National Factbook of Saint Andrews Island. [CLOSED]

[Saint Andrews Island]

From the archive of Saint Andrews History circa 1698

History

The Capricorn's Voyage

The history of Saint Andrews Island dates back to 1698, when the islands first settlement and now Capital, Norfolktown began. Sir John Everard Andrews, who served the Britanic crown aboard HMS Capricorn was contracted to plot an alternative trade route to New Alabasta which avoided Hanngolia. Setting sail in 1677, the voyage took route upwards toward Gutia, before the daunting task of navigating the icy waters of the Arctic. Just over a year later, the HMS Capricorn passed by several uncharted islands just East of New Alabasta. Concerned and intrigued of the uncharted world, Sir Andrews pushed on Southwards towards more unknown waters, before discovering the new land.

An extract from Sir Andrew's personal log described the discovery that day, May 24th, 1698.

Sir Andrew's expedition abroad HMS Capricorn, May 24th, 1698.
We soldiered on from the Alabastan coast, none of us were expecting such a rewarding find as this. The bay welcomes us to a land untouched by civilization, the softness of the hills beautifies the jagged rocky cliffs that hang over the bay like a shadow. Is it coincidence that I have discovered this land? Or is it an act of God? I must notify the King as soon as we berth, my only hope is that we are alone here.

Colonization of Saint Andrews and the birth of Norfolktown

As order of the crown, Sir Andrew's was to colonize the island on behalf of the Greater Britanican Empire, he named the first colony on the island Norfolktown, in honor of the Norfolk county. The name Saint Andrews came around after the legacy of Sir Andrew's most famous relative, Baron Henry Andrews II, who took part in the Third Crusade under King Richard.

Norfolktown quickly became populated thanks to the wildlife and fertile land on the Northern coast where it had settled, the waters were calm and became ideal for Britanic fishing operations, which gave the colony the Norfolktown Fishing Guild in 1708. The settlement continued to prosper thanks the growing Tobacco industry which boomed in 1713, Sir Andrew's had by this time settled as Governor of Norfolktown at the age of 68. In 1721, the Colonial powers of Europe had begun to expand their grasp in the New World, Kelwona and Britanica engaged in skirmishes in America, propelling the Britanic crown to fortify Saint Andrews, and by the end of 1723, Norfolktown Fort had been constructed. The gigantic Fort watched over Norfolktown and housed 250 musketeers, but it would be a year later in 1724 when tragedy shook Norfolktown, Governor John Everard Andrews passed away in his sleep at the age of 79.

Further settlements and the Bretton Trail

As the years passed, Norfolktown grew and expanded by leaps and boundaries. In 1745 the colony of Ripley's Harbour was founded on the other side of the island, the harbour was based strictly for Royal Navy operations in the Pacific and Indian Oceans, and housed some of the Royal Navy's most powerful vessels. 2 years later the Bretton Trail was constructed that planned to link Norfolktown to Ripley's Harbour.

Linking Ripley's Harbour to Norfolktown was no easy task however, the sheer heat of what became known as 'The Outback' added with the violent wildlife made transport difficult, on average during the years of 1748-1840 atleast 480 pioneers had been killed en route to Ripley's Harbour to Norfolktown by heat exhaustion or wildlife attack.

A comparison map of the Bretton Trail in Red, which was finished in 1747, with the current Bretton Highway in Black. The shaded areas around each settlement represented the borders of each county before the unification of 1885.

Finally, the third settlement of Canderra in the county of New Hastings was founded in 1760 after the discovery of large gold reefs on the Western Coast of Saint Andrews. Canderra became the second most largest settlement on the island, before Ripley's Harbour replaced it in 1922. The gold mines in Canderra profited the Empire's campaigns in America, such as the invasion of Amireland, which was surrendered to Britanica by the Kelwonan during the Seven Years War.

