Santiago International Defense University [CLOSED]

by **Axis Alliance** » Sat Aug 02, 2014 10:20 am

This thread has been decommissioned and is no longer in use.
Visit us here.

SANTIAGO INTERNATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY

Est since 1882

Ammat Victoria Curam

SACTO OFFICIAL THREAD | REGISTRATIONS | PROGRAMS AND COURSE MATERIALS | PUBLICATIONS | MORE INFO

INTRODUCTION

Welcome,

This is the SACTO (Santiago Anti Communist Treaty Organization) institute of higher learning center dedicated for the advancement of defense studies and also military science. Since its inception in the year 1882, and initially established for the Cuscatlanian military, the Santiago Military Academy had developed for the purpose of serving and training students and soldiers in the Axis Alliance.

At the present, the Academy is divided into three distinct division; the first division is designed to train Officer Cadets from all active member states of Axis Alliance, where students enrolled in a 4 years military training and tertiary level education, when upon commissioning they will be awarded Bachelors Degree and also a commission in the Axis Armed Forces.

The second division is open to senior active serving military members of the Axis, where Santiago Military Academy offers further studies in advance military science and also opportunity to complete Axis standardized Armed Forces Command and Staff program.

Third and finally, is the Axis Alliance's research and development think tank division, designed specifically for the advancement of military science and warfare studies, where strategist, researchers and military leader from across the Axis Alliance band together in SMA to prepare every nations for future conflict and wars either through formulating a new joint doctrine or developing a new weapons platform.

University Facility

MISSION AND VISION

Here in Santiago Military Academy, our 'Out Out Character' [OOC] missions & visions are:

To provide a world class military education to all members of the Santiago Military Academy based from Real Life experience/ doctrine or training by educating roleplayers with proper military knowledge.
~
To assist in achieving Axis Alliance goal to create an exclusive and a premier military realism roleplay group in NationStates for as long as this alliance is in active operation.
~
To provide a platform for military related discussion for NationStates roleplayer in the Axis Alliance in order to maintain, build and further our military skills and knowledge.
~
To help improve and promote a realistic and high quality roleplaying environment throughout NationStates and International Incident sub forum.

"Serve to Lead; Strife for Excellence"

RULES AND REGULATIONS

This thread is open to members of the SACTO Alliance and authorized roleplayer only. (If you are not a member but wishing to participate please convey a message to members of the Axis.
Standard NS rules shall applies at all time without failure.
This thread is both an In Character roleplay and an OOC roleplaying community platform.
The rights on all materials published as part of this roleplay community belongs to the respective members, and Axis do not allow any external user to publish our publication in whole or in part of without prior consultation and permission. Plagiarism is as bad as the communist bastard we're trying to fight in our RP! Otherwise, feel free to read our materials.

by **Axis Alliance** » Sat Aug 02, 2014 10:43 am

THE ESSENTIALS OF SANTIAGO MILITARY ACADEMY

Q: I am here, now what?

Well, please look around, read through our lectures to learn more on specific trades and skills. Join the discussion, asked questions on topics and lectures.

Q: How can I participate in this Academy?

By reading our lectures you are already a participant. Of course, if you wish to participate as a contributor you can fill the application form as a lecturer and you can start writing your own materials.

Q: Wait, is this Academy conducted IC-ly or OOC-ly?

Well basically this thread is conducted OOC-ly.

Q: How does this 'academy' functions actually? What is the main concept?

At this moment, this Academy is being conducted as an open lecture/seminar concept, where members of the Axis contributes materials on military science for everyone in Axis and also NS. In the future, if we have more interest a character based roleplay for the Officer Cadet Program shall be opened. This academy, like the Axis, is based upon a 'sandbox' concept which can be remodelled, transform or modified later on based on future needs.

Q: I am not a member of the Axis, can I still participate in this Academy?

All non Axis members are free to browse around. The materials provided here are accessible to all NationStates users. If you wish to join a discussion or ask a question, you can always submit a telegram to our members and contributors.

Q: Hey, this looks like a roleplay version of the NS Military Realism Consultation Thread!

Well thank you. Our ultimate goal is to present an alternate version of that community here. Like that community, Axis Alliance is another roleplaying community trying to create a realistic military roleplay environment. We aspire to become a high quality roleplay team and also one of the most prestigious In-Character military alliance.

Q: I have a suggestion! To whom do I refer to?

Feel free to refer to any members, or you can post in this thread too.

Q: Where did you get your materials?

