Nation Name: The Republic of Akashi (
Akashi kyōwakoku, 明石共和国)
Form of Government: Federal democratic republic
National Leader(s): President Nancy Lean (head of state), Prime Minister
Kōko Kaga (head of government)
Population (Please remember our realism guidelines): 10.032.864
Estimated GDP: $260.603.642.400 ($25.975 GDP/capita, PPP)
Description of National Culture: A previously bicultural Anglo-Kirisakian country, that has since adapted to a more cosmopolitan, multicultural approach. (RL equivalent, more or less Canada.)
Alternately, I am considering trying for a three-cultured country, somewhat like a cross between Canada and New Zealand, in that Akashi had a native population that was colonised by the Anglo and Kirisakian settlers later, but that under the Kirisakian period they had more rights and may have been a numerical minority but were still recognised as an important part of the country's society and culture. (Somewhat like how New Zealand's Maoris fared better in the long run in many ways than Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Islander Strait population. I found it interesting while reading somewhere, that Maoris are actually supporters of the constitutional monarchy because part of their special place in society rests upon the Treaty of Waitangi and that if New Zealand became a republic, they'd be just another population group within it.)
Climate and Geography: Tropical climate with two well-defined dry and humid seasons. Primarily flatland with some tropical rainforests, probably, and a few mountains around the border or so that'd be good for mineral deposits. Very extensive river system, good for irrigation and hydroelectricity.
I had this in mind as a territorial claim... National History: Due to several quirks and geographical factors, the territory of Akashi was not settled for a long time. When it was finally explored, late in history, it ended up settled by Anglican colonists, who saw it as an important strategic position to control for maritime purposes. They subsequently discovered Akashi's significant potential as a source of raw minerals.
Said strategic position also led to some other conflicts, potentially, over control of territory. (To be discussed with other players; can easily be dropped if it's a non-starter.) During a separate conflict, Kirisaki took advantage of the distraction on another front to seize control of Akashi. They even gave it its current name, in reference to its mineral wealth. (It translates to English as "sparkling jewel".)
Akashi's period as a Kirisakian colony lasted several decades and brought benefits to the country due to Kirisakians' moderate administration, but it also provoked a rift between Anglo and Kirisakian communities (especially the "recalcitrants", more extremist Anglos who resisted Kirisakian subjugation). On 1 January 1910, Akashi became independent. Early optimism quickly gave way to severe difficulties; Akashi was beset by domestic issues - arguments between its two main populations over how the country would be governed, economic inequality, and so on. Foreign meddling helped destabilise it to an extent, likely from countries that saw an opportunity to gain a foothold in southern Carpathia, an opportunity to spite Kirisaki, or an opportunity to extract minerals for themselves. (Take your pick.) [RL references: the Democratic Republic of the Congo's collapse between 1960-1965. Except minus being replaced by Mobutu.]
Civil war broke out in 1935, lasting for five years total. The dark horse victor turned out to be the National Renewal Movement faction, led by one Juliana Eberhard.
Juliana Eberhard went on to serve as Prime Minister of Akashi between 1940 and 1970, and as President between 1970 and her death in 1982. (Link includes WIP sections and drafts at the end of screenshot, to give an idea of the direction I'm aiming in. Hope nobody minds.) Suffice to say, there is no underestimating her influence in the country's historical journey. Her famous quip that "Every Akashian is, has been, or will be an Eberhardist." is less of an exaggeration and more of a statement of fact.
As a brief outline of her achievements, her tenure saw the use of Akashi's significant mineral reserves to finance an ambitious and mostly successful program of import-substitution industrialisation and development. Between 1940 and 1970, Akashi transformed from a virtual backwater to a virtual powerhouse. She also enabled it to have a higher regional profile than otherwise expected for the country, due to her distinctive personality, and passing socially liberal and progressive legislation that was quite radical at the time. At the time of her death, she bequeathed Akashi a modern and prosperous industrialised economy, strong democratic foundations, a distinctive national identity and a sense of pride, a liberalised progressive society, one of the most extensive and well-funded safety nets in Carpathia (at least), and the fruits of a lavish modernisation programme that included extravagant artistic and architectural projects.