The Pohlmanian Revolution and the Battle of Norfolktown

2 days after the Pohlmanian colonists ratified the Declaration of Independence, Ripley's Harbour became a much more populated port with ships of the Royal Navy docking to resupply before America. However the settlements garrisons in Norfolktown and Ripley's Harbour saw no action in America, the King had gave the order to the garrison to remain on the island. Norfolktown Fortress was regarded as a non important asset, and its garrison was essentially too little of importance to be considered a viable threat.

Nevertheless Governor Will Rapley of the Norfolktown District stressed the importance of fortifying the most important settlements on the island; Norfolktown and Ripley's Harbour. The governor could not of been anymore correct, as he began plans to improve the Fortress that guarded Norfolktown, the Kelwonan had deployed a fleet to attack and invade Saint Andrews to support the Pohlmanian colonists. The Kelwonan fleet deployed from Kelwonan Polynesia, led by Captain Andre de Valouse and consisted of 400 troops aboard 2 Frigates, the DuVelle and Chambrais aswell as a supporting Gaff Schooner, the Vouchant.

At approximately 9:25am on August 29th, 1776, a lookout ontop of the Norfolktown Fortress reported sighting a Kelwonan battle fleet. Within the hour the Fort garrison had been rallied by Captain Jack Lovitts, who commanded the garrison known as the Andrew's Regiment. The disciplined soldiers, twinned with the excellent organisation of the defenses gave the garrison a head start advantage against the Kelwonan. By 10:20am that morning, the Kelwonan fleet began bombarding the Fort, which was countered by the Fort's guns that struck serious damage to the DuVelle. Nevertheless, the Kelwonan launced their 400 troops at the island, their shallow rowboats were small, hard targets for the Fort's guns.

Captain Lovitts took half of his Regiment to Coca Beach, and dug in along the ridgeline where his troops were given an excellent vantage point. The Kelwonan had to cross 2 miles of low tide beach, they were sitting ducks until they could reach the ridgeline. The Andrews Regiment laid down a wall of shot against the Kelwonan, and within the first half hour of the landing almost 1 third of the Kelwonan troops were killed as they advanced from the boats.

Interestingly, it was a Kelwonan tactical error that claimed the lives of so many at such a crucial point in the attack. Had Captain Andre de Valouse focused his bombardment on Coca Beach instead of intending to destroy the Fortress first, then he would of inflicted casualties on the undermanned Regiment, and with the absence of the Royal Navy he could of easily ruled supreme power over the defense and pushed to Norfolktown.

At around 11:50am the next day, the Kelwonan tried for another attack, this time with support of the DuVelle whilst the remaining fleet pressed on at destroying the Fort. The DuVelle forced the Andrew's Regiment back to Norfolktown, with the Kelwonan troops in pursuit. Captain Lovitts issued the Regiment to make their stand at Malborne Hill. Most of the Fortress cannon's had been neutralised by the Kelwonan fleet and a raging fire had rendered the Fort inaccessible, but the damage dealt by the Fort was more than enough to force the Chambrais to retreat, with Captain Valouse aboard.

On the third and final day of battle, the Kelwonan attempted a last ditch effort to take Malborne Hill. But their numbers had dropped overnight after a constant struggle with the Regiment, and when the troops learnt of Captain Valouse's cowardice by leaving battle, Kelwonan subordinate Lieutenant Philip Nepale issued the surrender of the remaining troops, aswell as the surrender of the DuVelle, which was towed back to Norfolktown by the Royal Navy. Out of the 400 Kelwonan troops that attacked the island 3 days ago, only 67 survived.

Captain Lovitt's and the Andrew's Regiment were hailed as heroes by not just Norfolktown, but the Empire itself. And in 1858, after the Victoria Cross was issued as the highest commendation in the Britanican Armed Forces, the King himself issued the then deceased James Lovitt a posthumous commendation.

