What happens if your leader is temporarily unable to lead?

[Saint Arsenio]

In the case that King Macio Glennwood is temporarily unable to lead the Kingdom or is out of the Nation, Queen Jenny assumes all responsibilities and duties that he would originally have had, until he is able to safely lead the Nation, or returns from a trip.

[Iciaros]

In the event that the reigning Empress is indisposed, the power of the crown falls to the designated heir. Should the heir not exist or be similarly indisposed, limited power falls to the Imperial Council of Advisors, subject to the requirement that they only take the minimum action necessary to address only urgent and serious concerns. This power is expanded to the power to appoint a new heir (who will immediately ascend to the throne) if the Empress and heir are indisposed because they are, well, dead.

[Akrafjall]

When it comes to the Head of State, usually the monarch would abdicate the throne and their heir would be crowned.

When it comes to the Head of Government, the Secretary of the Prime Minister will act of behalf of the Prime Minister. Acting on his/her wishes much like someone with Power of Attorney. If the period of regency extends 3 months, an election is called.

[Old Northwest]

The Proletarian Dictatorship recently went through such a transition. President André was killed in an attempted coup, which prompted the International Communist Party to subsequently take power. Congress voluntarily dissolved itself and many delegates became members of the Organic Centralist "New International Communist Party." Prior to this coup, normally Congress would elect the new president in an emergency election.

[Evil Dictators Happyland]

The Dictator always has a successor chosen, and in the past, he has handed off power to them (though he always regained it - being immortal, all his breaks from leadership were exactly that, breaks). However, he was recently killed, and as his successor could not be located, the state essentially collapsed, with the eastern coast ruled by his council of advisors, the west coast ruled by a democratic revolutionary, and the middle ruled by hundreds if not thousands of fractured warlord states. Only time will tell how this ends.

[The Galactic Liberal Democracy]

The speaker of the council is only as important as their colleagues. There would be no problems except the executive branch would be one person short. A new speaker would be temporarily appointed.

[Vallermoore]

The Vice President takes over.

[Xanthal]

By tradition, Triumvirs maintain a list of preferred successors. If a Triumvir becomes incapacitated the first name on the list whom is eligible, willing, and able to serve will assume their position at which point it is theirs to hold or give up when and if the original Triumvir recovers. If there is no list, or if the Triumvir has not asked that the list be activated in the circumstances causing their incapacitation, the remaining two Triumvirs will exercise executive power without a third until she either returns to duty or is removed from office (which can happen either by an act of the Assembly or by her being voted out in an election).

If a member of the Assembly is incapacitated, the decision of how to proceed belongs to the leadership of his political party, which may choose to replace him on a temporary or permanent basis, or to leave him in his position and lose the vote associated with his seat until he recovers.

If a High Court Judge is incapacitated, unless she has specified in advance that such circumstances should trigger a resignation, the court will continue to operate normally without her until she returns to duty, resigns, or is removed by the Assembly.

[Hamidiye]

The Shezade, should he be over 21, or the High Divan will take over.

[Slandntarc]

The House of Polls and the House of Class nominate three candidates to become the potential interim leader. The next day, the two houses must vote between the three candidates put up for nomination. The candidate with the most votes becomes the interim leader.

[Nhoor]

Although strictly checked by the legislative branch (parliament, unofficially known in Nhoor as 'The Floor'), the executive branch of Nhoor politics (i.e. the Council of Ministers) is an unelected, self-regulating political organ. The ministers decide among themselves who leaves and joins them and who will get which portfolio. If the First Minister is temporarily unable to lead, another minister will take his or her place either temporarily or permanently (but through cabinet shuffles the same person can theoretically serve several non-consecutive terms on any portfolio anyway). If the nature of the inability to lead is more serious, it can be decided that the person serving as First Minister will leave the CoM entirely and that a new member will be accepted in the CoM (but not necessarily as FM).

More information can be found here.

[Felsigberg]

Speaker of the Parliament takes control until the Prime Minister can return

[Estado Castilano]

Should the Chief of State be temporarily unable to perform his duties, the Deputy Chief of State assumes his responsibilities.

[The Democratic Nation of Unovia]

Vice President takes over, serving as President until the President is able to lead.

[-Emmeria]

This is the purported purpose of the Vice Presidency.

[Dictoriahon]

We put a person with a brain chip undeniable loyalty in the seat of Supreme Leader. Easy!

