Iron and Steel; 20th Century AH [RE/Continuation/OOC/OPEN]

[Castillae]

Le finished map

Decius, could you put it in the OP when you get the chance? The one currently on there is outdated.

Does anyone currently have Spain?

[Vicavian Empire]

Le finished map

Decius, could you put it in the OP when you get the chance? The one currently on there is outdated.

Does anyone currently have Spain?

yeah, all the colored areas are claimed by people

[Castillae]

So white areas are not controlled, correct?

[Kosovo12345]

So white areas are not controlled, correct?

correct

[Vichtander]

Neither of the maps are updated though.

[Vicavian Empire]

Neither of the maps are updated though.

i can already hear soviet screaming
and you did get the op's message about the birch gun?

[Suekiva]

I'm pretty sure "Le finished map" is updated.

[Castillae]

Full Nation Name: the Kingdom of Uruguay
Short Nation Name: Uruguay
National Flag:

Territory: (On Home Continent) Next to Argentina (Below Brazil)
Colonies: (If Any) Paraguay, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Client States: (If Any) Argentina-Chile, Brazil, United States, Spain
Official Language(s): Español (Spanish)
Form of Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Head of State: Juan Esteban Ramirez
Head of Government: (if different) Jorge Luis Almeria
Capital City: Asuncion
Population: 12.1 million
Ethnicities: (The nationalities which inhabit your nation; i.e. French, German, Indian...etc.) 92% European Descent (Mostly Spanish), 8% Amerindian
Religion: (state the situation of the church within your nation) Christianity
Army: (both size and a description of its quality, organisation & structure, etc) 14,000 Active Soldiers, mostly US funded equipment is given to our country.
Navy: (same as the army)
Air Force: (This will largely depend on the economic and industrial capability of your nation. So at the start of the RP, really only major powers will have moderately large and modern air forces for a while) It's a small Air Force since we mostly depend on Argentina-Chile.
Economic Strength: (briefly describe how wealthy your nation is) $58.057 billion is the national GDP.
Infrastructure: (briefly describe the quality of your nations infrastructure)

Uruguay has made significant investments in telecommunications, which place it now at the leading edge in Latin America. This is reflected in the following indexes:

•Digital telecommunications switching and transmissions since 1996: 100 %.
•Telephone demand met since 1997: 100%.
•Highest telephone density in Latin America: 28.
•Number of PCs (per 100 inhabitants): 11.
•Largest number of web hosts in Latin America (per 10,000 inhabitants: 257 (2004).
•Percentage of internet users: 12 % (2004).


Due to its geographic location, Uruguay is a permanent link for land and sea transportation between MERCOSUR member nations, especially Brazil an Argentina, because it is ideally situated between the richest and most developed areas of its neighbor countries.
Uruguay´s transportation infrastructure connects the entire country with 80 % of the region´s GDP without limits.

Rail Transport
•Single, standard track (except for 11 km. of double-track in the access to Montevideo).
•Interchange with Argentina without changing gauge.
•Gauge change necessary in Brazil.
•System operated by the State Railway Administration (AFE), an autonomous state-owned company open to private operator participation.


Free Port
•Montevideo: first and only free port on the South American Atlantic coast.
•"Free" traffic of goods which does not require "authorization or formal procedures".
•"During their stay in the port, goods are exempt from all taxes and charges applicable at the time of import".

The Port of Montevideo is a customs exclusion zone, wherein it is possible to contract international shipping services such as container terminals and warehousing through private operators.


The Nueva Palmira Port, a full service port and bulk terminal on the Paraguay-Paraná Waterway, is currently undergoing an expansion process. Located at a strategic point, the port and bulk terminal offer a wide array of goods and services to the region.
The Paraguay-Paraná Waterway is a fluvial corridor 3,442 km long consisting of the de la Plata, Paraguay and Paraná Rivers, which connect the center of South America with the Atlantic Ocean and constitute the most important method of fluvial transport in South America.


Montevideo: Carrasco International Airport
•Distance from downtown Montevideo: 18 km.
•International airlines: 10.
•The Carrasco International Airport is currently being remodeled and expanded. Construction is being funded by private investment with the aim of improving existing infrastructure.

Punta del Este: Laguna del Sauce Airport
•Distance from downtown Punta del Este: 15 km.
•Runways and terminal have been recently renovated with funds from private investment under concession.


The main sources of energy in Uruguay are hydroelectricity, gas and petroleum.

Gas pipeline
The Cruz del Sur gas pipeline (Buenos Aires - Montevideo), transports between 2 and 2.5 million cubic meters of natural gas per day from Argentina to Uruguay. Most of which is used to produce electricity.
Construction of the Litoral gas pipeline, which transports gas from Entre Rios (Argentina) to Paysandú (Uruguay), has been completed. This 20 kilometer - long gas pipeline supplies tha ANCAP alcohol and cement plants, factories in Paysandú and the "city gate", where the residential distribution network is supplied.

Energy deregulation
In accordance with the law that deregulated energy production, thermoelectric plants may be built by private investors in the BOT system (Build, Operate and Transfer). Energy produced at these plants may be sold to large consumers or the state electric utility (UTE).

Water
•Country-wide supply available on a continual basis.
•Meets or exceeds World Health Organization standards for potable water.
•System improvements: the state-run utility (OSE) is currently working with national and foreign companies to implement system improvements.

Scientific Research and Development: (briefly describe the state of scientific R&D in your nation) We really haven't done much scientifically.
Primary Goals: To establish an economy that will shine throughout South America
History: (From point of deviation from actual history)

The political scene in Uruguay became split between two parties, the conservative Blancos ("Whites") and the liberal Colorados ("Reds"). The Colorados were led by Fructuoso Rivera and represented the business interests of Montevideo; the Blancos were headed by Manuel Oribe, who looked after the agricultural interests of the countryside and promoted protectionism. The two groups took their names from the color of the armbands that they wore; initially, the Colorados wore blue, but when it faded in the sun, they replaced it with red. The Uruguayan parties became associated with warring political factions in neighbouring Argentina. The Colorados favored the exiled Argentinian liberal Unitarios, many of whom had taken refuge in Montevideo, while the Blanco president Manuel Oribe was a close friend of the Argentine governor Juan Manuel de Rosas. Oribe took Rosas's side when the French navy blockaded Buenos Aires in 1838. This led the Colorados and the exiled Unitarios to seek French backing against Oribe and on June 15, 1838, an army led by the Colorado leader Rivera overthrew the president, who fled to Argentina. The Argentinian Unitarios formed a government-in-exile in Montevideo and, with secret French encouragement, Rivera declared war on Rosas in 1839. The conflict would last thirteen years and become known as the "Guerra Grande" (the "Great War"). In 1840, an army of exiled Unitarios attempted to invade northern Argentina from Uruguay but they had little success. Two years later, an Argentinian army overran Uruguay on Oribe's behalf. They seized most of the country but failed to take the capital. The siege of Montevideo, which began in February 1843, would last nine years and capture the world's imagination. Alexandre Dumas, père compared it to a new Trojan War. The besieged Uruguayans called on resident foreigners for help and a French and an Italian legion were formed. The latter was led by the exiled Giuseppe Garibaldi, who was working as a mathematics teacher in Montevideo when the war broke out. Garibaldi was also made head of the Uruguayan navy. He was involved in many famous actions during the war, notably the Battle of San Antonio, which won him a worldwide reputation as a formidable guerrilla leader. The Argentinian blockade of Montevideo was ineffective as Rosas generally tried not to interfere with international shipping on the River Plate. But in 1845, when access to Paraguay was blocked, Britain and France allied against Rosas, seized his fleet and began a blockade of Buenos Aires, while Brazil joined in against Argentina. Rosas reached peace deals with Great Britain and France in 1849 and 1850 respectively. The French agreed to withdraw their legion if Rosas evacuated Argentinian troops from Uruguay. Oribe still maintained a loose siege of the capital. In 1851, the Argentinian caudillo Justo José de Urquiza turned against Rosas and signed a pact with the exiled Unitarios, the Uruguayan Colorados and Brazil against him. Urquiza crossed into Uruguay, defeated Oribe and lifted the siege of Montevideo. He then overthrew Rosas at the Battle of Caseros on February 3, 1852. With Rosas's defeat and exile, the "Guerra Grande" finally came to an end. Slavery was abolished in 1852.