Unfortunately, the system she constructed, while democratic, turned out to rely too much on her being at the centre. Following her death, the cost of her politics of prestige could be reassessed more dispassionately. Several of the industries set up under her rule turned out to be unsustainable white elephants, swallowing too much in subsidies. Her grand architectural projects at least succeeded in attracting more tourism to Akashi. The system's political contradictions, previously papered over by Juliana, came to the fore unmistakeably. Import-substitution industrialisation, vital in the past, increasingly became obsolete for Akashi's economic needs.
The strain produced a difficult decade in the 1980s, dominated by economic and, most importantly, constitutional reform. The long process ultimately culminated in a sweeping reorganisation of politics, acknowledging the inescapable reality, that a system centred around Juliana Eberhard could not exist without a Juliana Eberhard. Akashi became a more conventional parliamentary democracy. The powers of the president were abolished and the post reduced to being a symbolic head of state. The previous dominance of Juliana's National Union (NU) party gave way to a more equitable multiparty system. The previous pure proportional representation electoral system, working just fine when the NU routinely captured over 50% of the vote in elections, was scrapped after a difficult election in 1983 produced a hung parliament, and replaced with a mixed-member proportional system, with 200 assemblymembers elected through instant-runoff voting in constituencies and 200 chosen by proportional representation nationwide. Several reforms were undertaken in the decade to reduce subsidies to unsustainable industries and rebalance the economy. However, the worst ravages of neoliberalism were avoided. Akashi managed to make it into the 1990s, while retaining its mixed economy and national ownership of mineral resources and significant industries. The atmosphere of overambition for the sake of overambition from the past was replaced by a more sober-minded acceptance of limits.
Currently, Akashi retains some of its luster as a prosperous success story, but as a nation it has moved on from the hangover that followed the end of Juliana's rule. It has accepted that it will not again be able to experience the unique combination of strong-willed, larger-than-life leader and good alignment of historical factors that had allowed it to strut so confidently on the world stage. These days, it has more modest ambitions, and prefers to focus on continued socioeconomic progress at home, and doing its part to build a better world through international cooperation and institutions like Esperance International.
Description of National Economy (Major sectors, development, etc.): The foundations of Akashi's economy in the past lied in the primary sector. Akashi has rich reserves of precious metals (gold, silver, diamonds); cobalt and copper can also be mined. Agriculture is divided between domestic production, sufficient to meet the country's needs (maize, rice, sorghum, cassava, plantain), and cash crops (sugarcane, tea, coffee, cocoa, rubber, palm oil). Its rainforests have allowed the growth of a strongly-regulated timber industry, and its plentiful rivers have been a boon to hydroelectricity generation.
Under Juliana, Akashi rocketed past simple farming and mining to develop a vast industrial sector. Her pursuit of self-sufficiency and prestige led to an emphasis on making sure that Akashi's economy contained every type of industry in existence. Such an ambitious program undoubtedly failed to take into account that Akashi would not have the foundation capable of sustaining particular, heavier industries. Attempts to subsidise the growth of aerospace manufacturing and a petroleum industry, for instance, looked very impressive at the time, but turned out to be expensive white elephants in subsequent decades. (Preferably working this out with Aurin; I have to confess I kinda like the idea of Akashi being an aerospace manufacturer, while recognising that it's a huge gamble.) Regardless, the scale of the achievement cannot be minimised, as many of the industries established and subsidised, ended up bearing fruit and becoming mainstays of the Akashian economy: mineral industry, chemical industry, plastics, energy, electronics, jewelry and luxury goods, textiles, food processing, rubber manufacturing, pulp and paper industry, and wood production, to name a few.
Since the 1980s, Akashi's economy has inevitably moved towards being primarily service-oriented, though it must be noted that Akashi's industrial sector still remains an important component of its economy and has not declined severely. Its leading role has simply been usurped by the tertiary sector. Entertainment and creative industries, information technology, telecommunications, financial services, professional services, real estate, retail sales, transportation, and the hospitality industry, are among some of the services that mark the new economic landscape. Tourism is also an important part of Akashi's economy, and has been for a long time; the combination of its social libertarianism, the vivid natural landscape, and the heritage of the ambitious building programmes of the past, all combine to represent major tourist attractions.
