Factbook of the Commonwealth of Norvenia

[Norvenia]

Factbook of the Commonwealth of Norvenia

Maps

[Norvenia]

History

Settled from 1815 to 1835 by Puritans, Quakers, and Anglicans from the early United States who left to create a more just and godly society. Engaged in bloody and protracted wars with the aboriginal inhabitants of Norvenia from 1815 to 1910. The Norvenian Reformed Apostolic Church, a fusion of Puritanism, Quakerism, and Anglicanism, was established in 1820. Norvenia was religiously ruled by the Kirk, a kind of decentralized direct democracy in which all adult members of the Norvenian Reformed Apostolic Church voted on all issues, until 1867. In 1867, the Kirk passed a constitutional referendum to dissolve itself and set up a secular representative democracy based on that used in the United States.

By 1880 the coastal plain and the Basin of Astor were solidly in the hands of the Norvenian settlers, while the aborigines were forced into the mountains and the offshore islands. With their control over the country clearly assured, Norvenia found itself a rapidly growing economic powerhouse, courtesy of rich farmland, untouched forests, and fabulous mineral reserves in the mountains. The population exploded, and many Norvenians began to look abroad for their future, beginning a period of colonization that would see much of the Pacific - most notably Kalumba - brought under Norvenian control. Economic and diplomatic ties with the United States sprang up and soon became very strong, and the coastal plain became the site of intensive agriculture and mass-production industry, especially around Zion City.

In World War One, Norvenia took no part. Shortly afterwards, however, a brief but vicious war with Japan broke out from 1920 to 1922, called the Empire War. Norvenia successfully defended its overseas possessions in the Pacific, but the confrontation with Japan ended any further Norvenian expansion.

The Great Depression hit Norvenia especially badly because of its close ties to the United States. Unemployment soared, a savage drought left farmers desperate for aid, and spontaneous revolts broke out in many of Norvenia's Pacific possessions. In response to this crisis, the Norvenian people elected James Edwards as Chancellor. Edwards was a Norvenian Reformed Apostolic bishop who had been a prominant leader in the early Norvenian labor union movement. He pioneered the ideals of Christian Socialism that would guide Norvenia from that time forward. Edwards used government regulation, public works projects, and reform legislation to rebuild the Norvenian economy, winning public support for his radical proposals with a potent rhetoric of self-sacrifice and love for one's neighbor whose deep Christian roots struck a chord with Norvenians, calling upon them to remember and honor their nation's origins. As a result, the Norvenian economy recovered faster than any other on earth, reaching pre-Depression levels by 1937.

In 1941, hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japan launched a full-scale invasion of Norvenia, destroying the Norvenian First and Fifth Fleets, bombing Salem, Calvin, and Point Brotherhood almost to destruction, and landing fifty thousand soldiers on the eastern coast of Norvenia. Norvenian troops withdrew to the mountains and held them against all odds for almost a year. Frustrated by their inability to storm the passes, the Japanese attempted to march around the northern end of the island instead. But they were caught in the trackless depths of the Great North Wood in the killing cold of the Norvenian winter, and Norvenian forces smashed them to pieces in carefully prepared ambushes. From mid-1943 to 1945, Norvenian troops began their own island-hopping campaign across the North Pacific to invade Japan from the north. But before this plan could be completed, the United States dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki and Japan surrendered.

After the war, James Edwards' Christian Socialist Party began a dedicated campaign to call Norvenia back to its moral and religious roots. Large corporations were nationalized, broken up, or strictly regulated; small businesses received financial support. One of the world's first single-payer public health care systems was created; welfare programs assured every citizen "three meals a day, a house, a doctor, and a job."

But the Christian Socialists' efforts to regulate public morality were undercut by the increasingly liberal attitudes of the Norvenian Reformed Apostolic Church itself, which in 1955 voiced its approval of homosexual relationships and began consecrating gay marraiges. The government's political liberalism and the Church's social liberalism meant that the unrest of the 1960s never really touched Norvenia; the country was already mostly as student activists wished it was.

Throughout the Cold War, Norvenia supported the US, its oldest ally, against the Soviet Union; it even dispatched a contingent of troops to Vietnam. But its strong Socialist leaning made it a natural go-between for the Great Powers, and many US-Soviet summits were held in Astor-of-Stone.