José Batlle y Ordóñez, president from 1903 to 1907 and again from 1911 to 1915, set the pattern for Uruguay's modern political development. He established widespread political, social, and economic reforms such as a welfare program, government participation in many facets of the economy, and a plural executive. Some of these reforms were continued by his successors.

Around 1900 infant mortality rates (IMR) in Uruguay were among the world's lowest, indicating a very healthy population. By 1910, however, the IMR leveled off, while it continued to drop in other countries. The leading causes of death – diarrheal and respiratory diseases – did not decline, indicating a growing public health problem.

During World War I, Uruguay sided against Germany and broke off diplomatic relations. It did not play a role in the combat operations.

In 1930, Uruguay was chosen as the site of the first Football World Cup. Although the field was much smaller than the competitions of today, the event provided national pride when the home team won the tournament over their neighbors Argentina.

On December 13, 1939 the Battle of the River Plate took place off the coast of Uruguay between British forces and the German "pocket battleship" Admiral Graf Spee. After a 72-hour layover in port of Montevideo the captain of the Graf Spee, believing he was hopelessly outnumbered by the British, ordered the ship to be scuttled. Most of the surviving crew of 1,150 were interned in Uruguay and Argentina and many remained after the war. A German Embassy official in Uruguay said his government has sent an official letter stating its position as to whether Germany claims ownership of the vessel. The German claim would be invalid because early in 1940 the Nazi government sold salvaging rights to the vessel to a Uruguayan businessman who was acting on behalf of the British government. However, any salvaging rights would have expired under Uruguayan law.[6] By 1940 Germany had threatened to break off diplomatic relations with Uruguay.[7] Germany protested that Uruguay gave safe harbor to the HMS Carnarvon Castle after it was attacked by a Nazi raider.[8] The ship was repaired with steel plate reportedly salvaged from the Graf Spee.[9]

On January 25, 1942 Uruguay broke diplomatic relations with Nazi Germany, as 21 American nations did the same (except for Argentina).[10] In 1945, it formally joined the Declaration by United Nations.

Sanguinetti's economic reforms, focusing on the attraction of foreign trade and capital, achieved some success and stabilized the economy. In order to promote national reconciliation and facilitate the return of democratic civilian rule, Sanguinetti secured public approval by plebiscite of a controversial general amnesty for military leaders accused of committing human rights violations under the military regime and sped the release of former guerrillas.

The National Party's Luis Alberto Lacalle won the 1989 presidential election and served from 1990 to 1995. President Lacalle executed major economic structural reforms and pursued further liberalization of trade regimes, including Uruguay's inclusion in the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR) in 1991. Despite economic growth during Lacalle's term, adjustment and privatization efforts provoked political opposition, and some reforms were overturned by referendum.

In the 1994 elections, former President Sanguinetti won a new term, which ran from 1995 until March 2000. As no single party had a majority in the General Assembly, the National Party joined with Sanguinetti's Colorado Party in a coalition government. The Sanguinetti government continued Uruguay's economic reforms and integration into MERCOSUR. Other important reforms were aimed at improving the electoral system, social security, education, and public safety. The economy grew steadily for most of Sanguinetti's term until low commodity prices and economic difficulties in its main export markets caused a recession in 1999, which continued into 2002.

The 1999 national elections were held under a new electoral system established by a 1996 constitutional amendment. Primaries in April decided single presidential candidates for each party, and national elections on October 31 determined representation in the legislature. As no presidential candidate received a majority in the October election, a runoff was held in November. In the runoff, Colorado Party candidate Jorge Batlle, aided by the support of the National Party, defeated Broad Front candidate Tabaré Vázquez.

The Colorado and National Parties continued their legislative coalition, as neither party by itself won as many seats as the 40% of each house won by the Broad Front coalition. The formal coalition ended in November 2002, when the Blancos withdrew their ministers from the cabinet, although the Blancos continued to support the Colorados on most issues.

Batlle's five-year term was marked by economic recession and uncertainty, first with the 1999 devaluation of the Brazilian real, then with the outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (aftosa) in Uruguay's key beef sector in 2001, and finally with the political and economic collapse of Argentina. Unemployment rose to close to twenty percent, real wages fell, the peso was devalued and the percentage of Uruguayans in poverty reached almost forty percent.

These worsening economic conditions played a part in turning public opinion against the free market economic policies adopted by the Batlle administration and its predecessors, leading to popular rejection through plebiscites of proposals for privatization of the state petroleum company in 2003 and of the state water company in 2004. In 2004 Uruguayans elected Tabaré Vázquez as president, while giving the Broad Front coalition a majority in both houses of parliament. The newly elected government, while pledging to continue payments on Uruguay's external debt, has also promised to undertake a crash jobs programs to attack the widespread problems of poverty and unemployment.

In 2009, former Tupamaro and agriculture minister José Mujica, was elected president, subsequently succeeding Vázquez on March 1, 2010.

RP Example:

"The Government of Spain is truly outraged that Germany would turn into such a territorial hungry beast. They will suffer, Germany, turn from your ways, fix what you have done." - Message from Leader of the Spanish Royal Navy, Juan Vazquez Andino

If Germany does not respond to the message, North Africa, along with Spain, and Rhodesia, shall declare war on Germany

.

[Gotengo]

Full Nation Name: The Confederacy of Socialist States
Short Nation Name: CSS, Socialist Confederacy
National Flag:
Territory: Its on the Map (On Home Continent)
Colonies: None (If Any)
Client States:
-Socialist Republic of Armenia
-Socialist Republic of Azerbaijan
-Socialist Republic of Georgia
-Socialist Republic of Caucasia
-Socialist Republic of Kazakhstan
-Socialist Republic of Belarus
-Socialist Republic of Siberia
-Socialist Republic of Tajikistan
-Socialist Republic of Russia Proper (If Any)
Official Language(s): Russian
Form of Government: Socialist Politburo Monarchist System
Head of State: Tsar Nicholas II, Emperor of All Russia
Head of Government: Vladimir Lenin, Premier of the Socialist Parliament (if different)
Capital City: Moscow (Socialist Capital), St. Petersburg (Monarchist Capital)
Population: 91,005,638
Ethnicities: Russian, Belarusian, Armenian, Azer, Georgian, Kazak, Tajik, Ukrainian, Finnish, Polish, Latvian, Lithuanian, Estonian, Korean, Chinese, Afghan, Uzbek, Turkmen (We've had a lot of immigrants) (The nationalities which inhabit your nation; i.e. French, German, Indian...etc.)
Religion: There is heavy separation of Church and State in the CSS, and due to Socialist propaganda the Church is seen as an enemy of the people thus much of the CSS is secular though what parts aren't are largely Russian Orthodox. (state the situation of the church within your nation)
Army: There are in essence two "Militaries" in the CSS;
-The Imperial Russian Army: 1,560,000 Active/2,345,000 Reserve
-The People's Army: 561,000 Active/6,000,000 Reserve

The Imperial Russian Army is the same military force that had for centuries been the military arm of the Russian Empire and also fought in the Great War and Russo-Persian Wars. They are at the command of the Russian Imperial High Command and are a largely non-Socialist force thus leading to conflict in cooperation with the People's Army. Though the People's Army is easily larger, the Imperial Russian Army is better trained and also has kept up with the standard of military equipment with the rest of the European Great Powers. Also unlike the People's Army, the Imperial Russian Army has an Armored Vehicles Wing which numbers at 337 strong.