Akashi's currency is the minrin (民厘), which translates as "people's currency", since 1941. It is represented with the symbol "㋯", which is a katakana "mi" in a circle. The minrin is divided into 100 minsen (民千), but this subunit is largely unused and out of circulation. The minrin would be one of Pericles' weaker but stable currencies, similar to the RL yen - floating between $1 = 100-200 minrins.
Description of National Military (Please remember our realism guidelines): 75.816 active personnel, 101.779 reserve personnel
The purpose of Akashi's armed forces is to both defend Akashi from any external threats, though it also has a role in humanitarian assistance. In practice, the military also takes up domestic social responsibilities, having been involved in campaigns and efforts to combat poverty, illiteracy, poor health, deficient sanitation, and similar ills, for decades. Many of Akashi's veterans go on to serve in Esperance International's Peacekeeping Corps after their service is done.
Description of Geopolitical Role: More or less
Second-rate Peer. Akashi is a small, prosperous and compassionate nation, that for a few decades in the past was able to punch far above its weight on the world stage due to a combination of fluke factors. After a period of self-doubt and hand-wringing over "decline", it has adjusted to reality and adopted a more modest outlook, realising that those factors will not be replicated ever again. It remains a contributor to Esperance International's Peacekeeping Corps, and provides humanitarian aid and assistance, as a way of contributing to improving the world however and wherever it can.
Roleplaying Example or Link (Please provide at least three paragraphs): (I'm the player behind
Gylias.)
Notes and Questions: - Sorry about the WIP-ness of the application so far; I hope the gaps to be filled aren't too glaring.
- I plan on using both anime and RL images to represent my characters. Just thought I had to disclaimer that in case it makes a difference.
Some additional parts I've worked out related to Akashi's politics so far:
Current parties in the National AssemblySocialist Party (社会党
Shakai-tō) - broadly old-school centre-leftists, somewhat based on the Nordic model tradition. RL equivalent: roughly the Swedish Social Democratic Party under Tage Erlander and Olof Palme, or UK's Labour under Clement Attlee and Harold Wilson. Currently in office in coalition with the NU, with Kōko Kaga as Prime Minister. Can and do seek case-by-case support from the Progressives and Greens.
Progressive Party (進歩党
Shimpo-tō) - leftist party, more to the left than the Socialists but still with enough common ground to cooperate. Formed in 1967 out of a merger of the former Communist Party (共産党
Kyōsan-tō), Workers' Party (労働党
Rōdō-tō), Farmers' Party (農民党
Nōmin-tō) and Christian Social Party (primarily English-language religious leftists). Shifted to a more New Leftist stance in the 1970s. RL equivalent: probably Jim Anderton's NewLabour/Alliance/Progressives in New Zealand, or Vänsterpartiet/The Left Party in Sweden.
Green Party (緑の党
Midori no Tō) - leftists and greens. Likely self-explanatory. Grew out of the Rainbow and Greens (虹と緑
Niji to Midori) organisation formed in 1971, first contested the 1976 election as the Sunflower Party (向日葵党
Himawari-tō) before changing their name to the Green Party in 1980 after absorbing the Sea Party and part of the Agrarian Party.
National Union (全国同盟
Zenkoku Dōmei) - centrists, Akashi-equivalent Gaullists focusing on defending Juliana Eberhard's legacy and advancing her policies. Used to be the dominant party of the National Assembly between 1943 and 1973, when they lost their majority, and then a few years later they lost their status as the largest party in the Assembly to the Socialists. Their fortunes mirror that of Akashi in a way: they're no longer a major-league dominant party, but they still reliably place third or fourth in elections, and thus hold enough seats to make them an important kingmaker. Due to the quirks of Juliana's policy directions, they find it easier to cooperate with the Socialists than right-wing parties, even though in rhetoric and practice they are still quite nationalistic.