From the 1950s to the 1970s, the Christian Socialist government granted independance to most of Norvenia's overseas possessions - including Kalumba - on the grounds that it was unjust and unchristian to hold other peoples subject. This prompted a major reevaluation of Norvenian history, which concluded that from 1880 to 1930 the nation had lost sight of the religious ideals on which it had been founded, becoming just another imperial power rather than a model of Christian charity.

In the 1970s, Norvenia relaxed its immigration policies and witnessed a flood of immigrants from East and Southeast Asia, meaningfully altering the cultural and ethnic makeup of the country.

In the 1980s, it became clear that while Christian Socialist rule had helped most Norvenians, it had also stagnated the Norvenian economy, and the center-right Prosperity Party became increasingly powerful - at one point it controlled both the Assembly and the Chancellorship for a period of four years. But the Prosperity Party's efforts to roll back the Christian Socialists' welfare programs angered the many who depended on them. In 1992, the Norvenian public handed the Christian Socialists a stunning victory, and they have remained the dominant - though not unchallenged - force in Norvenian politics ever since.

In 2011, Chancellor Gwillem Thomas's Christian Socialist administration announced the adoption of the O'Donnel Doctrine, which denies the sovereignty of any government that violates human rights and permits foreign intervention in such nations. This immediately caused military intervention in Aryas regime - with unclear results - and a still-ongoing peacekeeping mission in Sremski Okrug. This suggests that in the future, in order to uphold its most important values, Norvenia will have to become an ever-stronger military power, both in the northern Pacific region and in the world at large.

In August 2011, the Commonwealth of Norvenia signed an alliance with the Armed Republic of Aquitayne. This treaty was immediately put to the test with the invasion of Aquitayne by the Powerful Collective of Underium. Norvenian military forces - especially naval forces from the Tenth Fleet - played an important role in winning the Battle of the Tyras Strait. But then Underium launched a stealth bomber attack that slipped through Norvenian air defenses and dropped massive quantities of very lethal Sarin gas on Zion City, killing more than a million Norvenians, overwhelmingly civilians. The attack, later known as "Death Saturday," was a massive cultural trauma for Norvenia. Almost all Norvenians lost a friend or a loved one; one in every 150 Norvenians was killed. The stories of tragedy and heroism from that day still resound with Norvenians everywhere. The Norvenian response was a flood of volunteers that created a fifteen-million strong reserve army - fully ten percent of the Norvenian population. The Norvenian government began all-out air bombardment of Underium, and launched nuclear missiles against key Underian targets - the only time in Norvenian history when weapons of mass destruction have been used in wartime. This, and the pressure of the many other allies of Norvenia and Aquitayne, led to the unconditional surrender of the Powerful Collective of Underium, and the end of one of the costliest and yet briefest conflicts in Norvenian history. Bloody but unbowed, Norvenia looks to the future in hope, still confident that its vision of truth and justice can be sustained in an unjust world.

[Norvenia]

Geography

Location: Surrounded on all sides by the northern Pacific Ocean, due west of Korea and due east of Canada

Geographic coordinates: 40 00 N, 180 00 W/E

Area:
total: 2,311,469 sq km
land: 2,080,322 sq km
water: 231,147 sq km

Area - comparative: About the size of Algeria

Land boundaries:
total: 0 km
border countries: None

Coastline: 17,824 km

Maritime claims:
territorial sea: 18 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

Climate:
Temperate and rainy summer, spring and fall in the coastal plain area; arid, cold and clear in the high mountains. Cool and dry in the Abacem Basin and along the eastern coast; sub-arctic above the 40th parallel. Very cold and snowy winters throughout.

Terrain: Broad, fertile coastal plain in south and west; taiga sub-arctic forest in north. Narrow, dry plain along the western coast. High mountains dominate the center of the country, enclosing the high farmland and lakes of the Abacem Basin. Coastal islands are rocky and inhospitable, except for Caritas, Sanctus, and the Trinities, which support agriculture.