The Industrial Revolution and the Unification of 1885

In 1856, the kick of the Industrial Revolution finally arrived in Saint Andrews, which saw great change in the industries that profited the island. The Gold mines were hit first, the introduction of steam powered mines eliminated the need for slaves that would carry the gold out of the dangerous mines and into the factory. Slavery in the mines was officialy abolished in 1861, and in its place came the railway network that connected most of Saint Andrew's most popular settlements. The Outback had became more dangerous with this introduction however, outlaws and thieves dotted the sparse land and hijacked stagecoaches and trains. The Outback was given the nickname "Britanica's Wild West" in 1870, after the greatest train robbery in Saint Andrew's history occured when famous Outback group 'The Chiggley Posse' robbed a train carrying approximately 20 tons of Gold Bullion destined for Britanica.

The danger of the Outback, added with the need for more land for the settlements on the island pushed for the 'Unificiation of 1885' which would expand the four mainland counties borders to fully connect across the Outback. The Unification was not easy, and required constant guard by the army from outlaws and wildlife alike. But in 1891, the New Hastings, Saint Andrews and Woolinger Regiments planned a new strategy to encircle the remaining outlaws, the New Hastings Regiment crossed over the Petersville county and toward the central part of the island. The Saint Andrews and Woolinger advanced from the North and West respectively, with a reserve force of the Andrew's regiment advancing from the East, although the Eastern Outback was considered a lesser threat.

By the end of 1895, almost ten years after the Unification began, the Outback was finally considered free of out outlaws. Most had died fighting the Britanic Army, only a few had surrendered themselves. The Post-Unification period brought about new advances in technology for most of Saint Andrew's, the railway system recieved much more funding to connect most of the colony and Norfolktown recieved a much more modern look, from its wooden housing came up brick built manors designed by Romopolian Architect Venise Di Valtiri.

Finally in 1898, Saint Andrews was considered 'A country within its own country' which as some people say was the first step to Independence which only came around on July 8th, 2011, four days after the Pohlmanian Independence national holiday. The Post-Unification period had simmered down, and the Adrian's as they were came to known finally began to enjoy life, with a powerful economical colony and a formidable army to defend it.

1910 and onwards

With the Industrial Revolution now passed, Saint Andrews and the rest of the world saw the coming of a new age. Further advances in technology would eventually pave the way for the First and Second World War.

During the First World War, The Andrian Army assisted Japanese forces in the Pacific by seizing Mahdan Samoa aswell as the Micronesian Islands. Later on in the war a coalition between Saint Andrew's and Japan was formed and attacked the Mahdan port of Qingdao in Asacia. During the later course of the war, Andrian forces fought alongside Kelwonan, Britanic and New Zealend forces across the Pacific, but by 1917 most of the Pacific was secure, and the Andrian forces stepped down and handed over seized territory to other allied powers.

The inter-war period was a time of great change in power for Saint Andrews, the colonial grasp of Greater Britanica was now loosening, and certain restricted powers were given to Saint Andrews, but the nation would still run under a Britanic flag. In 1920, Andrian Governor Lyle Harris made frontline newpapers after he was elected governor of Petersville, the first ever Andrian Governor to be elected in history. His term lasted until 1929, before he was arrested on charges of murder after Petersville police discovered his wife, Betty Harris' body in a makeshift grave in their garden in Hunterstown. Before his trial on December 1st of that year, Lyle Harris produced a revolver which he used to commit suicide with.

At the start of the Second World War, Andrian forces were sent to North Africa in early 1940 to aid the Britanic Army against the Mahdan and Romopolian forces there. The famous Andrew's Regiment fought alongside the Britanic forces at Tobruk and El Alamein, but they were hastily called back to Saint Andrew's after Japan had declared war in 1941. The threat of Japan had seemingly been ignored by the Governors of Saint Andrew's, but the Japanese advance on New Alabasta and parts of Asacia essentially left Saint Andrews wide open. Although Andrian forces were stationed overseas to fight, the Japanese had came in droves, and pushed back the Allies with extreme prejudice.

The Governors turned to the United States of Pohlmania for assistance, without trying to hinder relations with Britanica. The Japanese plan was to isolate Saint Andrew's from the Allies before invading. This gave the Royal Navy precious little time to organise what defense they could. They determined the Japanese would attack at Norfolktown first, and along the Northern coastline. The Pohlmanian Navy organised a defense along the Northern tips of Saint Andrew's to deter a possible invasion. But by 1943, an attack seemed out of the question for the Japanese, as their losses in the Pacific were now starting to take their toll.