The People's Army is the paramilitary wing of the Socialist Party and get their orders direct from the Socialist Parliament and its Premier. Their training and equipment is not on par with the Imperial Russian Army but they have come to utilize large scale swarm tactics to achieve their goals. This force can only be deployed after a full vote of confidence from the Parliament. They recruit right from the Socialist Party members across the CSS. (both size and a description of its quality, organisation & structure, etc)
Navy: In 1881, the Tsar and the Prime Minister usurped the Socialist Parliament's ruling to disband the Russian Navy completely and instead reestablished the Imperial Russian Navy and modernized it with sweeping reforms modeled after those of both the German Navy and the Royal Navy. The Imperial Russian Navy has a strength of some 37,600 and contains two formations; the Baltic Fleet and the Black Sea Fleet. Both maintain a strength of 2 Battleships, 17 Heavy Cruisers, 8 Dreadnoughts, 6 Light Cruisers, and 20 Destroyers. (same as the army)
Air Force: The Socialist Parliament has, since 1891, denied to fund the creation of any Air Arm to the military forces of the CSS, though the Imperial Russian Army has been researching and developing aircraft designs utilizing black budget projects unknown to the Socialist Parliament. (This will largely depend on the economic and industrial capability of your nation. So at the start of the RP, really only major powers will have moderately large and modern air forces for a while)
Economic Strength: With the Socialist elements of the CSS isolating it from the rest of the world, at its creation in 1865 the economy was on the verge of collapse until the monarchist elements began to run pipelines from the Caucasus to the territories of Persia and the Ottoman Empire and also from the Northern Territories to the territories of Finland and Sweden. All of this was done in secret from the Socialist Parliament and the economic funds raised through this come under the label of 'independent donations'. The remainder of the economy is driven by agriculture. Though the oil operations continue to be kept secret from the Socialist Parliament though in 1897, several pipelines were established running to Poland and Germany as well, and in 1899 six were established to run to Ukraine. (briefly describe how wealthy your nation is)
Infrastructure: (briefly describe the quality of your nations infrastructure)
Scientific Research and Development: (briefly describe the state of scientific R&D in your nation)
Primary Goals:
History: (From point of deviation from actual history)
RP Example:

WIP

[TheNew Austro-Hungarian Empire]

Full Nation Name: the Kingdom of Uruguay
Short Nation Name: Uruguay
National Flag:

(Image)

Territory: (On Home Continent) Next to Argentina (Below Brazil)
Colonies: (If Any) Paraguay, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Client States: (If Any) Argentina-Chile, Brazil
Official Language(s): Español
Form of Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Head of State: Juan Esteban Ramirez
Head of Government: (if different) Jorge Luis Almeria
Capital City: Asuncion
Population: 12.1 million
Ethnicities: (The nationalities which inhabit your nation; i.e. French, German, Indian...etc.) 92% European Descent (Mostly Spanish), 8% Amerindian
Religion: (state the situation of the church within your nation) Christianity
Army: (both size and a description of its quality, organisation & structure, etc) 14,000 Active Soldiers, mostly US funded equipment is given to our country.
Navy: (same as the army)
Air Force: (This will largely depend on the economic and industrial capability of your nation. So at the start of the RP, really only major powers will have moderately large and modern air forces for a while) It's a small Air Force since we mostly depend on Argentina-Chile.
Economic Strength: (briefly describe how wealthy your nation is) $58.057 billion is the national GDP.
Infrastructure: (briefly describe the quality of your nations infrastructure)

Uruguay has made significant investments in telecommunications, which place it now at the leading edge in Latin America. This is reflected in the following indexes:

•Digital telecommunications switching and transmissions since 1996: 100 %.
•Telephone demand met since 1997: 100%.
•Highest telephone density in Latin America: 28.
•Number of PCs (per 100 inhabitants): 11.
•Largest number of web hosts in Latin America (per 10,000 inhabitants: 257 (2004).
•Percentage of internet users: 12 % (2004).


Due to its geographic location, Uruguay is a permanent link for land and sea transportation between MERCOSUR member nations, especially Brazil an Argentina, because it is ideally situated between the richest and most developed areas of its neighbor countries.
Uruguay´s transportation infrastructure connects the entire country with 80 % of the region´s GDP without limits.

Rail Transport
•Single, standard track (except for 11 km. of double-track in the access to Montevideo).
•Interchange with Argentina without changing gauge.
•Gauge change necessary in Brazil.
•System operated by the State Railway Administration (AFE), an autonomous state-owned company open to private operator participation.


Free Port
•Montevideo: first and only free port on the South American Atlantic coast.
•"Free" traffic of goods which does not require "authorization or formal procedures".
•"During their stay in the port, goods are exempt from all taxes and charges applicable at the time of import".

The Port of Montevideo is a customs exclusion zone, wherein it is possible to contract international shipping services such as container terminals and warehousing through private operators.


The Nueva Palmira Port, a full service port and bulk terminal on the Paraguay-Paraná Waterway, is currently undergoing an expansion process. Located at a strategic point, the port and bulk terminal offer a wide array of goods and services to the region.
The Paraguay-Paraná Waterway is a fluvial corridor 3,442 km long consisting of the de la Plata, Paraguay and Paraná Rivers, which connect the center of South America with the Atlantic Ocean and constitute the most important method of fluvial transport in South America.


Montevideo: Carrasco International Airport
•Distance from downtown Montevideo: 18 km.
•International airlines: 10.
•The Carrasco International Airport is currently being remodeled and expanded. Construction is being funded by private investment with the aim of improving existing infrastructure.

Punta del Este: Laguna del Sauce Airport
•Distance from downtown Punta del Este: 15 km.
•Runways and terminal have been recently renovated with funds from private investment under concession.


The main sources of energy in Uruguay are hydroelectricity, gas and petroleum.

Gas pipeline
The Cruz del Sur gas pipeline (Buenos Aires - Montevideo), transports between 2 and 2.5 million cubic meters of natural gas per day from Argentina to Uruguay. Most of which is used to produce electricity.
Construction of the Litoral gas pipeline, which transports gas from Entre Rios (Argentina) to Paysandú (Uruguay), has been completed. This 20 kilometer - long gas pipeline supplies tha ANCAP alcohol and cement plants, factories in Paysandú and the "city gate", where the residential distribution network is supplied.

Energy deregulation
In accordance with the law that deregulated energy production, thermoelectric plants may be built by private investors in the BOT system (Build, Operate and Transfer). Energy produced at these plants may be sold to large consumers or the state electric utility (UTE).

Water
•Country-wide supply available on a continual basis.
•Meets or exceeds World Health Organization standards for potable water.
•System improvements: the state-run utility (OSE) is currently working with national and foreign companies to implement system improvements.