Elevation Extremes:
Lowest point: Edwardstown Polder -36 m
Highest point: Mount Temple 5,982 m

Natural resources: coal, copper, lead, rare earth elements, uranium, gold, iron, mercury, nickel, silver, zinc, natural gas, timber

Land use:
arable land: 46.32%
permanent crops: 0.21%
other: 81.78%

Irrigated land: 137,000 sq km

Total renewable water resources: 1,011 cu km

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
total: 165 cu km/yr (13%/38%/49%)
per capita: 1,300 cu m/yr

Natural hazards: Earthquakes in the coastal plain; rockslides and mudslides near the mountains, especially in the Astor Basin; vulcanism in the high mountains; permafrost in certain areas of the north.

Environment - current issues: Air pollution resulting in acid rain in the coastal plain around Zion City; water pollution from runoff of pesticides and fertilizers.

Environment - international agreements:
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling.
signed, but not ratified: None of the selected agreements.

[Norvenia]

People

Population: 197,394,012

Age structure:
0-14 years: 16.9%
15-64 years: 66.8%
65 years and over: 16.3%

Median age:
total: 38.9 years
male: 37.6 years
female: 40.2 years

Population growth rate: 0.235%

Birth rate: 7.83 births/1,000 population (2011 est.)

Death rate: 7.02 deaths/1,000 population

Net migration rate: 6.18 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.)

Urbanization:
urban population: 47% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization:0.2% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Major cities - population: Wrenwatch 6.312 million; Long Beach 4.793 million; Zion City 4.217 million; Fastness 1.563 million; ASTOR-OF-STONE (capital) 436,000.

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.047 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female
total population: 1.02 male(s)/female

Infant mortality rate:
total: 2.06 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 2.09 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 2.03 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 82.37 years
male: 81.92 years
female: 82.93 years

Total fertility rate: 1.56 children born/woman

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.3%

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 390,000

HIV/AIDS - deaths: 4,000 (2009 est.)

Drinking water source:
improved:
urban: 100% of population
rural: 99% of population
total: 99.5% of population
unimproved:
urban: 0% of population
rural: 1% of population
total: 0.5% of population

Sanitation facility access:
improved:
urban: 100% of population
rural: 99% of population
total: 99.5% of population
unimproved:
urban: 0% of population
rural: 1% of population
total: 0.5% of population

Nationality:
noun: Norvenian(s)
adjective: Norvenian

Ethnic Groups: White 70.4%, Asian 15.2%, Aboriginal Norvenian 7.6%, Hispanic 5.9%, other 0.9%

Religions: Norvenian Reformed Apostolic 70.1%, Buddhist 13.1%, Roman Catholic 5.2%, Protestant (non-Norvenian Reformed Apostolic) 4.6%, Animist 4.3%, Jewish 1.7%, Muslim 0.6%, other 0.4%.

Native Languages: English 72.7%, Chinese 8.7%, Korean 6.5%, Aboriginal Norvenian Languages 5.1%, Japanese 3.4%, Spanish 3.2%, other 0.4%

Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 100%
male: 100%
female: 100%

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total: 18 years
male: 18 years
female: 18 years

Education expenditures: 10.5% of GDP

[Norvenia]

Government

Country name:
conventional long form: The Commonwealth of Norvenia
conventional short form: Norvenia

Government Type: Constitution-based republic; Christian Socialist political dominance.

Capital:
name: Astor-of-Stone
geographic coordinates: 39 83 N, 179 32 E

Administrative divisions: 6 Dioceses: Astor Basin, East Coast, Greater Abacem, Long Lake, North Wood, West Coast

Dependant areas: Apari Island, Barwon, Irawaru Island, Northern Tangaroa Islands

Independence: 15 March 1826 (Official formation of the Norvenian Reformed Apostolic Church and the Kirk); 3 September 1858 (recognized by the United States)

National holiday: Victory Day, 19 February (1943)

Constitution: 23 July 1867, effective 1 March 1868

Legal system: common law system based on English common law via the United States; judicial review of legislative acts

International law organization participation: accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction with reservations.

