NSG Senate Coffee Shop: We don't serve decaf

[Britanno]

Oh my god is it not bloody obvious.

I didn't take it as his senator's name, I took it as literally telling me to piss off,

You and your idea, yes.

which I would now like to raise a Point of Order for.

Grow up.

I placed in bold and underlined the sponsoring part. Since he said "Sponsored", he sponsored it.

You know what was meant.

[Novsvacro]

Life Preservation Act
"A resolution to prevent the taking of life from any citizen."
Author: Dragomerian Islands [CP]
Sponsors: Britanno [LDP]

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Article I: Defining Life

'Life' or the act of being able to live, shall not be infringed upon.

Article II: Ban on the Death Penalty

Death may not be a punishment for any crime, regardless of severity.

Article III: Euthanasia

The killing of the elderly, or the removal of life support on any patient shall be prohibited, and shall be considered murder.

Article IV: Infanticide

The killing of unwanted babies, after their birth, shall be considered murder.

Article V: Exceptions

Any person at or above the age of consent may choose to end his or her own life if he or she has a serious or critical medical condition or injury or has a terminal illness, as determined by medical staff. A person whose brain is permanently not able to function shall be able to be terminated without consequence, as long as medical staff have determined the patient as brain dead.

Article VI: Protections

No legislation may go against this legislation without first repealing or amending this legislation in a separate bill.

Sponsors, comments, or questions?

Any ideas for improvements?

Henrico cocks an eyebrow and glances at people near him.

"Why would the death penalty be abolished? Some prisoners are simply too far gone to rehabilitate, and death is a better fate than the taxpayer spending thousands providing for lifers. Now, I mean to say, I believe it would be much better for them to be made to work and to farm plots around the prison, for internal use and export."

[Argentarino]

This is in the works and I've had varying responses to it.

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The Unemployment Assistance Act
| Author: Geneviève Duflot (Geilinor, LDP) |
| Sponsors:

An act to establish a system to assist unemployed workers, with a focus on the Ghent system, where labor unions play a significant role in the provision of benefits.

---

Article I - Definitions

I. Labor union - A voluntary association of employees that organizes to lobby for improved working conditions.
Article II
[blocktext]I. The right of labor unions to provide for a pool of unemployment insurance benefits and set the terms of contributions shall be affirmed.
II. A labor union, if it chooses to provide for unemployment benefits, must pay an amount equal to at least 70% of a displayed worker's previous monthly wages, up to a maximum of the national average full-time wage as calculated by the Ministry of Labor, for a minimum of six months.

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Article III - State Unemployment Assistance

I. If a worker chooses to opt out of joining a union or the labor union which they are a member of does not provide for unemployment benefits, they may enroll in the State Unemployment Assistance Program, which the Ministry of Labor shall establish and administer.

II. Employees who are members of the State Unemployment Assistance Program shall have 3% of their monthly income deducted from their wages and paid to the State Unemployment Assistance Program.

III. The State Unemployment Assistance Program shall pay an amount equal to at least 70% of a displayed worker's previous monthly wages, up to a maximum of the national average full-time wage as calculated by the Ministry of Labor, for up to six months.

---

I shall sponsor this

[The New World Oceania]

Life Preservation Act
"A resolution to prevent the taking of life from any citizen."
Author: Dragomerian Islands [CP]
Sponsors: Britanno [LDP]

---

Article I: Defining Life

'Life' or the act of being able to live, shall not be infringed upon.

Article II: Ban on the Death Penalty

Death may not be a punishment for any crime, regardless of severity.

Article III: Euthanasia

The killing of the elderly, or the removal of life support on any patient shall be prohibited, and shall be considered murder.

Article IV: Infanticide

The killing of unwanted babies, after their birth, shall be considered murder.

Article V: Exceptions

Any person at or above the age of consent may choose to end his or her own life if he or she has a serious or critical medical condition or injury or has a terminal illness, as determined by medical staff. A person whose brain is permanently not able to function shall be able to be terminated without consequence, as long as medical staff have determined the patient as brain dead.

Article VI: Protections

No legislation may go against this legislation without first repealing or amending this legislation in a separate bill.

Sponsors, comments, or questions?

Any ideas for improvements?

Henrico cocks an eyebrow and glances at people near him.

"Why would the death penalty be abolished? Some prisoners are simply too far gone to rehabilitate, and death is a better fate than the taxpayer spending thousands providing for lifers. Now, I mean to say, I believe it would be much better for them to be made to work and to farm plots around the prison, for internal use and export."

"And why are we banning euthanasia? God opposes it, surely, but when did it become our duty to punish sinners on moral grounds?"

"Furthermore, am I to be told that murdering infants is currently well and legal?"

[Ainin]

The Right to Life Act violates the implied repeal doctrine of the National Judiciary Act and would most likely be thrown out by the High Court of Appeals (or was it the Supreme Court) as unconstitutional.

[Great Nepal]

Education Framework Act
|Author: Senator Shadak Fantom (Great Nepal - LD)♦Senator Sebastián Luc Morales (Atlanticatia - DL)|
|Sponsors: |

An act establishing the structure of the education system; to make provisions supervision; to make provisions regarding examination; and for purposes connected therein.