Scientific Research and Development: (briefly describe the state of scientific R&D in your nation) We really haven't done much scientifically.
Primary Goals: To establish an economy that will shine throughout South America
History: (From point of deviation from actual history)

The political scene in Uruguay became split between two parties, the conservative Blancos ("Whites") and the liberal Colorados ("Reds"). The Colorados were led by Fructuoso Rivera and represented the business interests of Montevideo; the Blancos were headed by Manuel Oribe, who looked after the agricultural interests of the countryside and promoted protectionism. The two groups took their names from the color of the armbands that they wore; initially, the Colorados wore blue, but when it faded in the sun, they replaced it with red. The Uruguayan parties became associated with warring political factions in neighbouring Argentina. The Colorados favored the exiled Argentinian liberal Unitarios, many of whom had taken refuge in Montevideo, while the Blanco president Manuel Oribe was a close friend of the Argentine governor Juan Manuel de Rosas. Oribe took Rosas's side when the French navy blockaded Buenos Aires in 1838. This led the Colorados and the exiled Unitarios to seek French backing against Oribe and on June 15, 1838, an army led by the Colorado leader Rivera overthrew the president, who fled to Argentina. The Argentinian Unitarios formed a government-in-exile in Montevideo and, with secret French encouragement, Rivera declared war on Rosas in 1839. The conflict would last thirteen years and become known as the "Guerra Grande" (the "Great War"). In 1840, an army of exiled Unitarios attempted to invade northern Argentina from Uruguay but they had little success. Two years later, an Argentinian army overran Uruguay on Oribe's behalf. They seized most of the country but failed to take the capital. The siege of Montevideo, which began in February 1843, would last nine years and capture the world's imagination. Alexandre Dumas, père compared it to a new Trojan War. The besieged Uruguayans called on resident foreigners for help and a French and an Italian legion were formed. The latter was led by the exiled Giuseppe Garibaldi, who was working as a mathematics teacher in Montevideo when the war broke out. Garibaldi was also made head of the Uruguayan navy. He was involved in many famous actions during the war, notably the Battle of San Antonio, which won him a worldwide reputation as a formidable guerrilla leader. The Argentinian blockade of Montevideo was ineffective as Rosas generally tried not to interfere with international shipping on the River Plate. But in 1845, when access to Paraguay was blocked, Britain and France allied against Rosas, seized his fleet and began a blockade of Buenos Aires, while Brazil joined in against Argentina. Rosas reached peace deals with Great Britain and France in 1849 and 1850 respectively. The French agreed to withdraw their legion if Rosas evacuated Argentinian troops from Uruguay. Oribe still maintained a loose siege of the capital. In 1851, the Argentinian caudillo Justo José de Urquiza turned against Rosas and signed a pact with the exiled Unitarios, the Uruguayan Colorados and Brazil against him. Urquiza crossed into Uruguay, defeated Oribe and lifted the siege of Montevideo. He then overthrew Rosas at the Battle of Caseros on February 3, 1852. With Rosas's defeat and exile, the "Guerra Grande" finally came to an end. Slavery was abolished in 1852.

José Batlle y Ordóñez, president from 1903 to 1907 and again from 1911 to 1915, set the pattern for Uruguay's modern political development. He established widespread political, social, and economic reforms such as a welfare program, government participation in many facets of the economy, and a plural executive. Some of these reforms were continued by his successors.

Around 1900 infant mortality rates (IMR) in Uruguay were among the world's lowest, indicating a very healthy population. By 1910, however, the IMR leveled off, while it continued to drop in other countries. The leading causes of death – diarrheal and respiratory diseases – did not decline, indicating a growing public health problem.

During World War I, Uruguay sided against Germany and broke off diplomatic relations. It did not play a role in the combat operations.

In 1930, Uruguay was chosen as the site of the first Football World Cup. Although the field was much smaller than the competitions of today, the event provided national pride when the home team won the tournament over their neighbors Argentina.

On December 13, 1939 the Battle of the River Plate took place off the coast of Uruguay between British forces and the German "pocket battleship" Admiral Graf Spee. After a 72-hour layover in port of Montevideo the captain of the Graf Spee, believing he was hopelessly outnumbered by the British, ordered the ship to be scuttled. Most of the surviving crew of 1,150 were interned in Uruguay and Argentina and many remained after the war. A German Embassy official in Uruguay said his government has sent an official letter stating its position as to whether Germany claims ownership of the vessel. The German claim would be invalid because early in 1940 the Nazi government sold salvaging rights to the vessel to a Uruguayan businessman who was acting on behalf of the British government. However, any salvaging rights would have expired under Uruguayan law.[6] By 1940 Germany had threatened to break off diplomatic relations with Uruguay.[7] Germany protested that Uruguay gave safe harbor to the HMS Carnarvon Castle after it was attacked by a Nazi raider.[8] The ship was repaired with steel plate reportedly salvaged from the Graf Spee.[9]

On January 25, 1942 Uruguay broke diplomatic relations with Nazi Germany, as 21 American nations did the same (except for Argentina).[10] In 1945, it formally joined the Declaration by United Nations.

Sanguinetti's economic reforms, focusing on the attraction of foreign trade and capital, achieved some success and stabilized the economy. In order to promote national reconciliation and facilitate the return of democratic civilian rule, Sanguinetti secured public approval by plebiscite of a controversial general amnesty for military leaders accused of committing human rights violations under the military regime and sped the release of former guerrillas.

The National Party's Luis Alberto Lacalle won the 1989 presidential election and served from 1990 to 1995. President Lacalle executed major economic structural reforms and pursued further liberalization of trade regimes, including Uruguay's inclusion in the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR) in 1991. Despite economic growth during Lacalle's term, adjustment and privatization efforts provoked political opposition, and some reforms were overturned by referendum.

In the 1994 elections, former President Sanguinetti won a new term, which ran from 1995 until March 2000. As no single party had a majority in the General Assembly, the National Party joined with Sanguinetti's Colorado Party in a coalition government. The Sanguinetti government continued Uruguay's economic reforms and integration into MERCOSUR. Other important reforms were aimed at improving the electoral system, social security, education, and public safety. The economy grew steadily for most of Sanguinetti's term until low commodity prices and economic difficulties in its main export markets caused a recession in 1999, which continued into 2002.

The 1999 national elections were held under a new electoral system established by a 1996 constitutional amendment. Primaries in April decided single presidential candidates for each party, and national elections on October 31 determined representation in the legislature. As no presidential candidate received a majority in the October election, a runoff was held in November. In the runoff, Colorado Party candidate Jorge Batlle, aided by the support of the National Party, defeated Broad Front candidate Tabaré Vázquez.

The Colorado and National Parties continued their legislative coalition, as neither party by itself won as many seats as the 40% of each house won by the Broad Front coalition. The formal coalition ended in November 2002, when the Blancos withdrew their ministers from the cabinet, although the Blancos continued to support the Colorados on most issues.

Batlle's five-year term was marked by economic recession and uncertainty, first with the 1999 devaluation of the Brazilian real, then with the outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (aftosa) in Uruguay's key beef sector in 2001, and finally with the political and economic collapse of Argentina. Unemployment rose to close to twenty percent, real wages fell, the peso was devalued and the percentage of Uruguayans in poverty reached almost forty percent.