Liberal Party (自由党
Jiyū-tō) - centrist liberals/ordoliberals. Socially liberal, undoubtedly. Economically aim for a social market economy - they believe the market is an important part of the economy but recognise that the state is an important partner as well. RL equivalent: probably Germany's FDP when it was in coalition with the SPD, or the UK's Lib Dems when they were led by Charles Kennedy. Formed out of a merger of the former Reform Party (改革党
Kaikaku-tō) and Free Society (自由会
Jiyūkai) in 1941.
Moderate People's Party (穏健国民党
Onken Kokumin-tō) - centre-right. Formed in 1990 by former Prime Minister Ran Tsukuda and moderate members who split off or were expelled from the Conservative Party. Currently the major right-wing party in Akashi. It is a Red Tory/one-nation conservative party that takes a moderate course, accepting the welfare state built by Juliana and the state's role in regulating and intervening in the economy, justifying these from a civic nationalist standpoint of defending Akashian communities from the ravages of inequality and uncontrolled free-market economics. It argues that the market should play a stronger role in the economy, and seeks a "balance" between the public and private sector that will bring most benefit to all Akashians. RL equivalents, Canada's
Red Tories, and the UK's
"wets", particularly Ian Gilmour.
United Reform Party (連合改革党
Rengō Kaikaku-tō) - centre-right. Formed in 1996 by a merger of the Reform Association and United Akashi. Fiscal conservatives and market-friendly economically, advocating lower taxes, spending, free trade and deregulation, and liberal socially, supporting market-based and private sector programs to encourage growth and development, poverty reduction, and equality of opportunity. Supporters of "socially responsible capitalism". RL equivalents: if
Jack Kemp had a party, more or less.
Democratic Party (民主党
Minshu-tō) - centre-right, classical liberals. In favour of deregulation, promotion of free markets, reduction of taxation and spending, balanced budgets, less government interference in the economy, public-private partnerships, and a greater private sector component in healthcare, welfare and education. Split off from Liberal Party in 1954 due to dissatisfaction with the party participating in a coalition government with the National Union between 1951-1955.
Conservative Party (保守党
Hoshū-tō) - minor party. right-wing. Formerly the major right-wing party in Akashi, notably having jettisoned all of their socially conservative tenets to stop getting trounced at the polls. Had a successful tenure in office under Ran Tsukuda, but suffered from internal rifts between moderate members and more New Right members. The rift exploded into the open when Ran Tsukuda was forced out of office by Yua Honda's backroom coup, and Honda attempted to consolidate her hold on office by expelling Ran and several moderate members who challenged her authority. It went into a meltdown at the 1991 election and has remained a minor presence in Akashian politics since. It began as a socially conservative right-wing party, underwent a moderation and modernisation under Ran, morphing into a big tent centre-right party in the 1980s, then drifted to the right from 1989 onwards with the addition of economic neoliberalism. Currently a right-wing populist party. Formed in 1941 by former members of the Constitutional National Party (立憲国民党
Rikken Kokumin-tō), in opposition to the National Union.
Freedom League (自由連合
Jiyū Rengō) - minor party. right-wing. Free-market worshippers and Randroids. RL equivalent: ACT New Zealand. Founded in 1974.
New Akashi Party (明新党
Akashin-tō) - minor party. Radical centrists, populists, fiscal conservatives + social liberals, economically protectionist, anti-free trade.
Future Party (未来党
Mirai-tō) - minor party. Techno-progressives/cornucopians/bright green environmentalists. Pro-direct democracy, pro-open access, content and data, transparency activists, pro-information privacy and freedom of information. In favour of greater funding and research in science and technology, a green economy, and smart cities. RL equivalent: the
Future Party (yeah, basically stole them) and the Pirate Party in Sweden and Iceland.
Parties outside of the National Assembly (possibly strong at the regional level)
Local Parties Federation (現地党連盟
Genchi-tō Renmei) - localism, decentralisation.
Justice Party (正義党
Seigi-tō) - centrists.
Defunct partiesState of Akashi (1910-1940)
Akashi Independence Party (明石独立党
Akashi Dokuritsu-tō) - disbanded during the Civil War. Membership scattered.
Constitutional National Party (立憲国民党
Rikken Kokumin-tō) - disbanded during the Civil War. Some former members founded the Conservative Party afterwards as a hardline right-wing opposition to the National Union.