---

Chapter I - On Educational Establishments

Part I - Schools

§1 - Early Childhood Education

a. Early childhood education shall be provided for children under the age of three primarily by pre-existing childcare and other specialized educational establishments, and composition of which shall be as developed by the establishment themselves provided it is in compliance with HighScope approach developed in Michigan. Where evidence for pressing need of such establishment exists, following public consultation in such area the ministry of education may establish such establishments to provide early childhood education.
b. Early childhood education and any associated costs such as childcare during such period shall be provided to the parents without any direct costs to them, costs incurred in private establishments shall be invoiced to the government of Calaverde provided such amount is within financial guidelines issued by the government. Further, child enrolled in such program shall be mandated enrol in junior school at age of five unless there exists physical or mental disability prohibiting such enrolment.

§2 - Junior schooling

a. Junior schooling shall refer to schooling between academic grades of nursery and upper kindergarten consisting of following grades each lasting no less than one year and under normal progression lasting no more than one year:

i. Nursery,
ii. Lower kindergarten, and
iii. Upper kindergarten

b. Junior schooling shall not be mandatory however failure to provide such education in absence of clarifying testimony or evidence shall be considered to not be in best interest of the child by appropriate agencies and court of law although such determination based exclusively upon failure to provide junior education shall not be sufficient to alter custodial or other arrangements.

c. It is recommended that junior schooling start at an age no latter than age of three years from birth and failure to start junior schooling at such age shall be a cause for concern by appropriate agencies and court of law.

d. Nothing in this section shall be interpreted in a fashion to prevent either public or private bodies of any type from imposing entry requirement based upon completion of junior schooling provided it can be demonstrated that such imposition is necessary given the organizational structure of the imposing body.

e. There shall exist publicly funded junior education establishments which shall provide junior education to all children below age of seven at no direct expense to the child or their family. No interpretation of this clause shall result prevention of establishments to provide junior education at cost to the family of the child by individuals or organisation provided such establishments are not affiliated with the government of Calaverde and do not receive funds from government of Calaverde for purposes of providing junior education or aspects of thereof, neither shall this clause be interpreted in a manner to prohibit parents from enrolling their child in such educational establishment provided the establishment has received appropriate accreditation to provide junior education.

§3 - Primary, lower secondary and secondary schooling

a. Primary schooling shall refer to schooling between academic grades of one to five, lower secondary schooling shall refer to schooling between academic grades of six to eight and secondary shall refer to schooling between academic grades of nine and ten, in numerical order each lasting one year under normal progression.

b. Schooling as listed in this section shall be mandatory and failure to provide such education in appropriately accredited facility shall be considered to be actively acting against child's best interest (provided the individual in question is under age of eighteen) and shall in addition to custodial alterations by appropriate court of law, be liable for criminal charge carrying custodial sentence of no greater than one year and fine at discretion of the presiding judge.

c. Primary schooling shall start in academic year immediately preceding the year when child completes junior schooling or at age of six should they not have completed junior schooling unless such child is already enrolled in junior school. A child shall automatically progress onto subsequent grades until end of lower secondary schooling unless it is determined by the teaching staff that child is not sufficiently adept in the materials as required for their grade. Such determination shall be made as determined by the procedure set by the schools subject to laws or other legal instruments as prescribed by the ministry of education.

d. At end of lower secondary schooling, there shall be examination for all subjects, details of which shall be determined by appropriate examination board which shall be graded on percentage basis where minimum average of forty percentage is required and minimum of forty percentage in all subjects shall be required to proceed onto secondary schooling. Where students fails to achieve such result, they shall have option to undertake additional classes during term breaks and resit the examination in subjects they choose once, should the student not take opportunity of resit as described or fail to satisfy conditions laid out - they shall be required to repeat the final year of lower secondary schooling.

e. All educational establishments accredited to teach secondary schooling shall be required to undertake practice examination at end of first year in secondary schooling, while such examination shall be entirely internally managed and serve as advisory tool for teaching staff in deciding if student has sufficient academic ability to succeed in final year of secondary schooling, it may be required by other educational establishments for purposes of admissions for educational purposes.

f. There shall exist national school leaving examination at end of secondary education, which may be supplemented by coursework throughout course of secondary education at discretion of the secondary school examination board. Such results shall subsequently be provided to the student in school leaving certificate no latter than three months after final examination which shall detail the overall percentage mark (average of individual marks unless otherwise stated) as well as the percentage marks in individual subjects and position that student has achived nationally. Schools accredited to teach secondary education shall be mandated to hold practice examination prior to the school leaving examination, to ensure students are versed in the examination procedure and to act as final opportunity for schools to ensure students are sufficiently versed in academics to standards expected for student leaving secondary education. To ensure impartiality, the examination board shall make arrangements for students to undertake examination at establishments not currently studied by the student and that such arrangements do not require unreasonable transport provisions to be made by the student.

g. There shall exist publicly funded education establishments which shall provide schooling at levels as described in this section to all students who has not previously passed secondary education and is otherwise below age of twenty five, at no direct expense to the student or their family. No interpretation of this clause shall result prevention of establishments to provide appropriate education at cost to the family of the child by individuals or organisation provided such establishments are not affiliated with the government of Calaverde and do not receive funds from government of Calaverde for purposes of providing appropriate education or aspects of thereof, neither shall this clause be interpreted in a manner to prohibit parents from enrolling their child in such educational establishment provided the establishment has received appropriate accreditation to provide such education.