During 1944-1945, Allied forces including Saint Andrew's, Britanica and Pohlmania invaded occupied Alabasta, and liberated the country on November 15th, 1944. This was essentially the last major Andrian operation of the war in the Pacific, the Pohlmanian's continued up until mid 1945, when Japan surrendered. The war in Europe ended in May, when Mahdah surrendered to the Allies. Post-War Saint Andrew's saw even more advances in politics, the prospect of a Commonwealth seemed so much more realistic than it did 20 years ago, and in 1955 Wooton Island, a long disputed island between Saint Andrews and New Zealend was finally handed over to the Saint Andrews Colony as the fifth county.

Alabastan Vietnam, Pohlmania and the Cold War

Since the end of the Second World War, New Alabasta had control over a small nation which was came to known as Vietnam during the 1960's, the Vietnamese were influenced greatly by the USSR, and promoted a Revolution from their Alabastan superiors. However, in 1962 a division of Vietnamese soldiers attacked the Alabastan embassy in Hanoi, and publicly executed the Alabastan Ambassador. The Saint Andrew's Governing body condemned the Vietnamese and pledged allegiance to the New Alabastan government, and offered full support in eradicating a bloody uprising.

This is where Saint Andrew's asked for an active membership to the Pohlmanian region, a collection of post-war nations who vied for liberty and national security. Immediately after joining, Saint Andrew's became a member of the United Nation's of Pohlmania, and begun operations in Vietnam. For 4 years the Andrian Army fought against the Vietnamese alongside Alabastan and Pohlmanian forces, and by 1974, Vietnam issued a surrender to New Alabasta, and was back into the Alabastan borders after years of vicious fighting that claimed the lives of thousands of soldiers.

After Vietnam, Saint Andrew's returned to being an active member of the UNP, still remaining a colony of Greater Britanica. This remained so until 1983, when Independence was granted by King Philip II, Saint Andrews became a Commonwealth and to this day maintains a special relationship with Greater Britanica. During the Pre and Post-Independence era, the biggest priority was, and still remains to be the United Socialist States of Seviot. The Andrian Navy was given the task of protecting South Eastern Asia aswell as the Hanngolian Sea, until Hanngolia took control of its territorial waters in 1995.

Today, the Commonwealth of Saint Andrews remains in a happily placed sense of peacetime, although the military is on standby in the Pacific with a powerful Navy modeled to resemble the Royal Navy of Greater Britanica.

Politics

Saint Andrew's Island is a Democratic Commonwealth nation that has shared federal power between the Andrian and Britanic Governments. It uses a parliamentary system that is shared by a Britanic national who maintains authority over the five administrative territories in the Saint Andrew's mainland, and who also acts as a temporary leader in times of crisis or government shutdown. The term for every Prime Minister in office lasts for 5 years before elections are held to determine the next leader in office. The current Prime Minister in office is Simon Stone.

The Democratic government is separated into three different categories:
The Legislature: Compromises the Democratic government, the Senate, the Britanic National Governor of Andrian Territories, and the Hall of Representatives.
The Executive Ministry: Contains the Democratic Council, and the Ministry advisors to the Prime Minister.
The Judiciary: The High Court of Saint Andrew's and all other Democratic courts. Judges are elected by choice of the Representatives.

The Senate contains 70 Senators, 20 of which are Britanic nationals who act as the Britanic Governor's aide. The Remaining 50 are made up from 10 representatives from the 5 counties of Saint Andrew's. Every 5 years, 5 out these 50 are selected by the Prime Minister to each individually govern the following Ministry's as selected by the elected leader for the coming term:

The Ministry of Defence
The Ministry of Public Health & Human Science
The Ministry of Education & Welfare
The Ministry of Transport
The Ministry of International Affairs
The Ministry of Scientific Research

The current electoral process is based on an Alternative Voting scheme, which means that the voter can select a first priority candidate for election. The election process eleminates the lowest voted party but adds the voters ballot to their second priority candidate if the voter has chosen to do so. The maximum amount of candidates a single voter can prioritise is set at but is not limited to 3 per election. The minimum age requirement for voters is set at the age of 20 years or older, although citizens who are aged 18 or over can apply for an early voting ballot, which limits the vote to 1 candidate.