Representation Party - largely an Anglican representation/nationalist party, similar to the Bloc Québecois. Thorn in the side of several governments before the Civil War. Disbanded during the Civil War.
Republic of Akashi (1940-present)
Reform Party (改革党
Kaikaku-tō) - merged into the Liberal Party in 1941.
Free Society (自由会
Jiyūkai) - merged into the Liberal Party in 1941.
Communist Party (共産党
Kyōsan-tō) - merged into the Progressive Party in 1967.
Workers' Party (労働党
Rōdō-tō) - merged into the Progressive Party in 1967.
Farmers' Party (農民党
Nōmin-tō) - merged into the Progressive Party in 1967.
Christian Social Party - merged into the Progressive Party in 1967. Primarily English-speaking Christian leftists.
Tax Cuts Party (減税党
Genzei-tō) - minor presence in Assembly between 1970-1983; merged into the Freedom League prior to 1983 election.
Agrarian Party (農業党
Nōgyō-tō) - agrarians, regionalists, primarily concerned with issues related to agriculture and rural areas. Founded in 1945 as a right-wing alternative to the more leftist Farmers' Party. Mostly centrist/conservative, with some leftist elements such as corporatism/producerism, support of voluntary cooperative farming, opposition to large agribusiness companies and favouritism towards small and family farming. Picked up a tinge of concern for the environment later on. In Assembly between 1970-1978, by which time the split between its conservative and leftist angles became impossible to bridge. Disbanded in 1978, with the leftist faction merging with the Sunflower Party, while the rightists joined the Conservative Party.
Sea Party (海党
Umi-tō) - agrarian-centrists, primarily focused on issues concerning fishing, fishers, and residents on Akashi's coast. Picked up a stronger element of environmentalism in the 1960s, making them one of the forerunners of environmental politics in Akashi, albeit framed from their perspective of concern with fishers' livelihoods. Merged with the Sunflower Party in 1980, on which occasion it changed its name to the Green Party.
Social Credit Party (社会信用党
Shakai Shin'yō-tō) -
social credit advocates, without the anti-Semitism. Founded 1930, disbanded 2005.
New Democracy Party (新民主主義党
Shin Minshushugi-tō) - conservative populists. Merged with the Conservative Party in 1990, to controversy; detractors/opponents saw it as a way for Yua Honda to marginalise the Ran-supporting moderates and assert her control over the party. Several moderates who defected to the Moderate People's Party cited the merger as "the straw that broke the camel's back".
United Left (統一左翼
Tōitsu Sayoku) - far-left/anarcho-communist coalition in existence between 1940 and 2000.
National Party (国民党
Kokumin-tō) - economically nationalist, protectionist, anti-free trade party founded during the economic reforms of the 1980s. Merged with the Moderate People's Party in 1990.
New Reform Party (新党改革
Shin-tō Kaikaku) - neoliberals. Merged with the Freedom League in 1984 after the adoption of the mixed-member proportional system.
Democratic Socialist Party (民主社会党
Minshu Shakai-tō) - breakaway from the Socialist Party in 1979, due to its members' dissatisfaction with Carol Williams' handling of Akashi's economic difficulties. Won their most seats in 1983. Faded away afterwards, reduced to only one seat in 1987. Merged with the Progressive Party in 1988.
Free Radical Party (自由急進党
Jiyū kyūshin-tō) - grassroots party, decentralisers, techno-progressives. Merged into the Future Party.
New Frontier Party (新境界党
Shin Kyōkai-tō) - E-democracy, affordable internet for all, STEM education, techno-progressivism, anti-neoliberal, anti-
Californian Ideology stance. Merged into the Future Party.
Humanist Party (人文主義党
Jinbunshugi-tō) -
humanists. Merged into the Future Party.
Fair Government Party (公明党
Kōmei-tō) - centre-leftists. Merged into the Future Party.
Communist Refoundation Party (共産主義再建党
Kyōsanshugi Saiken-tō) - communists, remnant of the Communist Party that didn't merge into the Progressive Party. Merged into the United Left in 1978.