§4 - Higher secondary schooling

a. Higher secondary schooling shall be refereed to as college and consist of two years of continuous education specializing in no greater than five subjects.

b. Higher secondary schooling shall be mandatory unless the student is enrolled in apprenticeship scheme as defined in section five or otherwise engaged in a profession with minimum working hour of forty eight in a standard week with salary greater than or equal to hundred and twenty percent of minimum wage as established by law or appropriate legal instrument lasting for no less than two years. It shall be the sole responsibility of the student to meet this condition and while failure to do so shall not be grounds for criminal or civil charges in court of law, individual who has not satisfied these conditions shall not qualify for income support as established by law or other legal instrument until such time that the condition are satisfied or there exists valid and certified extraordinary circumstances which prevented them from satisfying this condition as determined by court of law when claim is brought by the individual or by the appropriator department where and if such is established.

c. Higher secondary schooling shall be provided by publicly funded establishments which shall provide such schooling without charge to all individuals provided they are under the age of thirty or otherwise have not completed higher secondary schooling or part of thereof twice. Nothing in this clause shall however prohibit private establishments from charging students for higher secondary schooling provided it does not gain any government funds.

d. Examination and curriculum relating to higher secondary schooling shall be provided by Independent Curriculum and Examination Commission consisting of representatives from universities details of which shall be determined by ministry of education, which shall have authority to form policies relating to teaching, examination and curriculum and enforce such policies through sanctions up to and including withdrawal of accreditation from schools that consistently under-perform or flaunt such policies. Examination carried out by ICEC shall be national exam and shall result in Higher Secondary Certificate with overall percentage which shall be average of individual subjects unless otherwise stated by ICEC or ministry of education as well as percentage as achieved in each subject and position student has achieved nationally.

§5 - Apprenticeship

a. Apprenticeships shall be provided employer which shall include notable aspect of education and training provided in addition to employment however such programs shall be required to be approved for appropriate by a commission subject to quality and content directives issued from the government or appropriate ministries.

b. Individuals enrolled in first year of their qualifying apprenticeships shall have minimum wage equivalent to forty two percent of the adult minimum wage in same profession while remaining apprentices shall have minimum wage no greater than eighty percent of the adult minimum wage in same profession.

c. Successfully completing qualifying apprenticeship as certified by the employer offering such program shall be equivalent to completing higher secondary education with grade of sixty five percentage.

§6 - General Provisions

a. No individual convicted of sexual offences, offences carrying maximum sentence above fifteen years, or other crimes involving minors unless the individual themselves were minor by two years at commission of the crime shall be employed in education establishments as a teacher or as teaching assistant. Where extraordinary circumstances exist and there exists evidence which beyond any reasonable doubt convinces ministry of education of the rehabilitation of the individual, special dispensation may be granted exclusively by the ministry of education on behest of government of Calaverde; no question shall be raised in any court of law regarding refusal to grant such dispensation however any competent court of legal standing may at void such dispensation in interests of the child. For compliance with this clause, all criminal records including but not limited to those sealed by judicial authority shall be made available where required by the employer due to application for position of teacher or teaching assistant.

b. No individual convicted of sexual offences against minor unless they themselves were minors by two years at commission of the crime shall be employed in education establishments in a roles which would see them come in close contact with children except roles of teacher or teaching assistant. Provisos for dispensation and sealed records shall be as stated for clause a.

c. For staff in state funded educational establishments, the ministry of education shall be the employer in chief.

d. While funding for state funded educational establishments shall primarily be provided by the state, nothing in this act nor in any subsequent acts shall be interpreted in an manner to prohibit such establishments from raising additional funds provided such measures does not create charges for students through explicit or implicit cohesion.

e. In any discoveries or patents filed where large proportion of work was carried out and supported by educational establishments funded by government with exception of universities, the government of Calaverde shall have stake of 30% and the education establishment shall have stake of 10% while the student creating shall retain no less than 60% stake.

f. For children with development disorders or other disability impeding on their ability to learn with their peers, there shall exist special needs establishments with grade structure similar to one described in this part however shall have separate curriculum developed to needs of the students in such establishments and such establishments may be except from carrying out academic examinations should such dispensation be included in their accreditation certificate. Further details on this shall be as established by the ministry of education or by subsequent and specific legislation.

g. Curriculum for all educational establishments with exception of college which shall be as stated in appropriate section shall be as determined by an independent committee of experts consisting of academics and a child development psychiatrist established by ministry of education, such curriculum shall be developed in an manner to ensure maximization of academic ability and knowledge of the child. It shall be the duty of appropriate oversight committees to ensure these are being upheld.

h. Home schooling shall be permissible for all educational levels prior to higher secondary however such schooling shall be required to comply with all the regulations including curriculum and inspections that is faced by private school and students studying in such environment shall be required to complete all nationally mandated examinations facility for which shall be made available in nearby schooling establishment. Further the individual responsible for teaching in such structure shall be required to demonstrate to satisfaction of appropriate oversight body that they are qualified and have the time to provide same standard of education as if the child were in standard education establishment; such determination are not subject to appeals except by internal appeals mechanism in oversight body itself.

i. No educational establishment neither publicly funded nor privately funded shall prohibit student admission based on religion, gender, sexual orientation, race, marital status or disability except where such disability impairs the academic ability of the individual in question.

j. No educational establishment neither publicly funded nor privately funded shall mandate nor coerce either implicitly or explicitly, through official policy or through policies which can reasonably be expected to induce such mandate or coercion, its students to undertake ceremonies or make utter words or phrases that can be considered religious in nature by a reasonable person.