Some of us are avid reader when it comes to military science, so most of our knowledge come from open sources such as library, the internet and other publications. Also, some of us do have RL military experience so that does help a lot in establishing this. As for some materials, we do established them from scratch.

by **Axis Alliance** » Sat Aug 02, 2014 10:44 am

For Axis members who are interested in presenting a seminar/lecture on military topics.

APPLICATION AS STUDENTS

(Application for this section is closed until further notice)

APPLICATION AS LECTURERS/CONTRIBUTORS

Code: Select all: [box][size=120][b]SANTIAGO MILITARY ACADEMY[/b][/size][hr][/hr] [b]Nation's Name:[/b] [b]Lecturer's Name (Optional):[/b] [b]Lecturer's Background [/b](Optional): [b]Programs:[/b] [b]Topic:[/b] [b]Title(s):[/b] [b]Course/Program Descriptions[/b]: [b]Difficulty Level[/b]: [b]Intended Audience[/b]:[size=85](e.g: School Children, Mature Reader, Those with Basic Military Training)[/size] [b]Abstract:[/b][/box]

GUIDELINES FOR CONTRIBUTING MEMBERS

Good academic writing, especially on grammatical aspect.
Proofread, revise, edit and more revision before final publication.
Once submitted, an applicants and materials provided will be subjected to review and evaluation.
Further expansion, edition, rewrite or review shall be conducted to all existing course materials to ensure good quality.

CONTRIBUTING MEMBERS

WORK OPENING/ OPPORTUNITY

Santiago Military Academy is looking for able tutor for the following field:

Ground Warfare
Aerial Warfare
Naval Warfare
Electronic and Cyber Warfare
Military Technology

If you are interested, please submit your CV to the Academy.

by **Axis Alliance** » Sat Aug 02, 2014 11:12 am

This list in the complete courses/lectures offered here, but it will be updated regularly once a material is ready for publication, for now the following list are what has been planned in this academy.

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS PROGRAM by AEYARISS

Introduction to International Relations
National Defence Policy

THEORIES OF WAR

"The Changing Nature of Warfare" by Aeyariss(WIP)
"4th Generation Warfare - When Insurgents Knock At Your Door" by El Cuscatlan

BASIC CONCEPTS & COMMAND PROCEDURES

"Combat Order - Planing the Operation" by El Cuscatlan
"Introduction to communications" by El Cuscatlan
"SITREP" by El Cuscatlan
"MEDEVAC" by El Cuscatlan

GROUND WARFARE PROGRAM

Topics: General

"Basic Ground Force Manoeuvres" by El Cuscatlan

Topics: Infantry

"Infantry for Dummies!" by Aeyariss(WIP)
"Basic Map Reading, Land Navigation and Military Terrain Analysis" by Aeyariss(WIP)
"Introduction to Infantry Fire Team, Squad and Platoon" by Aeyariss(WIP)

Topics: Counter Insurgency

"4th Generation Counterinsurgency" by El Cuscatlan(WIP
"Advanced Counter Insurgency Battalion structure and operations" by El Cuscatlan(WIP)

NAVAL WARFARE PROGRAM

AERIAL WARFARE PROGRAM

Anti Satellite Warfare by Inyourfaceistan

ELECTRONIC AND CYBER WARFARE PROGRAM

MILITARY TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM

MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY PROGRAM

PSYOP BASICS by El Cuscatlan

ARMIES OF THE WORLD PROGRAM

Cuscatlani mechanized platoon and group by El Cuscatlan
Aeyariss infantry rifle platoon by Aeyariss
Riysan mechanized infantry by Riysa

MISCELLANEOUS PROGRAM

by **Axis Alliance** » Sat Aug 02, 2014 11:13 am

CURRENT AXIS OPERATIONAL DOCTRINE

Axis military doctrine draws deep from thought of Martinezist commanders, especially Raul Martinez, Baltasar Tojo, Salvador Velasquez, Carlos Rader, Augusto Moraels, Fidel Aliva and Raul Franco. This group of Cuscatlani commanders formulated military theory which soon begun to spread on whole Axis, teaching them laws of war as much as possible. Basic concepts used by Axis commanders are: correlation of Forces and national war.

Correlation of Forces is concept derived from Martinezist thought. Martinez believes that in the world there is constant fight between “Satanic forces of Socialism” and “Freedom loving nations”, which will be ultimately resolved in favor of “freedom loving nations”. This concept is continuation of National Politics. For non- Martinezist nations war is when diplomacy fails, for Martinez, and later Axis commanders – least desired option in ensuring victory over socialism.

National War is concept in which in case of enemy attack on Axis nation there will be no surrender, and whole society will be motivated to fight against the enemy as much as they can. It means that army and society will fight as one to repeal the enemy threat.

