navarre and Egypt. Phillip, however, was more focused on Navarre and the Hundred Years War. The Lords of Egypt eventually revolted against Philip, under the leadership of Robert of House Anjou, and with little resistance, Robert was crowned King Robert of Egypt. The Anjou-Cairo era was the worst period of time for Outremer; the Ilkhanate had converted to Islam and had a series of war with Egypt that resulted in the loss of the Holy Lands, and the Mamluks of the Egyptian Desert launched a series of successful campaigns that conquered much of Southern Egypt. The situation got so bad that the Pope ordered the 10th Crusade which helped keep Egypt from complete collapse, but neither the Crusaders nor Outremer could retake the Holy Land from the Khanate, which would continuously raid into Egypt. Shortly after the Crusade the Black Death would ravage all of Eurasia, including Outremer, which caused a massive loss of life and put even more strife in Egypt, and forced the Kingdom to give concessions to their Muslim Subjects or else they would be overwhelmed by them.
* The Renaissance: In 1451, the Kingdom had stabilized and had gained a new King, Louis "the Egyptian", and under his reign the Renaissance reached Outremer. Unlike their European Counterparts, however, Outremer's Renaissance was fascinated by the Ancient Egyptian Society, as Ancient Egyptian Relics and Sites were discovered. It's unique Renaissance saw the birth of Neo-Egyptian Architecture, and their sciences allowed them to discover the secrets of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphics. Through the Renaissance Catholicism also started to make headway in Egypt, beginning the conversion of the Arabs to Catholics. Louis also finally made peace with the Mamluks of the Desert and even converted its leader to Catholicism. Louis died in 1503, and was buried in a grand Pyramid, but without an heir, the rulership passed to Yahya of the House of Luxor. Yahya "The Pious" was confronted with the Protestant Reformation where Calvinism and Arminianism were preached amongst the Latin and Outremerian Populace. Due to the Crusader Spirit of Egypt, the Protestants were imprisoned or killed, as were many Copts and Muslims. Yahya's Heirs, Rubirt and Luis, continued to crack down on the Protestants and Non-Catholics, fully embracing the Counter-Reformation. Luis died without an Heir, and the Mamluk Yusuf was made King. Although there were worries that Yusuf would be a covert Muslim, Yusuf proved his faith in Catholicism by participating in the 30 Years War with the Austrian Hapsburgs. Though their forces were limited, Yusuf's forces helped fight the early phases of the War and quickly enforced Catholicism on Bohemia and the Palatinate. However, by the time that Denmark became involved, the Egyptian Forces were forced back as the Kingdom was attacked by Morocco and the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans took Cyprus and Crete but were otherwise repulsed, but the Moroccans successfully recaptured Ifriqiya, barely being stopped at Alexandria before a truce was signed. Outremer never truly bothered to re-enter the 30 Years War, and was thus not invited to the Peace of Westphalia.
* The Modern Age: After the 30 Years War, the Nubian states to the South started to become powerful, and started raiding into Egypt. In response, Yusuf began an invasion of Makuria, almost reaching the Capital City of Dongola. Yusuf, however, died, and his son, Ibrahim pulled out of Nubia, but not without taking numerous Nubians as slaves. The Slaves from Nubia proved to be valuable in expanding the trading power of Egypt, and so Ibrahim would continually raid Nubia for more and more slaves for Outremer. Ibrahim also modernized the Egyptian Economy, introducing Mercantilism and focusing production on the luxury goods that Egypt had provided to the rest of Europe. Attempts to solidify Ibrahim's power, however, proved fruitless as the Nobles just had too much prowess. Ibrahim was succeeded by his Son, Ibrahim II, also failed to consolidate power. However, he did begin a series of campaigns to restore Outremer to its full glory. Ibrahim II successfully reconquered Cyprus, but could not gain a foothold anywhere else. Ibrahim II also quashed Enlightenment thinking in Egypt. Ibrahim II gave way to the current King, Ibrahim III, who was able to invade Aschelon. However, his ambitions of conquering Jerusalem were cut short as France, having turned into a Republic, invaded Egypt to try to turn it into a Republic under the French Boot, as well as to wreck the British in India. With the aide of the British, the invasion was halted and the French have been slowly driven back. Ibrahim III plans to completely kick out the French and then begin an Invasion of France.