k. Where a child is undergoing education in territory not under jurisdiction of Calaverde and not following the educational framework outlined in this act, such child shall for purposes of this act be considered to be undergoing education at a level most closely comparable to the system as set up in this act. Nothing in this clause shall however be interpreted in a manner to mandate, encourage or discourage educational establishments in Calaverde or educational establishments following the educational framework outlined in this act to accept qualifications from such system unless in circumstances where appropriate oversight body has issued Calaverde equivalence to such system - in which case such issuance are to be honoured by the educational establishments.

l. Where extraordinary circumstances beyond control of the student and their family exists which require national examinations as specified in this part to be taken in territory not under jurisdiction of Calaverde, arrangements shall be made to undertake such examination at nearest Calaverde embassy or other diplomatic mission from Calaverde. Where such diplomatic mission has been established with the nation where student seeks to undertake the examination or due to circumstances beyond control of government of Calaverde such diplomatic mission can not supervise the examination, efforts shall be made to arrange examination to take place at local educational establishment of high standing. Any costs incurred to undertake examination at such locations beyond the cost of examination should it have taken place in Calaverde shall be payable to the government of Calaverde by the student or their family should the student be minor, however in extraordinary cases it shall be discretion of the government of Calaverde to wave such charges.

m. Schooling establishments providing up to and including secondary education shall have academic year starting from second Tuesday in month of September with four Tuesdays or third Tuesday in month of September with five Tuesdays, and ending in last Friday in month of May. There shall also be extended breaks during the academic year. Academic year for upper secondary education shall consist of two semesters lasting sixteen weeks each, first one of which shall start no earlier than third week of September and no later than fourth week of October. There shall also exist extended break between first and second semesters and between academic years duration of which shall be as determined by the educational establishment but shall be no less than four weeks and eight weeks respectively.

Part II - Universities

§1 - Establishment & Provisos of Universities

a. Universities may be established by any body or individual carrying charter for establishing numbered bodies to award bachelors, masters or doctorate degrees. In addition to such charters, such bodies or individuals may at discretion of the awarding body be granted with government funding charter which shall enable funding from the government as established in laws or other legal instruments subject to financial requirements set forth however no government funding charter shall be awarded to universities for providing doctorate. Establishments not entitled to or not taking funds from government shall be subject to other requirements set from in laws or legal instruments however shall not be subject to financial or student number constrains set forth by the government or laws. Such charters shall be granted by the president as per recommendation from the parliament or the government of Calaverde; the government of Calaverde shall further have permanent charter to establish infinite number of universities which shall be able to award bachelors, masters or doctorate degrees as well as permanent government funding charter for universities to provide bachelors and masters degrees, both of which are to be executed by the ministry of education or the prime minister on behest of the government of Calaverde.

b. Universities established by the government of Calaverde shall not be able to opt out of government funding.

c. All universities shall be able to set their own procedure for admissions, teaching procedure, curriculum and examinations provided these are disclosed in a manner which would be evident to reasonably diligent person prior to the application by the student and these do not discriminate against any individual based on their religion, gender, sexual orientation, race, marital status or disability except where such disability impairs the academic ability of the individual in question. Where such procedures are against public interest, and university has been given sufficient time and notice to alter such policies, any body which has authority to grant charter shall be able to withdraw charters granted to the university; such decision may be appealed by the university to appellate court where burden exists on the university to prove with clear and convincing evidence that policies raised by the awarding authority are in interest of educating the student and not against public interest or that the withdrawal was based on partisan reasons.

d. All universities shall unless otherwise prohibited by directives issued from ministry of education or the parliament for their low educational standards be enrolled in Calaverde Credit Transfer Program details of which shall be established at a latter date by appropriate legal instrument issued by government of Calaverde.

e. Universities who receive government funding for offering bachelors degree shall charge no more than US$10,000 per year of bachelors degree to national student while for every national student who were in top one percentage of students by overall percentage for higher secondary education in their year or student pursuing bachelors degrees on specific subjects as prescribed by ministry of education the university shall receive the remaining cost to the university for providing such degree for duration of a year by the government of Calaverde.

Where national student refers to any student who has citizenship of Calaverde or has otherwise resided in Calaverde for duration greater than three years for primary purpose other than education.

§2 - Funding

a. Students pursuing their first bachelors degree shall receive a grant to the full amount charged by the university in addition maintenance loan amount of which shall be no greater than US$9080 to allow students to provide living costs and the costs for the study materials. Should the student receive any grant as specified in clause b below, the loan amount shall be reduced by half dollar for every one dollar of maintenance grant student accepts.

i. The student is not a national student as defined for clause 1.e of this part,
ii. The student was in top one percentage of students nationally by overall percentage for higher secondary education in their year,
iii. The student is pursuing a bachelors degree on specific subject as prescribed by ministry of education and was in top five percentage of students by percentage in that subject for higher secondary education in their year, or
iv. The student has previously attempted but dropped out of the course prior to its completion shall have funding for the years where they received funding removed to no greater year than five years where it shall be as if they had competed their first degree for purposes of funding.

b. Where the student is unable to receive funding under clause a due to meeting sub-clause ii or iii however otherwise qualifies for loan under clause a, the student shall receive full funding as defined in clause a as a government grant which shall not need to be paid back. Further, all students who qualify for maintenance loan shall be entitled to discretionary maintenance grant to cover living costs and costs of study materials to amount which may be less than should circumstances merit such reduction however shall be no greater than US$2000 per annum; whilst students living away from home shall be entitled to additional grant to cover reasonable accommodation expenses amount of which may be less than but shall not be greater than US$3000 per annum. Upon discretion of the ministry of education, amounts specified in this clause may be altered by upto 10% without need for amendment to the bill.