United Akashi (明石連合
Akashi Rengō) - national conservatives. Merged with the Reform Association in 1996, forming the United Reform Party.
Vision Party (展望党
Tenbō-tō) - liberal conservatives. Merged with the Moderate People's Party in 1990.
Reform Association (改革協会
Kaikaku kyōkai) - centre-right, liberal conservative, economic and social liberals. Founded by former Prime Minister Yua Honda in 1992 in the midst of the Conservative Party's turmoil, when she left with some supporters after a clash with what she saw as an increasingly radical faction. Meant to occupy a "middle ground" between the MPP and CP, advocating market-based solutions for poverty, inequality, and other social ills, influenced by Ran's vision of the "decent society". Merged with United Akashi in 1996, forming the United Reform Party.
Akashi National Front (国民戦線
Kokumin Sensen) - far-rightists. Destroyed by repeated prosecution for violating anti-discrimination laws, hate crime laws, and being found by the Supreme Court to be anti-constitutional.
Timing of electionsParliamentaryAkashi Diet----(
first-past-the-post )----
1910
1914
1916
1919
1923
1926
1930
1933
[civil war, 1935-1940]
Akashi National Assembly----(
proportional representation, 5% threshold )----
(size: 200 members)1943 - NU majority (#2 LP #3 SP)
1947 - NU majority (#2 LP #3 SP)
1951 - NU majority (#2 LP #3 SP #4 CP)
1955 - NU majority (#2 SP #3 LP #4 DP #5 Conservative)
1959 - NU majority (#2 SP #3 LP #4 DP #5 Conservative #6 Communists)
1963 - NU majority (#2 SP #3 LP #4 DP #5 Communists #6 Conservative)
1967 - NU majority (#2 SP #3 LP #4 PP #5 DP #6 CP [Conservatives])
----(
proportional representation, no threshold )----
1970 - NU majority of 2 (#2 SP etc.)
1973 - NU plurality (#2 SP etc.)
1976 - SP plurality (#2 NU etc.)
1979 - SP plurality (#2 CP etc.)
1983 - hung parliament
----(
mixed-member proportional, 3% threshold )----
(size: 400 members; 200 PR + 200 IRV)1985 - CP plurality (#2 SP etc.)
1987 - CP plurality (#2 SP etc.) [CP wins 200 seats, one short of a one-seat majority by itself.]
1991 - SP plurality (#2 LP #3 MPP etc.)
1994 - SP plurality (#2 MPP #3 LP etc.)
1999 - hung parliament
(size: 500 members; 200 PR + 300 IRV)2000 - MPP plurality
2003 - MPP plurality
2007 - MPP plurality
2011 - SP plurality
2015 - SP majority
Presidential (
two-round system)
1942
Winner: Juliana Eberhard (
no runoff)
1948
Winner: Juliana Eberhard (
no runoff)
1954
Winner: Juliana Eberhard (
no runoff)
1960
Winner: Juliana Eberhard (
no runoff)
1966
Winner: Juliana Eberhard (
no runoff)
1970
Winner: Juliana Eberhard (
no runoff)
1976
Winner: Juliana Eberhard (
no runoff)
1982 (March)
Winner: Juliana Eberhard (
no runoff; narrow majority of over 50% of the vote)
[Juliana dies in office, 16 September 1982. Jan Ney becomes interim president. Second election called in October to fill Juliana's unexpired term.]