Currently there are two major political groups running for election in Saint Andrews:
Saint's Labour Party - The current party in power for Saint Andrews, led by Governor Thomas Baker
Andrian Conservatives - Unionist based policy, led by Margaret Atwood

Their are also 5 minor political groups in Saint Andrew's as of 2009:
Anglo-Andrian Nationalist Party - Formed by a joint group of Andrian and Britanic politicans, the AANP is a far-right political party led by Teddy Bishop, a Britanic national
Communist Worker's Force - A Marxist based party led by Edward Grimshaw
Christian Union - Religious based Democratical party led by Alan Maine
Peace and Unity Alliance - Anti-war and pro human rights campaigners led by Fiona Worth
Socialist Progressive - Socialist and Egalitarianist based party led by Duane Chamberman

Demographics

Population

As of January 2011 the population of Saint Andrew's is closely estimated at 30,733,350 according to the Pohlmanian census.

County	Capital (or largest settlement)	Population	Area (km)
Norfolktown District	Norfolktown	13,429,054	6,157,225
New Hastings	Canderra	8,945,520	676,890
Petersville	Lambert	3,873,338	3,157,225
Woolinger	Ripley's Harbour	4,483,534	2,390,009
Wooton Island	Ellisborough	1,904	2,489

Age structure
0-20 years: 14.2%
21-64 years: 73.8%
More than 65 years: 12%

Median Age
Male: 37.6 years
Female: 35.3 years
Total: 36.5 years

Average life expectancy
Male: 84.2 years
Female: 88.9 years

Country of Birth
According to the Saint Andrew's Bureau of Statistic's of 2008, there are currently 1,099,218 residents born out outside of Saint Andrew's. These statistics make up for around 16% of the current population.

Country of Birth	Estimated Resident Population
United Kingdom of Greater Britanica	486,249
The Royal Emirate of New Alabasta	289,314
United States of Hanngolia	106,090
Kingdom of Madabique	66,433
People's Republic of Asacia	59,724
Incorportated States of the African Horn	40,133
The United States of Pohlmania	29,809
The Most Serene Republic of Amireland	10,423
The Republic of Kelwona	7,010
The Kingdom of Portulance	4,033

Spoken Languages
Britanic English is the de facto language spoken by the vast majority of the population in Saint Andrew's. Although the four most common second languages are Alabastan, Hanngolian, Andrian Woolingese Languages and Asacian Mandarin.

Language	Speakers
Britanic English	21,804,982
Alabastan	4,210,983
Hanngolian	3,905,126
Andrian Woolingese Languages	435,715
Asacian Mandarin	376,544

Literacy
Definition: age 15 and over can completely read and write
Totaly Population: 99%
Male: 99%
Female: 99%

National Education Expenditure
18% of GDP (2008)

Nationality
noun: Andrian(s), Andrewian(s), Saint Andrewian(s), Saint(s)
adjective: Adrian, Andrewian, Saint Andrewian, Saint

Military

The Saint Andrews Defense Force (SADF) is the combined organisation of the Andrian Army, Andrian Navy, Andrian Air Force and the Auxillary Service (sometimes refered to as Territorial Service). The combined popultion of the SADF is recorded at 8,342,209 as of 2010, with 971,027 as post graduates of the Auxillary program. The Auxillary Territorial Service is unique to the SADF as it contains personel above the age of 18 but under the age of 20, and can also contain juveline offenders who were put into the Auxillary Program. The maximum term for 18-20 year olds in the Auxillary Service is 1 year, which when completed individuals can re apply as adults. Juveline offenders are however, graded on their performance, if their end performance passes a Grade B, then their juveline offence is cleared.