These worsening economic conditions played a part in turning public opinion against the free market economic policies adopted by the Batlle administration and its predecessors, leading to popular rejection through plebiscites of proposals for privatization of the state petroleum company in 2003 and of the state water company in 2004. In 2004 Uruguayans elected Tabaré Vázquez as president, while giving the Broad Front coalition a majority in both houses of parliament. The newly elected government, while pledging to continue payments on Uruguay's external debt, has also promised to undertake a crash jobs programs to attack the widespread problems of poverty and unemployment.

In 2009, former Tupamaro and agriculture minister José Mujica, was elected president, subsequently succeeding Vázquez on March 1, 2010.

RP Example:

"The Government of Spain is truly outraged that Germany would turn into such a territorial hungry beast. They will suffer, Germany, turn from your ways, fix what you have done." - Message from Leader of the Spanish Royal Navy, Juan Vazquez Andino

If Germany does not respond to the message, North Africa, along with Spain, and Rhodesia, shall declare war on Germany

.

Um in case you didn't notice, this starts in 1900. And I believe those territories already belong to Gran Peru.

We have an archive thread with historical events for a reason.

[New Decius]

Full Nation Name: the Kingdom of Uruguay
Short Nation Name: Uruguay
National Flag:

(Image)

Territory: (On Home Continent) Next to Argentina (Below Brazil)
Colonies: (If Any) Paraguay, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Client States: (If Any) Argentina-Chile, Brazil
Official Language(s): Español
Form of Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Head of State: Juan Esteban Ramirez
Head of Government: (if different) Jorge Luis Almeria
Capital City: Asuncion
Population: 12.1 million
Ethnicities: (The nationalities which inhabit your nation; i.e. French, German, Indian...etc.) 92% European Descent (Mostly Spanish), 8% Amerindian
Religion: (state the situation of the church within your nation) Christianity
Army: (both size and a description of its quality, organisation & structure, etc) 14,000 Active Soldiers, mostly US funded equipment is given to our country.
Navy: (same as the army)
Air Force: (This will largely depend on the economic and industrial capability of your nation. So at the start of the RP, really only major powers will have moderately large and modern air forces for a while) It's a small Air Force since we mostly depend on Argentina-Chile.
Economic Strength: (briefly describe how wealthy your nation is) $58.057 billion is the national GDP.
Infrastructure: (briefly describe the quality of your nations infrastructure)

Uruguay has made significant investments in telecommunications, which place it now at the leading edge in Latin America. This is reflected in the following indexes:

•Digital telecommunications switching and transmissions since 1996: 100 %.
•Telephone demand met since 1997: 100%.
•Highest telephone density in Latin America: 28.
•Number of PCs (per 100 inhabitants): 11.
•Largest number of web hosts in Latin America (per 10,000 inhabitants: 257 (2004).
•Percentage of internet users: 12 % (2004).


Due to its geographic location, Uruguay is a permanent link for land and sea transportation between MERCOSUR member nations, especially Brazil an Argentina, because it is ideally situated between the richest and most developed areas of its neighbor countries.
Uruguay´s transportation infrastructure connects the entire country with 80 % of the region´s GDP without limits.

Rail Transport
•Single, standard track (except for 11 km. of double-track in the access to Montevideo).
•Interchange with Argentina without changing gauge.
•Gauge change necessary in Brazil.
•System operated by the State Railway Administration (AFE), an autonomous state-owned company open to private operator participation.


Free Port
•Montevideo: first and only free port on the South American Atlantic coast.
•"Free" traffic of goods which does not require "authorization or formal procedures".
•"During their stay in the port, goods are exempt from all taxes and charges applicable at the time of import".

The Port of Montevideo is a customs exclusion zone, wherein it is possible to contract international shipping services such as container terminals and warehousing through private operators.


The Nueva Palmira Port, a full service port and bulk terminal on the Paraguay-Paraná Waterway, is currently undergoing an expansion process. Located at a strategic point, the port and bulk terminal offer a wide array of goods and services to the region.
The Paraguay-Paraná Waterway is a fluvial corridor 3,442 km long consisting of the de la Plata, Paraguay and Paraná Rivers, which connect the center of South America with the Atlantic Ocean and constitute the most important method of fluvial transport in South America.


Montevideo: Carrasco International Airport
•Distance from downtown Montevideo: 18 km.
•International airlines: 10.
•The Carrasco International Airport is currently being remodeled and expanded. Construction is being funded by private investment with the aim of improving existing infrastructure.

Punta del Este: Laguna del Sauce Airport
•Distance from downtown Punta del Este: 15 km.
•Runways and terminal have been recently renovated with funds from private investment under concession.


The main sources of energy in Uruguay are hydroelectricity, gas and petroleum.

Gas pipeline
The Cruz del Sur gas pipeline (Buenos Aires - Montevideo), transports between 2 and 2.5 million cubic meters of natural gas per day from Argentina to Uruguay. Most of which is used to produce electricity.
Construction of the Litoral gas pipeline, which transports gas from Entre Rios (Argentina) to Paysandú (Uruguay), has been completed. This 20 kilometer - long gas pipeline supplies tha ANCAP alcohol and cement plants, factories in Paysandú and the "city gate", where the residential distribution network is supplied.

Energy deregulation
In accordance with the law that deregulated energy production, thermoelectric plants may be built by private investors in the BOT system (Build, Operate and Transfer). Energy produced at these plants may be sold to large consumers or the state electric utility (UTE).

Water
•Country-wide supply available on a continual basis.
•Meets or exceeds World Health Organization standards for potable water.
•System improvements: the state-run utility (OSE) is currently working with national and foreign companies to implement system improvements.

Scientific Research and Development: (briefly describe the state of scientific R&D in your nation) We really haven't done much scientifically.
Primary Goals: To establish an economy that will shine throughout South America
History: (From point of deviation from actual history)

The political scene in Uruguay became split between two parties, the conservative Blancos ("Whites") and the liberal Colorados ("Reds"). The Colorados were led by Fructuoso Rivera and represented the business interests of Montevideo; the Blancos were headed by Manuel Oribe, who looked after the agricultural interests of the countryside and promoted protectionism. The two groups took their names from the color of the armbands that they wore; initially, the Colorados wore blue, but when it faded in the sun, they replaced it with red. The Uruguayan parties became associated with warring political factions in neighbouring Argentina. The Colorados favored the exiled Argentinian liberal Unitarios, many of whom had taken refuge in Montevideo, while the Blanco president Manuel Oribe was a close friend of the Argentine governor Juan Manuel de Rosas. Oribe took Rosas's side when the French navy blockaded Buenos Aires in 1838. This led the Colorados and the exiled Unitarios to seek French backing against Oribe and on June 15, 1838, an army led by the Colorado leader Rivera overthrew the president, who fled to Argentina. The Argentinian Unitarios formed a government-in-exile in Montevideo and, with secret French encouragement, Rivera declared war on Rosas in 1839. The conflict would last thirteen years and become known as the "Guerra Grande" (the "Great War"). In 1840, an army of exiled Unitarios attempted to invade northern Argentina from Uruguay but they had little success. Two years later, an Argentinian army overran Uruguay on Oribe's behalf. They seized most of the country but failed to take the capital. The siege of Montevideo, which began in February 1843, would last nine years and capture the world's imagination. Alexandre Dumas, père compared it to a new Trojan War. The besieged Uruguayans called on resident foreigners for help and a French and an Italian legion were formed. The latter was led by the exiled Giuseppe Garibaldi, who was working as a mathematics teacher in Montevideo when the war broke out. Garibaldi was also made head of the Uruguayan navy. He was involved in many famous actions during the war, notably the Battle of San Antonio, which won him a worldwide reputation as a formidable guerrilla leader. The Argentinian blockade of Montevideo was ineffective as Rosas generally tried not to interfere with international shipping on the River Plate. But in 1845, when access to Paraguay was blocked, Britain and France allied against Rosas, seized his fleet and began a blockade of Buenos Aires, while Brazil joined in against Argentina. Rosas reached peace deals with Great Britain and France in 1849 and 1850 respectively. The French agreed to withdraw their legion if Rosas evacuated Argentinian troops from Uruguay. Oribe still maintained a loose siege of the capital. In 1851, the Argentinian caudillo Justo José de Urquiza turned against Rosas and signed a pact with the exiled Unitarios, the Uruguayan Colorados and Brazil against him. Urquiza crossed into Uruguay, defeated Oribe and lifted the siege of Montevideo. He then overthrew Rosas at the Battle of Caseros on February 3, 1852. With Rosas's defeat and exile, the "Guerra Grande" finally came to an end. Slavery was abolished in 1852.