Suffrage: 21 years of age; universal

Executive branch:
chief of state: Chancellor Gwillem J. THOMAS (since 1 January 2003); note - the chancellor is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: Chancellor Gwillem J. THOMAS (since 1 January 2003)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the chancellor with Assembly approval
elections: chancellor elected directly by the people; chancellor serves a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 15 October 2008 (next to be held on 15 October 2014)
election results: Gwillem J. THOMAS elected chancellor; percent of popular vote - Gwillem J. THOMAS 61.4%, Marc L. RIBBENTROP 37.3%, other 1.3%;

Legislative branch: unicameral Assembly consists of 100 seats; members directly elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms; one-half elected every two years.
elections: last held 15 October 2010, next to be held 15 October 2012
election results: seats by party - Christian Socialist Party 63, Prosperity Party 35, independent 2

Judicial branch: High Court (five justices; nominated by the chancellor and confirmed with the advice and consent of the Assembly; appointed to serve twenty-year terms); Norvenian Courts of Appeal; Norvenian Diocesan Courts; Parish Courts

Political parties and leaders: Christian Socialist Party [Jacob PRIESTLY]; Prosperity Party [Margaret GLOVER]; Communist Party [Linda CHANG]; Native Sun Party [Jackson BLODWELL]

Political pressure groups: Norvenian Reformed Apostolic Church leaders; business groups; labor unions; environmentalists; ethnic groups; other churches

International organization participation: World Assembly

Flag description: within a gold border, there are three equal diagonal stripes, slanting away from the hoist, of black, white, and dark blue (from nearest to the hoist to furthest from the hoist); there is a torch within a wreath of laurels, all in gold, at the center of the flag and of the central white stripe. The black stands for sobriety, moral seriousness, sacrifice, and honor; the white stands for purity, truth, and rectitude of conduct; the blue stands for loyalty, devotion, justice, and friendship. The torch symbolizes the mission of Norvenia to call the world to a higher moral standard and purpose; the laurel wreath symbolizes the honor which is due to this noble cause, as does the golden color of the whole design and of the flag's border. Commonly referred to by its nickname of God's Battle Flag.

National anthem:
name: "Let the Torch Shine Forth"
lyrics/music: James Oliver THORNTON

[Norvenia]

Economy

Overview:
The Norvenian economy rests firmly on the traditional industries of agriculture, lumber, mining, fishing, and industrial production. As in most First-World countries, a highly educated workforce makes the service industry dominant overall, but the largest single industries remain the old ones.

With almost 50% of the country - including almost all the coastal plain and much of the Astor Basin - made up of arable land, Norvenia produces reliable surpluses of wheat, corn, soybeans, and other cash crops that form the basis for the national economy. Norvenia, like the United States and Russia, is a nation that "feeds the world." Increasing shortages of water, and issues of overcultivation and soil runoff, will have to be solved if this agricultural dominance is to continue, however.

Lumber has always been a staple of the Norvenian economy, and systematic deforestation is behind the large area of the nation used as arable land. But deep forests still remain, large enough that strict government regulation about sustainable forestry has turned the enormous swathes of the Great North Wood into a priceless natural resource. For every tree cut down, two more are planted. Thus, the lumber industry is steadily growing, as are the forests. Timber exports and self-sufficiency are a major pillar of the Norvenian economy.

The mountains that form the core of the island of Norvenia are rich in mineral deposits, especially coal, copper, lead, gold, mercury, nickel, and zinc. Norvenia also has among the largest deposits of iron, silver, and uranium in the world. Environmental regulation and frequent nationalization has hurt the mining industry - especially the lead, gold, and mercury industries - but the steady flood of iron ore continues to fuel the factories of Zion City and the island's uranium deposits are the key to the success of Norvenia's nuclear power program. Offshore, rich reserves of oil and natural gas let Norvenia export the fossil fuels for which it has little need.

Fishing is the oldest economic pillar of Norvenia, dating from before the island was even settled. Now, government regulation has produced enormous sustainable fisheries in Norvenia's territorial waters, and the country is a major exporter of fish to other nations - especially the overfished countries of the United States and Japan. Poaching by bulk fishers from Korea and Japan, however, has become an increasing problem. The Norvenian government is beginning to address this issues with naval patrols of the fisheries to root out the poachers.