c. Students pursuing their first masters degree shall receive loan to the twenty five percent of amount charged by the university in addition discretionary maintenance loan amount of which shall be no greater than US$2,270 to allow students to provide living costs and the costs for the study materials. Such funding shall not be provided if any of following conditions apply:

i. The student is not a national student as defined for clause 1.e of this part,
ii. The student was in top point two five percentage of students nationally by overall percentage in their modules throughout bachelors degree,
iii. The student has previously attempted but dropped out of the course prior to its completion shall have funding for the years where they received funding removed to no greater year than five years where it shall be as if they had competed their first degree for purposes of funding.

d. Where the student is unable to receive funding under clause c due to meeting sub-clause ii however otherwise qualifies for loan under clause g, the student shall receive full amount charged by university and US$9080 as a government grant which shall not need to be paid back.

e. Students of doctorates may apply directly to ministry of education for funding for their research or their degree and upon discretion of the ministry based upon their academic and other background in addition to merit in their research project the ministry may award discretionary loans with terms as with other loans specified in this section or other terms it may come to mutual agreement with the applicant or even a grant should the research project or candidate be of extraordinary merit.

f. All loans stated in this section shall be provided by wholly government owned corporation named Calaverde University Funds and shall be paid back in instalments equivalent to 9% of graduate's gross annual earnings minus the hundred and eighty five percentage of average annual earning for full time workers nationally, when the graduate starts earning hundred and eight five percentage of average annual earnings for full-time workers nationally. Interest rate at rate of inflation shall be incurred while the student is completing their bachelors, masters or doctorate degrees, while otherwise the interest rate of two percentage above rate of inflation shall be incurred. Should the graduate die, be diagnosed with terminal disease, through disability be permanently unable to work, or it has been thirty years since the student undertook the loan any outstanding balance on the loan shall be cancelled. The loan nor its cancellation shall appear in the graduate's credit report or other such reports relating to their income except where it is required for civil or criminal procedures through order of a competent court of legal standing.

§3 - General provisions

a. The government of Calaverde shall sign and honour the Convention on the Recognition of Qualifications concerning Higher Education in the European Region and this act shall ispo facto be considered sufficient for its ratification.

b. The courses provided by and structured in universities shall be developed to align itself with Bologna Process reforms notwithstanding any other clauses in this or subsequent legislations.

c. All universities shall support its students both financially and through policies to establish some form of student representative council to represent interests of their students in governance of the university. It shall further be the responsibility of the university to allow and enable such councils to be involved in and part of university's decision making process at highest levels.

d. Where university offers masters program which is integrated with their bachelors program in such a manner that student only enrols in such program once and receives qualification at end of the entire program, for purposes of funding it shall be considered as bachelors program.

e. Where student is unable to enter into bachelors education or require time to choose field of specialization to bachelors standard, university may at their discretion offer foundation course lasting which shall be funded for maximum of two years as if it were bachelors degree. For purposes of funding this shall be counted as one year of bachelors degree regardless of actual duration of the course.

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Chapter II - On Oversight Bodies

§1 - Educational Quality Assurance Commission (EQAC)

a. EQAC shall be responsible for oversight of all educational establishments with exception of universities, where individual oversight bodies are created by legislation and powers granted to such bodies conflict with ones ranted to EQAC the bodies specifically mentioned shall take precedence.

b. EQAC shall grant accreditation to educational establishments at its discretion so as to maximise the quality learning for the student unless there exists specific oversight bodies mentioned in legislation in which case recommendation made by such bodies shall always be granted accreditation by EQAC.

c. EQAC shall have authority to carry out spot checks of all educational establishments with exception of universities provided it has given the school with notice of no less than 24 hours or without notice should the establishment already be under special measures due to unsatisfactory performance in prior inspection or when there exists to satisfaction of ministry of education that there is need to carry out such check without notice.

d. EQAC shall unless specifically authorised to other bodies have authority to take actions against the educational establishments including but not limited to withdrawal of accreditation for consistent under performance or flaunting of the curriculum, directives or other legal instruments however such shall be highly extraordinary action where there exists pressing need to close the establishment or establishment refuses assistance - else EQAC shall work with the school to improve its standards.

e. Authority of EQAC shall extend to all educational establishments except universities unless specifically limited including but not limited to publicly funded educational establishment, privately established educational establishment and home-schools.

f. EQAC shall be chaired by chief inspector as appointed by ministry of education who shall subsequently appoint other officers and assistant inspectors.

g. There shall exist commission within EQAC for approving and inspecting apprenticeships chaired by a deputy inspector details of which shall be as established by EQAC itself or other legal instruments.

§2 - Legal instruments

a. Legal instruments shall include but shall not be limited to laws or ministerial orders introduced by ministry of education on behest of government of Calaverde or governmental orders introduced by government of Calaverde; provided such orders do not breach any established laws.

Just putting this forward for consideration, comments and sponsorships...

[Patria Magna]

This is just a stupid way to try and limit abortion as much as possible. We are going to legalise abortion, deal with it.

Murder should not be legalized in our nation.

[Ainin]

This is just a stupid way to try and limit abortion as much as possible. We are going to legalise abortion, deal with it.

Murder should not be legalized in our nation.

"Sir, please," noted Pierre. "Learn what murder is. You're making a fool out of yourself."