José Batlle y Ordóñez, president from 1903 to 1907 and again from 1911 to 1915, set the pattern for Uruguay's modern political development. He established widespread political, social, and economic reforms such as a welfare program, government participation in many facets of the economy, and a plural executive. Some of these reforms were continued by his successors.

Around 1900 infant mortality rates (IMR) in Uruguay were among the world's lowest, indicating a very healthy population. By 1910, however, the IMR leveled off, while it continued to drop in other countries. The leading causes of death – diarrheal and respiratory diseases – did not decline, indicating a growing public health problem.

During World War I, Uruguay sided against Germany and broke off diplomatic relations. It did not play a role in the combat operations.

In 1930, Uruguay was chosen as the site of the first Football World Cup. Although the field was much smaller than the competitions of today, the event provided national pride when the home team won the tournament over their neighbors Argentina.

On December 13, 1939 the Battle of the River Plate took place off the coast of Uruguay between British forces and the German "pocket battleship" Admiral Graf Spee. After a 72-hour layover in port of Montevideo the captain of the Graf Spee, believing he was hopelessly outnumbered by the British, ordered the ship to be scuttled. Most of the surviving crew of 1,150 were interned in Uruguay and Argentina and many remained after the war. A German Embassy official in Uruguay said his government has sent an official letter stating its position as to whether Germany claims ownership of the vessel. The German claim would be invalid because early in 1940 the Nazi government sold salvaging rights to the vessel to a Uruguayan businessman who was acting on behalf of the British government. However, any salvaging rights would have expired under Uruguayan law.[6] By 1940 Germany had threatened to break off diplomatic relations with Uruguay.[7] Germany protested that Uruguay gave safe harbor to the HMS Carnarvon Castle after it was attacked by a Nazi raider.[8] The ship was repaired with steel plate reportedly salvaged from the Graf Spee.[9]

On January 25, 1942 Uruguay broke diplomatic relations with Nazi Germany, as 21 American nations did the same (except for Argentina).[10] In 1945, it formally joined the Declaration by United Nations.

Sanguinetti's economic reforms, focusing on the attraction of foreign trade and capital, achieved some success and stabilized the economy. In order to promote national reconciliation and facilitate the return of democratic civilian rule, Sanguinetti secured public approval by plebiscite of a controversial general amnesty for military leaders accused of committing human rights violations under the military regime and sped the release of former guerrillas.

The National Party's Luis Alberto Lacalle won the 1989 presidential election and served from 1990 to 1995. President Lacalle executed major economic structural reforms and pursued further liberalization of trade regimes, including Uruguay's inclusion in the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR) in 1991. Despite economic growth during Lacalle's term, adjustment and privatization efforts provoked political opposition, and some reforms were overturned by referendum.

In the 1994 elections, former President Sanguinetti won a new term, which ran from 1995 until March 2000. As no single party had a majority in the General Assembly, the National Party joined with Sanguinetti's Colorado Party in a coalition government. The Sanguinetti government continued Uruguay's economic reforms and integration into MERCOSUR. Other important reforms were aimed at improving the electoral system, social security, education, and public safety. The economy grew steadily for most of Sanguinetti's term until low commodity prices and economic difficulties in its main export markets caused a recession in 1999, which continued into 2002.

The 1999 national elections were held under a new electoral system established by a 1996 constitutional amendment. Primaries in April decided single presidential candidates for each party, and national elections on October 31 determined representation in the legislature. As no presidential candidate received a majority in the October election, a runoff was held in November. In the runoff, Colorado Party candidate Jorge Batlle, aided by the support of the National Party, defeated Broad Front candidate Tabaré Vázquez.

The Colorado and National Parties continued their legislative coalition, as neither party by itself won as many seats as the 40% of each house won by the Broad Front coalition. The formal coalition ended in November 2002, when the Blancos withdrew their ministers from the cabinet, although the Blancos continued to support the Colorados on most issues.

Batlle's five-year term was marked by economic recession and uncertainty, first with the 1999 devaluation of the Brazilian real, then with the outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (aftosa) in Uruguay's key beef sector in 2001, and finally with the political and economic collapse of Argentina. Unemployment rose to close to twenty percent, real wages fell, the peso was devalued and the percentage of Uruguayans in poverty reached almost forty percent.

These worsening economic conditions played a part in turning public opinion against the free market economic policies adopted by the Batlle administration and its predecessors, leading to popular rejection through plebiscites of proposals for privatization of the state petroleum company in 2003 and of the state water company in 2004. In 2004 Uruguayans elected Tabaré Vázquez as president, while giving the Broad Front coalition a majority in both houses of parliament. The newly elected government, while pledging to continue payments on Uruguay's external debt, has also promised to undertake a crash jobs programs to attack the widespread problems of poverty and unemployment.

In 2009, former Tupamaro and agriculture minister José Mujica, was elected president, subsequently succeeding Vázquez on March 1, 2010.

RP Example:

"The Government of Spain is truly outraged that Germany would turn into such a territorial hungry beast. They will suffer, Germany, turn from your ways, fix what you have done." - Message from Leader of the Spanish Royal Navy, Juan Vazquez Andino

If Germany does not respond to the message, North Africa, along with Spain, and Rhodesia, shall declare war on Germany

.

Um in case you didn't notice, this starts in 1900. And I believe those territories already belong to Gran Peru.

We have an archive thread with historical events for a reason.

Now, Now, no need to be snarky. But what he says is true. This starts in 1900, and the timeline continues on from the last version of Iron and Steel which ran through the 1800's.

Please refer to the archive thread. And the map as well.

[New Decius]

Full Nation Name: the Kingdom of Uruguay
Short Nation Name: Uruguay
National Flag:

(Image)

Territory: (On Home Continent) Next to Argentina (Below Brazil)
Colonies: (If Any) Paraguay, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Client States: (If Any) Argentina-Chile, Brazil, United States, Spain
Official Language(s): Español (Spanish)
Form of Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Head of State: Juan Esteban Ramirez
Head of Government: (if different) Jorge Luis Almeria
Capital City: Asuncion
Population: 12.1 million
Ethnicities: (The nationalities which inhabit your nation; i.e. French, German, Indian...etc.) 92% European Descent (Mostly Spanish), 8% Amerindian
Religion: (state the situation of the church within your nation) Christianity
Army: (both size and a description of its quality, organisation & structure, etc) 14,000 Active Soldiers, mostly US funded equipment is given to our country.
Navy: (same as the army)
Air Force: (This will largely depend on the economic and industrial capability of your nation. So at the start of the RP, really only major powers will have moderately large and modern air forces for a while) It's a small Air Force since we mostly depend on Argentina-Chile.
Economic Strength: (briefly describe how wealthy your nation is) $58.057 billion is the national GDP.
Infrastructure: (briefly describe the quality of your nations infrastructure)

Uruguay has made significant investments in telecommunications, which place it now at the leading edge in Latin America. This is reflected in the following indexes:

•Digital telecommunications switching and transmissions since 1996: 100 %.
•Telephone demand met since 1997: 100%.
•Highest telephone density in Latin America: 28.
•Number of PCs (per 100 inhabitants): 11.
•Largest number of web hosts in Latin America (per 10,000 inhabitants: 257 (2004).
•Percentage of internet users: 12 % (2004).