Industrial production of machinery, vehicles, household appliances, and other manufactured goods has long been of great importance to the area of the coastal plain around Wrenwatch and Zion City. Industry continues to fluorish, thanks to the cheap energy of Norvenian nuclear power plants and the even cheaper iron that comes from the mines in the mountains. Most industry, however, is nationalized to prevent powerful private corporations from using environmentally harmful practices and exploiting their workers. This hurts the productivity of the industry, but it also keeps factory jobs in Norvenia, rather than being outsourced to Korea and Mexico.

Nationalization and welfare policies have kept unemployment low, and high taxes have kept budget shortfalls at a reasonable level, around 3% of GDP. This has gone up to 4% in the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, but Norvenians' standard of living has weathered the change relatively unscathed. The Norvenian economy remains strong, but largely stagnant, and still reliant on the old agricultural and industrial pillers of fifty years ago.

GDP (purchasing power parity):$5.23 trillion; note: data are in 2010 US dollars

GDP - real growth rate: 1.3% (2010 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP): $33,200; note: data are in 2010 US dollars

GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 17.8%
industry: 27.9%
services: 54.3%

Labor force: 94.45 million

Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture: 32.1%
industry: 29.7%
services: 38.2%

Unemployment rate: 2.1%

Population below poverty line: 0.2%

Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 7.6%
highest 10%: 14.3%

Distribution of family income - Gini index: 21

Investment (gross fixed): 16.7% of GDP

Budget:
revenues: $1.596 trillion
expenditures: $1.482 trillion

Public debt: 24.8% of GDP

Inflation rate (consumer prices): 0.9%

Central bank discount rate: 0.71%

Commercial bank prime lending rate: 4.96%

Stock of narrow money: $1.727 trillion

Stock of broad money: $7.163 trillion

Stock of domestic credit: $7.9 trillion

Market value of publicly traded shares: $1.028 trillion

Agriculture - products: wheat, corn, barley, potatoes, fruits, vegetables; beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; fish; forest products

Industries: iron, steel, cement, machinery, vehicles, machine tools, electronics, appliances, consumer goods, food and beverages, lumber, mining

Industrial production growth rate: 0.3%

Electricity - production: 946.4 billion kWh

Electricity - consumption: 1.17 trillion kWh

Electricity - exports: 61.7 billion kWh

Electricity - imports: 21.67 billion kWh

Oil - production: 3.165 million bbl/day

Oil - consumption: 760,000 bbl/day

Oil - exports: 1.942 million bbl/day

Oil - imports: 123,200 bbl/day

Oil - proved reserves: 67.32 million bbl

Natural gas - production: 45.29 billion cu m

Natural gas - consumption: 3.26 billion cu m

Natural gas - exports: 28.64 billion cu m

Natural gas - imports: 1.07 billion cu m

Natural gas - proved reserves: 311.6 billion cu m

Current account balance: $27.3 billion

Exports: $410.8 billion

Exports - commodities: machinery, vehicles, metals and manufactures, foodstuffs, timber, crude petroleum, natural gas

Imports: $123.5 billion

Imports - commodities: luxury goods, chemicals, armaments, textiles

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $NA

Debt - external: $1.297 trillion

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home: $494.6 billion

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad: $631.4 billion

Exchange rates: Norvenian Talents (TAL) per US dollar - 0.917

[Norvenia]

Communications

Telephones - main lines in use: 79 million

Telephones - mobile cellular: 118 million

Telephone system:
general assessment: a large, technologically advanced, multipurpose communications system
domestic: a large system of fiber-optic cable, microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, and domestic satellites carries every form of telephone traffic; a rapidly growing cellular system carries mobile telephone traffic throughout the country
international: country code - 101; multiple ocean cable systems provide international connectivity; satellite earth stations - 61 Intelsat (16 Atlantic Ocean and 45 Pacific Ocean)

Broadcast media: 2 public television broadcasting networks each with a large number of network affiliates; several smaller private-commercial networks also with multiple network affiliates; overall, about 250 TV stations; multiple national public radio networks with large numbers of affiliate stations; while most stations are public, there are about 600 smaller, private stations; satellite radio available; overall, nearly 8,000 radio stations operating.