Axis military doctrine is officially accepted system which dictates whole system from national defense policy to squad tactics. It is well defined system of thought. Axis commanders are familiar with whole system, and usually know it’s sources which consist of:

- Reactionary ideologies ( Martinezism, Asignism, Capitalism)
- Axis foreign policy
- Economic and military strength of enemy
- Own resources and geography
- History
- Science and technology

Following concepts adhere to Axis military thought:

- Military science: is study and analysis of war. Unlike doctrine, Military science develops concepts and emphasizes debate, several points of view, diverse problems and theories to explain ongoing warfare – connected problems.

- Military art: is most important field within military science, focusing on strategy. It is basically theory and practice of conducting the armed conflict. The principles of military art are used as guide when it comes to operational art and below. It has three levels: strategic, operational and tactical.

These concepts are key to Axis doctrine. Many Axis commanders hold high degrees in Military science ( Mostly at Santiago Military Academy ) and exercise it in the field. Through this structure and concepts Axis commanders are trying to resolve military problems which arise in front of them. Axis commanders believe in “hierarchic victory chain” – strategy dictates everything, making Axis commanders more adaptable in the battlefield.

It is often difficult to separate tactics from operational art because of belief that good tactic grant operational success. Goal of tactics is to maneuver within “Operational” objectives of groupings and fronts.

Basic principles of military art are:

- Accomplishment of strategic goal under any conditions as soon as possible ( quick war )
- Achieve surprise and seize initiative as many times as possible.
- Make full use of all available means
- Ensure coordination between various branches of military
- Select principal objective and best routes to seize it.
- Command and control
- Determination and decisiveness in achieving the goal
- Strategic, operational and tactical security
- Reconstitute reserves ASAP.

Laws of war by Martinez:

"First Law: The course and outcome of war waged with unlimited employment of all means of conflict depends primarily on the correlation of available, strictly military combatants at the beginning of war ...
Second Law: The course and outcome of war depend on the correlation of the military potentials of the combatants.
Third Law: The course and outcome of war depend on its political content.
Fourth Law: The course and outcome of war depend on the correlation of moral-political and psychological capabilities of the peoples and armies of the combatants.
Fifth Law: The course and outcome of war depend on correlation of tactics used by each combatant. "

- Raul Martinez, The Strategian

Preparation for was, as well as feeling that war is inventible is dominant in the Axis.

"The preparation of a nation for war is accomplished along three main lines:
• the preparation of the armed forces,
• the preparation of the national economy,
• and the preparation of the population."

- Raul Martinez, The Strategian

The laws of war dominate Axis strategic thinking. Popular commanders see it as “objective, offensive, surprise, maneuver, and mass”. The military principles arose from old Martinezist operational art, and are:

- Numerical superiority and concentration in key efforts helps greatly
- Destruction of enemy is key, rather than holding terrain
- Detailed preparation and deception must precede the attack
- Dictating the enemy how and when to fight
- Focus on enemy’ s weak points

Classification of the military actions:

OFFENSE
• Attack Against a Defending Enemy
• Attack from the March
• Attack from a Position in Direct Contact
• Meeting Engagement (enemy is also on
offense)
• Pursuit (enemy is withdrawing)
DEFENSE
• Hasty Defense
• Prepared Defense
• Withdrawal

Principles of war:

I. Mass and dispersion:
1. Concentrate combat power at the decisive time and place.
2. Weight the main effort, attack with at least twice the defenders combat power.
3. Assign the main effort a narrow front and disperse the supporting effort over a wide
front, in order to hold and deceive the enemy, as well as to reduce losses from high
casualty producing weapons.
4. Maximize terrain and consider the deception operation when dispersing.
5. Avoid excessive concentration and indiscriminate dispersion.

II. Surprise attack
1. Utilize inclement weather, hours of darkness and rugged terrain.
2. Develop clever deception plan and employ skilled infiltration units.
3. Conduct parachute and air assault operations.
4. Mass fires.
5. Quickly concentrate at the decisive area.
6. Employ large scale mechanized units.

III. Increase manoeuvrability
1. Employ both ground and air transportation assets to quickly maneuver infantry, artillery and armour on the battlefield.
2. Utilize existing high-speed road networks.
3. Conduct night moves and utilize minor roads and steep terrain to maneuver stealthily.
4. Hasten mobility by conducting raids and employing special operation force team.
5. Emphasize manoeuvrability as a basic element of combat power.

IV. Cunningness
1. Consider tactical cunning when employing combat troops.
2. Leaders exploiting the initiative.
3. Proactive aggressiveness.
4. Bold and perceptive leadership, no hesitation.
5. Close-held, perfect comprehensive plans.
6. Fast estimates and bold operations that facilitate a quick decisive war.