[Dragomerian Islands]

The Right to Life Act violates the implied repeal doctrine of the National Judiciary Act and would most likely be thrown out by the High Court of Appeals (or was it the Supreme Court) as unconstitutional.

There is nothing against it. Besides, by the implied repeal doctrine, it would repeal said doctrine from that act.

[Arkolon]

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The Unemployment Assistance Act
| Author: Geneviève Duflot (Geilinor, LDP) |
| Sponsors: Tony Blair (Dejanic, LDP)

An act to establish a system to assist unemployed workers, with a focus on the Ghent system, where labor unions play a significant role in the provision of benefits.

---

Article I - Definitions

I. Labor union - A voluntary association of employees that organizes to lobby for improved working conditions.
Article II
[blocktext]I. The right of labor unions to provide for a pool of unemployment insurance benefits and set the terms of contributions shall be affirmed.
II. A labor union, if it chooses to provide for unemployment benefits, must pay an amount equal to at least 70% of a displayed worker's previous monthly wages, up to a maximum of the national average full-time wage as calculated by the Ministry of Labor, for a minimum of six months.

---

Article III - State Unemployment Assistance

I. If a worker chooses to opt out of joining a union or the labor union which they are a member of does not provide for unemployment benefits, they may enroll in the State Unemployment Assistance Program, which the Ministry of Labor shall establish and administer.

II. Employees who are members of the State Unemployment Assistance Program shall have 3% of their monthly income deducted from their wages and paid to the State Unemployment Assistance Program.

III. The State Unemployment Assistance Program shall pay an amount equal to at least 70% of a displayed worker's previous monthly wages, up to a maximum of the national average full-time wage as calculated by the Ministry of Labor, for up to six months.

---

This isn't a proper Ghent system, as the market structure of the voluntary unemployment programs we want to let flourish is being determined almost wholly by the government's own 3%. As Quendi noted, this changes the reality of the system being put forward. I'd much prefer dealing with poverty first, establishing a living wage through income redistribution (negative taxes, benefits, and transfers), and then letting unions decide for unemployment subsidies by themselves. The point of the Ghent system is to make unions stronger; making the state option an attractive one totally ruins that goal.

[The Nihilistic view]

No it just treats people fairly. Coercing people to join something they don't want to if they want to survive is wrong.

[Arkolon]

No it just treats people fairly. Coercing people to join something they don't want to if they want to survive is wrong.

The reason we wanted a Ghent system is to empower the unions of Calaverde. The presented bill is so watered-down that it doesn't do that anymore. I also already said that we should tackle living conditions and poverty with the Ghent system, not just having the Ghent system on its own, so it would not be a question of survival. If you have ideological concerns with unions, there's always a private insurance company that would definitely offer these services, especially when it isn't handled by the state. It would probably be more expensive, sure, but we have to remember the point of the Ghent system. We didn't add it just because it's "fairer" or because things are necessarily always run better (even if, at times, it's very true..), we added it because we want stronger unions, setting the stage for that social market economy we've all been dreaming about.

[The Nihilistic view]

No it just treats people fairly. Coercing people to join something they don't want to if they want to survive is wrong.

The reason we wanted a Ghent system is to empower the unions of Calaverde. The presented bill is so watered-down that it doesn't do that anymore. I also already said that we should tackle living conditions and poverty with the Ghent system, not just having the Ghent system on its own, so it would not be a question of survival. If you have ideological concerns with unions, there's always a private insurance company that would definitely offer these services, especially when it isn't handled by the state. It would probably be more expensive, sure, but we have to remember the point of the Ghent system. We didn't add it just because it's "fairer" or because things are necessarily always run better (even if, at times, it's very true..), we added it because we want stronger unions, setting the stage for that social market economy we've all been dreaming about.

If people don't want to be in a union they should not have to be in one and there choice should not mean that if they lose there job they have to go into poverty. The whole point of a state is to create a equal safety net for all individuals and to do this the government must provide unemployment benefits of a decent standard.

[Ainin]

The Right to Life Act violates the implied repeal doctrine of the National Judiciary Act and would most likely be thrown out by the High Court of Appeals (or was it the Supreme Court) as unconstitutional.

There is nothing against it. Besides, by the implied repeal doctrine, it would repeal said doctrine from that act.

[Arkolon]

The reason we wanted a Ghent system is to empower the unions of Calaverde. The presented bill is so watered-down that it doesn't do that anymore. I also already said that we should tackle living conditions and poverty with the Ghent system, not just having the Ghent system on its own, so it would not be a question of survival. If you have ideological concerns with unions, there's always a private insurance company that would definitely offer these services, especially when it isn't handled by the state. It would probably be more expensive, sure, but we have to remember the point of the Ghent system. We didn't add it just because it's "fairer" or because things are necessarily always run better (even if, at times, it's very true..), we added it because we want stronger unions, setting the stage for that social market economy we've all been dreaming about.

If people don't want to be in a union they should not have to be in one and there choice should not mean that if they lose there job they have to go into poverty. The whole point of a state is to create a equal safety net for all individuals and to do this the government must provide unemployment benefits of a decent standard.

As I said, poverty shouldn't be a problem if the rest of the government's parties' platforms get passed. Privatising unemployment insurance for unions just makes unions more attractive.