1982 (October)
Winner: Takeo Suzuki (
runoff)
1988
Winner: Richard Sparkes (
runoff)
1994
Winner: Keiko Moto (
runoff)
2000
Winner: Keiko Moto (
no runoff)
2006
Winner: Natsumi Kimura (
runoff)
2012
Winner: Nancy Lean (
runoff)
Rough head of government timeline ideas1910-1916:
Takahiro Akiyama (AIP)
1916-1923:
Masaru Yamada (CNP)
1923-1930:
Jim Smith (AIP)
1930-1933:
Kiyoshi Yamaguchi (RP) [RP-FS coalition; first coalition government in Akashi's history]
1933-1934:
Peter Rogers (AIP)
1934-1940:
Yoshi Hashimoto (CNP)
[1935-1940: Akashian Civil War]
4 April 1940 - 16 May 1970:
Juliana Eberhard (NU) [variously led either NU-only governments or NU-SP coalitions as the other parties gained prominence] {exactly 11.000 days as PM; longest-serving head of government in Akashi, and possibly Pericles too}
16 May 1970 - 13 January 1975:
Naoki Yamauchi (NU) [NU-SP coalition government; the 1970 election reduced the NU to a 2-seat majority in the Assembly and then in 1973 it lost it outright, though it remained the largest party in the Assembly, narrowly]
13 January 1975 - 8 October 1979:
Carol Williams (SP) [NU-SP coalition government; replaced Yamauchi after the SP demanded his resignation in order to continue the coalition after an internal split over a policy issue; SP-NU coalition after 1976 election]
8 October 1979 - 21 February 1982:
Yuri Kita (SP) [SP-NU coalition with confidence and supply from PP]
21 February 1982 - 19 December 1983:
Felix Delanoë (SP) [SP-NU coalition, and continued as caretaker after 1983 election until December 1983]
19 December 1983 - 3 March 1984:
Peter Cartwright (DP) [DP-FL coalition minority, with some support from CP until Ran Tsukuda beomes its leader]
3 March 1984 - 5 June 1984:
Malcolm Norman (LP) [CP-LP coalition]
5 June 1984 - 25 December 1989:
Ran Tsukuda (CP) [CP minority with parliamentary support from LP and DP, and
Tallaght Strategy-like abstention and support from the NU on matters of economic and constitutional reform as long as they didn't conflict with Eberhardist sacred cows]
25 December 1989 - 1 February 1991:
Yua Honda (CP) [CP-FL-DP coalition]
1 February 1991 - 21 September 2000:
Marcia Edwards (SP) [SP-NU coalition with parliamentary support from PP and GP]
21 September 2000 - 21 September 2004:
Ran Tsukuda (MPP) [MPP-LP coalition]
21 September 2004 - 27 October 2009:
Gareth Dickinson (MPP) [MPP-LP coalition]
27 October 2009 - 28 February 2011:
Veronica Alvery (MPP) [MPP-LP coalition]
28 February 2011 - present:
Kōko Kaga (SP) [SP-NU coalition with parliamentary support from PP and GP]
Rough heads of state timeline ideas[before 1940: the monarch of Kirisaki]
4 April 1940 - 16 September 1982:
Juliana Eberhard (NU) {15.506 days total as President; longest-serving head of state in Akashi and possibly longest-serving democratically elected head of state in Pericles.}
16 September 1982 - 21 October 1982:
Jan Ney (independent) [interim]
21 October 1982 - 1 April 1988:
Takeo Suzuki (LP)
1 April 1988 - 1 April 1994:
Richard Sparkes (CP)
1 April 1994 - 1 April 2006:
Keiko Moto (SP)
1 April 2006 - 1 April 2012:
Natsumi Kimura (MPP)
1 April 2012 - present:
Nancy Lean (NU)
Additional charactersPossibly Ayane Satō, Juliana Eberhard's finance minister.Akashi's richest businesswoman.Media outletsTelevision/radioAkashi Kōkyō Hōsō (明石 公共 放送, Akashian Public Broadcasting Service)
NewspapersThe Portsmouth PostThe Akashi TimesShinbun Atsuhoshi (新聞 朝星, "Newspaper Morning Star")
Today! (今日!
Kyō!)
Hirakawa Mainichi ("Hirakawa Daily")
Dokuritsukoku (独立国, "Independent State")
Keizaigaku Hōkoku (経済学 報告 "Economics Report")
Atarashii Jisei (新しい 時勢 "New Times")
The CitizenHōdō no Jiyū (報道 の自由 "Freedom of the Press")
Zaisansshi (財産っし "Fortune Magazine")
Please list any active alts or puppets you may control: Gylias. I also have another FanT puppet that isn't yet active,
The Kingdom of Erathia.
Have you ever controlled a nation that was deleted for poor conduct: No.
Have you read and understood the guidelines on our OP: Yes.