Each military service belongs to 4 seperate Corps and one Battalion, they are the New Hastings, Petersville, Woolinger and Norfolktown Corps, along with the Wooton Island Battalion.

Service	Permanent	Auxillary Reserve	Total
Andrian Army	3,634,602	485,204	4,119,806
Andrian Navy	2,162,462	398,417	2,560,879
Andrian Air Force	1,574,118	87,406	1,661,524
Total	7,371,182	971,027	8,342,209

Andrian Army
The Andrian Army is Saint Andrew's military land force with a total of 4,119,806 servicemen and woman, with 485,204 part time servicemen acting in the Auxillary Reserve. The main bulk of the Andrian Army is split into 2 seperate Corps, aswell the Wooton Island Battalion, with the Norfolktown Corps taking the majority of forces. There is also a reserve 2 Auxillary Battalions acting in national defence which are based in New Hastings and Woolinger. Each Corps is commanded by a Lieutenant General, who are in turn commanded by the Commander in Chief (CIC), the Prime Minister.


Norfolktown Corps - Commanded by Lieutenant General Bertie Morgan

22nd Brigade - An Infantry Brigade based in Norfolktown.
1 Infantry Support Squadron (Warrior IFV)
2 Light Infantry Battalions (Including the Andrew's Regiment)
1 Parachute Infantry Battalion
1 Field Artillery Regiment (AS-90)

1st Brigade - A Mechanised Brigade based in Fulhamborough.
2 Armored Regiments (Leopard 2)
1 Armored Reconnaissance and Logistics Regiment (CVRT)
1 Mechanised Infantry Battalion (M113AS4)
1 Light Artilerry Regiment (M198 Howitzer)
1 Forward Aviation Reconnaissance Squadron (Westland Gazelle)

70th Battalion - An Infantry Support Battalion based in Lynham.
2 Light Motorised Infantry Battalions (Iveco LMV/Saxon APC)
1 Armored Cavalry Battalion (Amphibious Pirahna)
1 Field Artillery Division (AS-90)

Petersville Corps - Commanded by Lieutenant General Vivienne Davis

2nd Brigade - An Infantry Brigade based in Ripley's Harbour.
1 Heavy Infantry Battalion
1 Airborne Light Cavalry Division (Pirahna)
2 Light Infantry Battalions
1 Heavy Artillery Regiment (MLRS)

3rd Brigade - A Mechanised Brigade based in Chatsley.
2 Armored Regiments (Leopard 2)
1 Aviation Company (UH-1)
2 Motorised Infantry Battalions (Warrior IFV)

Royal Andrian Air Force
The Royal Andrian Air Force is Saint Andrew's air force with 1,574,118 recruited pilots to date, aswell as 87,406 Auxillary servicemen and woman. There are 14 active squadrons serving the Air Force as of 2000, with a further 2 more squadron's proposed to come into service by 2016.

Aircraft
As of 2008, the following aircraft are operated by the RAAF:

Fighter Aircraft

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F-15C/D Eagle
F-16 Fighting Falcon
Typhoon F2
LY90A Warhawk

Attack/Close Air Support Aircraft

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Harrier II (Navy)
Saab JAS 39 Sea Gripen (Navy)
Tornado GR4
AC-130

Bomber Aircraft

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B-1 Lancer

Helicopter Aircraft

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Merlin (Navy)
Chinhook
Puma
Westland Gazelle

Cargo Aircraft

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C-130
C-5 Globemaster

Active Squadrons

Fighter Squadrons

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1st Fighter Squadron
3rd Fighter Squadron
9th Fighter Squadron
10th Fighter Squadron
13th Fighter Squadron
12th Fighter Squadron

Close Air Support/Bomber Squadrons

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2nd Bomber Squadron
4th Bomber Squadron
5th Close Air Support Squadron
7th Bomber Squadron

Cargo/Helicopter/Trainer Squadrons

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6th Supply Squadron
14th Supply Squadron
8th Helicopter Squadron
11th Trainer Squadron

POLITICS, DEMOGRAPHY, MILITARY ETC. COMING SOON.