[Argentarino]

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An Act to Apply to Join International and Regional Organizations

Author: Sen. Cristobal Araullo (Argentarino | LibDem)
Sponsors: Sen. Lucho Sanchez Hierro (Bandwagon | WA); Sen. Shadak Fantom (Great Nepal | LibDem); Sen. Tony Blair (Dejanic | LibDem); Pres. Eugenia Malgrave (Malgrave | DemLeft); Sen. Esteban García Fernández de Montijo y Palafox-Portocarrero (Quendi | LibDem)
An act to apply to the United Nations and all of the agencies under it, as well as other International and Regional Organizations.

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Purposes

• To join the United Nations (UN) and rejoin the international community;
• To ensure that Calaverde has a vote in the U.N. General Assembly;
• To ensure that the national interests of Calaverde are ensured through joining the UN and all of the U.N. agencies underneath it, including, but not limited to, the U.N. Human Rights Commission (UNHRC), the U.N. High Commission on Refugees (UNHCR), etc.
• To ensure that Calaverde is represented in the international community by joining other IOs such as the WHO, Red Cross, etc.
• To guarantee Calaverdean interests are promoted through involvement with regional organizations;

§ 1 - United Nations Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the United Nations for full membership, including membership in its agencies;

§ 2 - World Health Organization Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the World Health Organization (WHO) for full membership;

§ 3 - Red Cross Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the International Committee of the Red Cross;
b) The Republic shall also submit an application to for membership into the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies;

§ 4 - INTERPOL Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to INTERPOL for full membership;

§ 5 - Organization of American States (OAS) Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the OAS for full membership;

§ 6 - Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CLEACS) Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the CLEACS for full membership;

§ 7 - Latin American Parliament Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the Latin American Parliament for full membership;

§ 8 - Latin American Economic System (LAES) Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the LAES for full membership;

§ 9 - Rio Group Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the Rio Group for full membership;

[Bandwagon]

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An Act to Apply to Join the United Nations & Specialized UN Agencies

Author: Sen. Cristobal Araullo (Argentarino | LibDem)
Sponsors:
An act to apply to the United Nations and all of the organizations under it.

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Purposes

• To join the United Nations (UN) and rejoin the international community;
• To ensure that Calaverde has a vote in the U.N. General Assembly;
• To ensure that the national interests of Calaverde are ensured through joining the UN and all of the UN organizations underneath it, including, but not limited to the U.N. Human Rights Commission (UNHRC), the U.N. High Commission on Refugees (UNHCR), etc.

§ 1 - United Nations Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the United Nations for full membership;

It is a first draft, but I wanted to start with this before I do stuff like ratifying the NPT, joining the WHO, etc etc.

I sponsor this.

[Great Nepal]

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An Act to Apply to Join the United Nations & Specialized UN Agencies

Author: Sen. Cristobal Araullo (Argentarino | LibDem)
Sponsors:
An act to apply to the United Nations and all of the organizations under it.

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Purposes

• To join the United Nations (UN) and rejoin the international community;
• To ensure that Calaverde has a vote in the U.N. General Assembly;
• To ensure that the national interests of Calaverde are ensured through joining the UN and all of the UN organizations underneath it, including, but not limited to the U.N. Human Rights Commission (UNHRC), the U.N. High Commission on Refugees (UNHCR), etc.

§ 1 - United Nations Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the United Nations for full membership;

It is a first draft, but I wanted to start with this before I do stuff like ratifying the NPT, joining the WHO, etc etc.

I sponsor but really it would be better to include all main, non-controversial international organization in one bill - one set of sponsorships, one debate time and one voting time rather than several.

[Argentarino]

I sponsor but really it would be better to include all main, non-controversial international organization in one bill - one set of sponsorships, one debate time and one voting time rather than several.

Alright, I can edit that to include those organizations. Thank you for the sponsorship

[Bandwagon]

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An Act to Apply to Join the United Nations & Specialized UN Agencies

Author: Sen. Cristobal Araullo (Argentarino | LibDem)
Sponsors:
An act to apply to the United Nations and all of the organizations under it.

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Purposes

• To join the United Nations (UN) and rejoin the international community;
• To ensure that Calaverde has a vote in the U.N. General Assembly;
• To ensure that the national interests of Calaverde are ensured through joining the UN and all of the UN organizations underneath it, including, but not limited to the U.N. Human Rights Commission (UNHRC), the U.N. High Commission on Refugees (UNHCR), etc.

§ 1 - United Nations Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the United Nations for full membership;

It is a first draft, but I wanted to start with this before I do stuff like ratifying the NPT, joining the WHO, etc etc.

I sponsor but really it would be better to include all main, non-controversial international organization in one bill - one set of sponsorships, one debate time and one voting time rather than several.

Maybe include regional unions in the South America, Caribbean and The Americas as well as maybe the OECD or somebody like that. Would the bill already include the ICC? (That would be very useful in case Civil War broke out and atrocities were committed.)

[Argentarino]

Maybe include regional unions in the South America, Caribbean and The Americas as well as maybe the OECD or somebody like that. Would the bill already include the ICC? (That would be very useful in case Civil War broke out and atrocities were committed.)

I actually have begun including some regional organizations. Patience

As for the ICC, while I am staunchly for membership into the ICC and ICJ, I do think that it is a bit controversial and therefore that it may require some debate within the Senate and Cabinet. An application to join the ICC and ICJ will come at a later time in a separate bill.

[The Nihilistic view]

I sponsor but really it would be better to include all main, non-controversial international organization in one bill - one set of sponsorships, one debate time and one voting time rather than several.

Alright, I can edit that to include those organizations. Thank you for the sponsorship

I would not do that. Some might support one organisation and not another. So individually all bills might pass but shove them together and none might pass.