Due to its geographic location, Uruguay is a permanent link for land and sea transportation between MERCOSUR member nations, especially Brazil an Argentina, because it is ideally situated between the richest and most developed areas of its neighbor countries.
Uruguay´s transportation infrastructure connects the entire country with 80 % of the region´s GDP without limits.

Rail Transport
•Single, standard track (except for 11 km. of double-track in the access to Montevideo).
•Interchange with Argentina without changing gauge.
•Gauge change necessary in Brazil.
•System operated by the State Railway Administration (AFE), an autonomous state-owned company open to private operator participation.


Free Port
•Montevideo: first and only free port on the South American Atlantic coast.
•"Free" traffic of goods which does not require "authorization or formal procedures".
•"During their stay in the port, goods are exempt from all taxes and charges applicable at the time of import".

The Port of Montevideo is a customs exclusion zone, wherein it is possible to contract international shipping services such as container terminals and warehousing through private operators.


The Nueva Palmira Port, a full service port and bulk terminal on the Paraguay-Paraná Waterway, is currently undergoing an expansion process. Located at a strategic point, the port and bulk terminal offer a wide array of goods and services to the region.
The Paraguay-Paraná Waterway is a fluvial corridor 3,442 km long consisting of the de la Plata, Paraguay and Paraná Rivers, which connect the center of South America with the Atlantic Ocean and constitute the most important method of fluvial transport in South America.


Montevideo: Carrasco International Airport
•Distance from downtown Montevideo: 18 km.
•International airlines: 10.
•The Carrasco International Airport is currently being remodeled and expanded. Construction is being funded by private investment with the aim of improving existing infrastructure.

Punta del Este: Laguna del Sauce Airport
•Distance from downtown Punta del Este: 15 km.
•Runways and terminal have been recently renovated with funds from private investment under concession.


The main sources of energy in Uruguay are hydroelectricity, gas and petroleum.

Gas pipeline
The Cruz del Sur gas pipeline (Buenos Aires - Montevideo), transports between 2 and 2.5 million cubic meters of natural gas per day from Argentina to Uruguay. Most of which is used to produce electricity.
Construction of the Litoral gas pipeline, which transports gas from Entre Rios (Argentina) to Paysandú (Uruguay), has been completed. This 20 kilometer - long gas pipeline supplies tha ANCAP alcohol and cement plants, factories in Paysandú and the "city gate", where the residential distribution network is supplied.

Energy deregulation
In accordance with the law that deregulated energy production, thermoelectric plants may be built by private investors in the BOT system (Build, Operate and Transfer). Energy produced at these plants may be sold to large consumers or the state electric utility (UTE).

Water
•Country-wide supply available on a continual basis.
•Meets or exceeds World Health Organization standards for potable water.
•System improvements: the state-run utility (OSE) is currently working with national and foreign companies to implement system improvements.

Scientific Research and Development: (briefly describe the state of scientific R&D in your nation) We really haven't done much scientifically.
Primary Goals: To establish an economy that will shine throughout South America
History: (From point of deviation from actual history)

The political scene in Uruguay became split between two parties, the conservative Blancos ("Whites") and the liberal Colorados ("Reds"). The Colorados were led by Fructuoso Rivera and represented the business interests of Montevideo; the Blancos were headed by Manuel Oribe, who looked after the agricultural interests of the countryside and promoted protectionism. The two groups took their names from the color of the armbands that they wore; initially, the Colorados wore blue, but when it faded in the sun, they replaced it with red. The Uruguayan parties became associated with warring political factions in neighbouring Argentina. The Colorados favored the exiled Argentinian liberal Unitarios, many of whom had taken refuge in Montevideo, while the Blanco president Manuel Oribe was a close friend of the Argentine governor Juan Manuel de Rosas. Oribe took Rosas's side when the French navy blockaded Buenos Aires in 1838. This led the Colorados and the exiled Unitarios to seek French backing against Oribe and on June 15, 1838, an army led by the Colorado leader Rivera overthrew the president, who fled to Argentina. The Argentinian Unitarios formed a government-in-exile in Montevideo and, with secret French encouragement, Rivera declared war on Rosas in 1839. The conflict would last thirteen years and become known as the "Guerra Grande" (the "Great War"). In 1840, an army of exiled Unitarios attempted to invade northern Argentina from Uruguay but they had little success. Two years later, an Argentinian army overran Uruguay on Oribe's behalf. They seized most of the country but failed to take the capital. The siege of Montevideo, which began in February 1843, would last nine years and capture the world's imagination. Alexandre Dumas, père compared it to a new Trojan War. The besieged Uruguayans called on resident foreigners for help and a French and an Italian legion were formed. The latter was led by the exiled Giuseppe Garibaldi, who was working as a mathematics teacher in Montevideo when the war broke out. Garibaldi was also made head of the Uruguayan navy. He was involved in many famous actions during the war, notably the Battle of San Antonio, which won him a worldwide reputation as a formidable guerrilla leader. The Argentinian blockade of Montevideo was ineffective as Rosas generally tried not to interfere with international shipping on the River Plate. But in 1845, when access to Paraguay was blocked, Britain and France allied against Rosas, seized his fleet and began a blockade of Buenos Aires, while Brazil joined in against Argentina. Rosas reached peace deals with Great Britain and France in 1849 and 1850 respectively. The French agreed to withdraw their legion if Rosas evacuated Argentinian troops from Uruguay. Oribe still maintained a loose siege of the capital. In 1851, the Argentinian caudillo Justo José de Urquiza turned against Rosas and signed a pact with the exiled Unitarios, the Uruguayan Colorados and Brazil against him. Urquiza crossed into Uruguay, defeated Oribe and lifted the siege of Montevideo. He then overthrew Rosas at the Battle of Caseros on February 3, 1852. With Rosas's defeat and exile, the "Guerra Grande" finally came to an end. Slavery was abolished in 1852.

José Batlle y Ordóñez, president from 1903 to 1907 and again from 1911 to 1915, set the pattern for Uruguay's modern political development. He established widespread political, social, and economic reforms such as a welfare program, government participation in many facets of the economy, and a plural executive. Some of these reforms were continued by his successors.

Around 1900 infant mortality rates (IMR) in Uruguay were among the world's lowest, indicating a very healthy population. By 1910, however, the IMR leveled off, while it continued to drop in other countries. The leading causes of death – diarrheal and respiratory diseases – did not decline, indicating a growing public health problem.

During World War I, Uruguay sided against Germany and broke off diplomatic relations. It did not play a role in the combat operations.

In 1930, Uruguay was chosen as the site of the first Football World Cup. Although the field was much smaller than the competitions of today, the event provided national pride when the home team won the tournament over their neighbors Argentina.