[Coconut Palm Island]

If the Monarch (currently King Alexander) is unable to lead temporarily, the chain of succession is as follows:

1) The Senate President is first in the line of succession.
2) The Royal Court Chief Justice is second in line, if the Senate President and King are both unable.
3) If the King, Senate President, and Chief Justice are all somehow unable to serve, the Senator with the longest overall time served in the Senate will take over. If there is a tie, than the tying Senators will all draw straws to see who will serve as executive.

However, in a temporary emergency, the replacement is does NOT receive a coronation and is not a Monarch. Instead, he/she becomes the "Interim Executive". While the Interim Executive technically has most of the Monarch's powers, they traditionally do very little, while the Monarch recovers (or spends a few days on vacation). Also, in the Monarch's absence, the Senate tends to work together on the important issues, passing 3/4's majority (veto-proof) legislation so the Interim Executive doesn't need to do anything.

Note that if the Monarch dies, resigns, or is impeached by the Senate, the Senate will appoint a new Monarch in a process totally different than the temporary process.

[Neoliberal EcoFashionists]

That is impossible, Generalissima is by logical definition a being which can lead my glorious nation in any thinkable time interval! She is, metaphysically speaking, an absolute entity! Or at least is what my people are teach to believe...

[Deuderland]

If the Federal Chancellor is temporarily incapacitated, the Vice Chancellor will assume duties as acting chancellor until the Federal Chancellor is able to resume their duties.

The Line of succession is as follows:
1) The Vice Chancellor
2) The Secretary of Foreign Affairs
3) The President of the National Assembly
4) The Secretary of Internal Affairs
5) The Secretary of National Defense

It is to be noted that in certain government makeups, the Vice Chancellor also assumed the office of Foreign Affairs, therefore making the President of the National Assembly next in line after the Vice Chancellor.

[The Underestimated Ones]

If our leader is temporarily unable to lead, his clone will simply replace him for the time being

[Merni]

The only real 'head' of Merni is the Emperor, the head of state, who has only a ceremonial function, so no replacement is generally needed. However, legally and formally, the Speaker of Parliament is authorised to take his place at important ceremonial occasions.

General executive decisions are taken by the Imperial Council, which is equivalent to a Cabinet, containing (currently) 15 ministers called Chancellors, each the head of his/her own chancellery (ministry). If a Chancellor is unable, the Deputy Chancellor (typically a civil servant nominated by the Chancellor) is authorised to make decisions and take part in meetings of the Imprrial Council.

[Antarctica 3]

In the event that either Huma Lead Minister Gerald Bay, Pengui Lead Administrator Dylan, or Seal Ambassador Tory is temporarily (or permanently) unable to lead their provinces, the loser of the last election for either position will take power. If they are unable to lead as well, the other Ministers/Administrators will share equal power. In the extremely unlikely event that all of them are unable to lead Antarctica 3, previously-hidden voting stations will pop-up all over the country, and the entire internet will be redirected to a temporary web page explaining the situation. Citizens will be able to volunteer for positions of government, and replace the entire cabinet until the previous government is fit to lead again (if they are even able to lead.)

The last condition has never happened, but it's widely assumed that if it were to be in effect, the country would already be 100% screwed.

[Fishy Apples]

If the head of state, typically the queen, is incapacitated (but not slain), then the next one with legal authority to rule until they recover is their spouse, if applicable. If the spouse was slain by the same calamity that left the monarch unable to rule, they perish sometime shortly after the incident, or there never was a spouse, then next in line is our nation's freely elected prime minister, followed by the deputy prime minister.
If after this both the prime minister and deputy prime minister also fall before the monarch recovers, then The Seeds' Blossom (equal to the Speaker of the House) is next in line, followed by the Grand Duke/Duchess of The Dunes.
After those leaders of The Gala, next in line to temporarily lead until our monarch can get back on their feet or fins (depending on species), then the Apple Blossom Princess (the firstborn princess) would come next. From that point on the standard Fishy Apples rules of royal succession apply, giving priority to female royals, though if it did get down this far in the chain something serious has gone awry.

[Almurta]

If the President is temporarily unable to discharge their lawful duties, then in keeping with the presidential system we operate under, the Vice-President is legally installed as Acting President until the President is once more able to serve.

[Republica Federal de Catalunya]

If the Head of State (the President) in our Republic is a semipresidential system. In our although is a basically a cerimonial role.
The government tasks are normally done by the Prime Minister in cooperation with the Prime Minister, but also can be fiscalized by the Government.

But, if the President is unable is temporally unable to lead the Head of the Parliament can take the Role of the President temporally up to 30 days, without a Constitutional problem.
If The Head of State is unable to lead. the Head of Government will be interim made head of State untill the new election. He or She will resign and choose a new Prime minister.