[Argentarino]

Alright, I can edit that to include those organizations. Thank you for the sponsorship

I would not do that. Some might support one organisation and not another. So individually all bills might pass but shove them together and none might pass.

I have chosen rather non controversial organizations. Is there really one here who would protest our joining with humanitarian organizations or ensuring that our Republic has a voice on the world stage?

I have edited the bill. I do suggest you all take a look. I will be happy to add other IOs, I just need to make sure that they are non controversial.

[Atlanticatia]

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State Revenue Administration Act

Author: Sen. Sebastián Luc Morales (Atlanticatia | DemLeft)
Sponsors: James Andrew Stuart (Arkanzia | DemLeft), Eugenia Malgrave (Malgrave | DemLeft), Nicolas Thoraval (Kralta | LDP), Regina Marino (Arkolon | LDP), Cristobal Araullo (Argentarino | LDP), Kennith Diaz (Lykens | LDP), (Heraklea-, WA)
An act to provide for the administration and collection of State revenue.

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Definitions

tax year - the fiscal year for which entities and individuals report and file taxes.

Purposes

• To set a framework for the collection of tax revenues.
• To set a framework for administration of tax collection and tax fraud investigation.
• To establish a system of national tax numbers.
• To set a framework for distribution of tax credits and tax refunds.

§ 1 - State Tax Office

a) The State Tax Office (STO) shall be established as an executive department of the Ministry of Finance.
b) The STO shall collect taxes from individuals, businesses, and other entities.
c) The STO shall handle all administration of revenue collection.
d) The STO shall handle all distribution of tax credits and refunds.
e) To administer revenue collection and tax credit payments, STO shall create a State Tax Number (STN) for every Calaverdean worker, taxpayer, and business.
f) The STO shall have funds appropriated to it to hire employees to administer the STO and to hire executives to manage the STO.
g) The STO shall investigate tax fraud and avoidance, in accordance with the Justice Ministry.

§ 2 - State Tax Number

a) All registered businesses, paid employees, contractors, and workers, and any other individuals or entities that receive income (both earned and unearned) must have a State Tax Number.
b) All legal residents and registered businesses who have the right to work or be in business, respectively, are entitled to a State Tax Number.
c) The State Tax Office shall create an STN for all of the aforementioned groups in §2-a.
d) Groups mentioned in §2-a must get an STN from the State Tax Office in order to be employed, open for business, and earning income.
e) Employers must have an STN for any person they pay wages or salaries to in order to employ them.
f) The formula for creating the STNs shall be developed by the State Tax Office, and must be a random string of numbers.

§ 3 - Tax Collection from Individual Employees

a) People employed by a firm, not as a contractor, shall have personal income and social taxes deducted from their wages or salaries by their employer, via a "Pay As You Earn" (PAYE) system.

i.) Individuals shall be automatically enrolled in the PAYE system.

b) Individuals shall also have the right to pay their tax liability in a lump-sum at the end of the year.
c) The STO shall devise a framework for administering this system.

§ 3 - Tax Collection from other Income-Earning Individuals

a) Individuals who earn income, not as employees of a firm, must pay applicable taxes by filing an annual tax return with the STO.
b) Individuals shall have the right to pay tax on a quarterly basis or annual basis.
c) The STO shall devise a framework for administering this system.

§ 4 - Tax Collection From Private Entities

a) Private entities, such as businesses, must pay applicable taxes by filing an annual tax return with the STO.
b) The STO shall devise a framework for administering this system.

§ 5 - The Tax Year

a) The 'tax year' shall run from the 1st of January to the 31st December.
b) Tax returns must be filed with the STO by the 15th of April.

Putting this here, anyone want to sponsor, comment, etc?

[Bandwagon]

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An Act to Apply to Join International and Regional Organizations

Author: Sen. Cristobal Araullo (Argentarino | LibDem)
Sponsors: Sen. Lucho Sanchez Hierro (Bandwagon | WA); Sen. Shadak Fantom (Great Nepal | LibDem); Sen. Tony Blair (Dejanic | LibDem);
An act to apply to the United Nations and all of the agencies under it, as well as other International and Regional Organizations.

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Purposes

• To join the United Nations (UN) and rejoin the international community;
• To ensure that Calaverde has a vote in the U.N. General Assembly;
• To ensure that the national interests of Calaverde are ensured through joining the UN and all of the U.N. agencies underneath it, including, but not limited to, the U.N. Human Rights Commission (UNHRC), the U.N. High Commission on Refugees (UNHCR), etc.
• To ensure that Calaverde is represented in the international community by joining other IOs such as the WHO, Red Cross, etc.
• To guarantee Calaverdean interests are promoted through involvement with regional organizations;

§ 1 - United Nations Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the United Nations for full membership, including membership in its agencies;

§ 2 - World Health Organization Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the World Health Organization (WHO) for full membership;

§ 3 - Red Cross Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the International Committee of the Red Cross;
b) The Republic shall also submit an application to for membership into the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies;

§ 4 - INTERPOL Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to INTERPOL for full membership;

§ 5 - Organization of American States (OAS) Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the OAS for full membership;

§ 6 - Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CLEACS) Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the CLEACS for full membership;

§ 7 - Latin American Parliament Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the Latin American Parliament for full membership;

§ 8 - Latin American Economic System (LAES) Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the LAES for full membership;

§ 9 - Rio Group Application

a) The Republic of Calaverde shall, upon passage of this act, immediately submit an application to the Rio Group for full membership;

What about Caricom?