Internet country code: .nor

Internet hosts: 172 million

Internet users: 149 million

[Norvenia]

Transportation

Airports: 823

Airports - with paved runways:
total: 714
over 3,047 m: 26
2,438 to 3,047 m: 41
1,524 to 2,437 m: 231
914 to 1,523 m: 329
under 914 m: 87

Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 109
1,524 to 2,437 m: 16
914 to 1,523 m: 35
under 914 m: 58

Heliports: 102

Pipelines: oil 1,835 km; natural gas 2,340 km

Railways:
total: 183,715 km
standard gauge: 183,715 km 1.435-m gauge

Roadways:
total: 1,942,300 km
paved: 1,425,600 km (includes 32,000 km of expressways)
unpaved: 516,700 km

Waterways: 1,630 km

Merchant marine:
total: 324
by type: barge carrier 3, bulk carrier 48, cargo 58, carrier 9, chemical tanker 3, container 47, passenger 18, passenger/cargo 36, petroleum tanker 72, refrigerated cargo 3, vehicle carrier 27
registered in other countries: 27 (United States 4, Kaluba 23)

Ports and terminals: Wrenwatch, Caritas, Mercy Beach, Long Landing, Salem, Point Brotherhood, Calvin, North Watch

[Norvenia]

Military

Overview:
The Norvenian military is quite small, but very well-trained and well-equipped. It is a professional volunteer army; conscription has not been used since the Second World War.

Its high level of training and technological sophistication allows it to hit far above its numbers. The Norvenian military is famous for its precision missile strikes, which are sattelite-guided and capable of causing enormous damage to very specific points. Moreover, its soldiers are trained and equipped so much better than most of their opponents that they are able to successfully engage far greater numbers of enemy troops than one might first believe.

The Norvenian military is also well-known for its linguistic programs - all officers are given an intensive course in the local language before any overseas deployments. This gives Norvenian troops a major advantage in counterinsurgency operations

Because the Norvenian military is small but very well-funded, its equipment is among the best in the world, mostly bought from the United States or made under license in Norvenia. The M1A2 Abrams is the standard main battle tank; the F-22 Raptor is the standard air superiority fighter; the SCAR-H battle rifle is the standard infantry weapon.

The main challenge facing the Norvenian military is its small size; less than 200,000 men in total from all branches. This limits the scale of operations in which Norvenia can involve itself, especially without coalition aid. This has become a problem in the wake of the O'Donnel Doctrine's adoption. It also means that Norvenian troops, cut off from resupply or air support and massively outnumbered, can be easily overwhelmed by numerically superior enemy forces.

Nevertheless, the distinctive black body armor, fatigues, and balaclavas of the Norvenian military are rightly respected by the soldiers of the world as the trademark of an army that, if small, is nevertheless one of the best-trained and best-equipped fighting forces on Earth.

Military branches: Norvenian Joint Forces (196,728): Norvenian Army (114,059), Norvenian Navy (67,326), Norvenian Air Force (15,343); note - most of the Norvenian Air Force is based on aircraft carriers of the Norvenian Navy, so Navy personnel maintain and transport Air Force planes; the manpower lines are blurred.

Military service age and obligation: 21 years of age for male and female voluntary service; maximum enlistment age 38 (Army), 40 (Air Force), 38 (Navy); service obligation 10 years, including 5 years active duty (Army), 3 years active (Navy, Air Force)

Manpower available for military service:
males age 16-49: 37,774,563
females age 16-49: 36,941,969

Manpower fit for military service:
males age 16-49: 32,620,143
females age 16-49: 29,401,941

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
male: 1,049,293
female: 1,023,685

Military expenditures: 5.06% of GDP

[Norvenia]

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international:
The adoption of the O'Donnel Doctrine has caused threats from many foreign nations, including those more powerful than Norvenia.

A recent military intervention in the Aryas regime ended with unclear results.

An ongoing peacekeeping operation in Sremski Okrug has encountered heavy fighting.

Refugees and internally displaced persons:
refugees (country of origin): Norvenia admitted 37,643 refugees during FY09/10 including; 8,586 (Kalumba); 7,549 (Sremski Okrug); 6,666 (Colombia); 6,479 (Laos); 3,100 (Vietnam); 2,136 (Iraq)

Illicit drugs: minor consumer of cocaine shipped from Colombia and high-quality Southeast Asian heroin; illicit producer of cannabis, marijuana, and hallucinogens; vulnerable to money-laundering.