On December 13, 1939 the Battle of the River Plate took place off the coast of Uruguay between British forces and the German "pocket battleship" Admiral Graf Spee. After a 72-hour layover in port of Montevideo the captain of the Graf Spee, believing he was hopelessly outnumbered by the British, ordered the ship to be scuttled. Most of the surviving crew of 1,150 were interned in Uruguay and Argentina and many remained after the war. A German Embassy official in Uruguay said his government has sent an official letter stating its position as to whether Germany claims ownership of the vessel. The German claim would be invalid because early in 1940 the Nazi government sold salvaging rights to the vessel to a Uruguayan businessman who was acting on behalf of the British government. However, any salvaging rights would have expired under Uruguayan law.[6] By 1940 Germany had threatened to break off diplomatic relations with Uruguay.[7] Germany protested that Uruguay gave safe harbor to the HMS Carnarvon Castle after it was attacked by a Nazi raider.[8] The ship was repaired with steel plate reportedly salvaged from the Graf Spee.[9]

On January 25, 1942 Uruguay broke diplomatic relations with Nazi Germany, as 21 American nations did the same (except for Argentina).[10] In 1945, it formally joined the Declaration by United Nations.

Sanguinetti's economic reforms, focusing on the attraction of foreign trade and capital, achieved some success and stabilized the economy. In order to promote national reconciliation and facilitate the return of democratic civilian rule, Sanguinetti secured public approval by plebiscite of a controversial general amnesty for military leaders accused of committing human rights violations under the military regime and sped the release of former guerrillas.

The National Party's Luis Alberto Lacalle won the 1989 presidential election and served from 1990 to 1995. President Lacalle executed major economic structural reforms and pursued further liberalization of trade regimes, including Uruguay's inclusion in the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR) in 1991. Despite economic growth during Lacalle's term, adjustment and privatization efforts provoked political opposition, and some reforms were overturned by referendum.

In the 1994 elections, former President Sanguinetti won a new term, which ran from 1995 until March 2000. As no single party had a majority in the General Assembly, the National Party joined with Sanguinetti's Colorado Party in a coalition government. The Sanguinetti government continued Uruguay's economic reforms and integration into MERCOSUR. Other important reforms were aimed at improving the electoral system, social security, education, and public safety. The economy grew steadily for most of Sanguinetti's term until low commodity prices and economic difficulties in its main export markets caused a recession in 1999, which continued into 2002.

The 1999 national elections were held under a new electoral system established by a 1996 constitutional amendment. Primaries in April decided single presidential candidates for each party, and national elections on October 31 determined representation in the legislature. As no presidential candidate received a majority in the October election, a runoff was held in November. In the runoff, Colorado Party candidate Jorge Batlle, aided by the support of the National Party, defeated Broad Front candidate Tabaré Vázquez.

The Colorado and National Parties continued their legislative coalition, as neither party by itself won as many seats as the 40% of each house won by the Broad Front coalition. The formal coalition ended in November 2002, when the Blancos withdrew their ministers from the cabinet, although the Blancos continued to support the Colorados on most issues.

Batlle's five-year term was marked by economic recession and uncertainty, first with the 1999 devaluation of the Brazilian real, then with the outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (aftosa) in Uruguay's key beef sector in 2001, and finally with the political and economic collapse of Argentina. Unemployment rose to close to twenty percent, real wages fell, the peso was devalued and the percentage of Uruguayans in poverty reached almost forty percent.

These worsening economic conditions played a part in turning public opinion against the free market economic policies adopted by the Batlle administration and its predecessors, leading to popular rejection through plebiscites of proposals for privatization of the state petroleum company in 2003 and of the state water company in 2004. In 2004 Uruguayans elected Tabaré Vázquez as president, while giving the Broad Front coalition a majority in both houses of parliament. The newly elected government, while pledging to continue payments on Uruguay's external debt, has also promised to undertake a crash jobs programs to attack the widespread problems of poverty and unemployment.

In 2009, former Tupamaro and agriculture minister José Mujica, was elected president, subsequently succeeding Vázquez on March 1, 2010.

RP Example:

"The Government of Spain is truly outraged that Germany would turn into such a territorial hungry beast. They will suffer, Germany, turn from your ways, fix what you have done." - Message from Leader of the Spanish Royal Navy, Juan Vazquez Andino

If Germany does not respond to the message, North Africa, along with Spain, and Rhodesia, shall declare war on Germany

.

In case it wasn't clear, denied.

And really, you just copied and pasted that article about the Graf Spee from Wikipedia.

And what RP is your example from?

[New Decius]

Neither of the maps are updated though.

How so?

[Soviet Chernarus]

Neither of the maps are updated though.

How so?

I think he meant the maps in the Op and Archive weren't updated; However, I'll update the one in the Archive shortly after I finish making a thread for my region

[The New Greek Republic]

How so?

I think he meant the maps in the Op and Archive weren't updated; However, I'll update the one in the Archive shortly after I finish making a thread for my region

Are Ukraine and Persia going to be allies or nah?

[Soviet Chernarus]

I think he meant the maps in the Op and Archive weren't updated; However, I'll update the one in the Archive shortly after I finish making a thread for my region

Are Ukraine and Persia going to be allies or nah?

Why are you asking me XD? Probably, since you two border Russia and probably hate their guts.

[The New Greek Republic]

Are Ukraine and Persia going to be allies or nah?

Why are you asking me XD? Probably, since you two border Russia and probably hate their guts.

Oh you're not Ukraine?

Whoops xP stupid ngr is stupid

[Soviet Chernarus]

Why are you asking me XD? Probably, since you two border Russia and probably hate their guts.

Oh you're not Ukraine?

Whoops xP stupid ngr is stupid

I believe you're looking for the New Byzantine II, I'm Hungary

[The New Greek Republic]

Oh you're not Ukraine?

Whoops xP stupid ngr is stupid

I believe you're looking for the New Byzantine II, I'm Hungary

My bad.

Hungary and Persia?

[Soviet Chernarus]

I believe you're looking for the New Byzantine II, I'm Hungary

My bad.

Hungary and Persia?

Prolly; since we both hate Russia, we'll probably give you some training (from the officers of our most elite troops, the Honvéd Guard) and weapons, in exchange for containing and preventing the spread of Russian influence in Central Asia. And maybe some oil would be nice as well

[The Danish Confederacy]

I believe you're looking for the New Byzantine II, I'm Hungary

My bad.

Hungary and Persia?

Denmark-Norway and Persia?

[Suekiva]

I'll chip in too, from my new home in Sweden. Hope Zoroastrians like reindeer haggis!

[The Danish Confederacy]

I'll chip in too, from my new home in Sweden. Hope Zoroastrians like reindeer haggis!

REEEEEEEEEEIIIIIINNNDDEEEEEEEEEEEEEEERRRRRRRR HAMAGIS

[The New Greek Republic]

My bad.

Hungary and Persia?

Prolly; since we both hate Russia, we'll probably give you some training (from the officers of our most elite troops, the Honvéd Guard) and weapons, in exchange for containing and preventing the spread of Russian influence in Central Asia. And maybe some oil would be nice as well

MOAR ECAHNMEH YAS

Sounds good, can't wait to start

[Suekiva]

I'll chip in too, from my new home in Sweden. Hope Zoroastrians like reindeer haggis!

REEEEEEEEEEIIIIIINNNDDEEEEEEEEEEEEEEERRRRRRRR HAMAGIS

Of course, you can have some too. I'll have my new Sami slaves friends bring some over the border to Norway.