V. Secure secrets
1. Reconnaissance activities and security countermeasures.
2. Complete camouflage.
3. Clever deceptions and stratagem.
4. Counter-intelligence activities.
5. Conduct operations in darkness and inclement weather.

The attack in depth was response of Cuscatlani army to increased fire-power of Artillery systems. Enemy fire support begun to be one of major targets alongside the way of advance. With improved mobility of Axis forces theorists from Santiago military Academy concluded that Simultaneous attack on both enemy’s front and rear will be able to neutralize the threat. Alongside the enemy supporting arms targets are command and control and communication structures, which are attempted to be broken and destroyed, leaving enemy leaderless. The execution of quick and aggressive action requires good coordination between tank, air and light infantry formations. As consequence requirement for good Command and control increased rapidly. To achieve the goal the units have to exercise great manoeuvrability, aggressiveness and flexibility.
Echeloning formations followed. Size of echelons depends on enemy strength, but the goals are:

• First echelon: attack and penetration of enemy’ s tactical defences

• Second echelon: attack on enemy’s rear

When the enemy was understrength, to break his quickly second echelon will take form of Mobile group made of tank and mechanized formations. This huge raiding force has goal to assist in breaking the defences and then take out enemy’s rear. Their speed is the key. Important units are also massive SOF units, which have to cause disorganization behind the front-line. OMG stands for Operational Maneuver group, another type of unit used. OMG Is to to support operational goals.

Axis commander develops force for attack on procedure similar to METT-TC ( Mission, Enemy, Terrain, Troops, Time, Civilians ). He assesses this factors and constructs plan on it.

Goals of the first echelon:
1. Penetrate the defences
2. Continue the attack

Goals of the second echelon:
1. Exploit the success of first echelon
2. Pursuit
3. Destroy bypassed enemy
4. Reinforce first echelon when needed

Regardless of situation, main goal is to carry the battle to enemy’s rear and preferably capture ( NOT DESTROY ) his infrastructure. To achieve this, concept of Massing is used. Massing stands for focusing and dispersing forces in such way to achieve at least 3;1 numerical superiority.
Military norms are system of norms used to assess the victory conditions.

• The need for rapid concentration and dispersal of combat power on the modem battlefield.
• The rejection of the classic "breakthrough" achieved by massed forces.
• The need to attack on multiple axes.
• The lack of a continuous front.
• The exploitation of weak points in an enemy defense.
• Swift transfer of combat power from one point to another on the battlefield.
• The achievement of Surprises.
• Speed in the attack.
• Independent action by commanders.
• The need to carry the battle deep into the enemy rear.

by **Axis Alliance** » Sat Aug 02, 2014 11:13 am

TACTICAL SYMBOLS

RED is used to pinpoint our troops, as well as areas of fire regardless by whom the areas are created.

BLUE is used to refer to enemy troops, objectives. It also can refer to flooding zones, regardless of whom they are created.

BLACK is used when referring to our supporting arms, CBRN defence troops, special forces and their objectives.

BROWN is for drawing roads, railroads and routes through which troops can march.

GREEN is used to indicate zone struck by Nuclear or radiological weapon.

YELLOW is used when referring to viral or chemical contamination.

Regiment command post. Can be either CP (Command Post) or RCP (rear command post ) - this meaning should be placed below the flag. Inside the flag should be placed marking of regiment.

Battalion command post. Can be in motion. Near it should be placed Mark of battalion / mark of Regiment (EXAMPLE: 1st Bn / 1st MTR RG)

ABOVE: Company command post - stationary.

BELOW: Company command vehicle.

Platoon commander has one dash.

Traffic regulation post (checkpoint).

Control technical point

Radio. 306 - stamp receiver.

Radio station. 1-movable, 2 carry. 3- tank

The mobile relay station.

Radar station:

ABOVE; Air

BELOW; Naval/Ground

Wearable radio stations.

Troop column. Three dashes battalion, two company, one platoon. BELOW: mechanized column. Place unit marking above.

Support units march. BELOW: Artillery column.

Recoanissance units march. BELOW: Combat recon patrol.

Unit in ambush.

Area occupied by the unit. Put unit markings in the middle of the circle. Letter F - false area. If the lines are broken, Area is slated to be occupied by this unit.

Task line, indicating unit's direction towards the task.

Infantry battalion, Mechanized battalion in battle array.

Infantry division, Mechanized infantry division in battle array.

MG platoon and tank platoon.

Probable meeting line with the enemy.

Starting line

Deployment of battalion into battle arrays.

by **Axis Alliance** » Sat Aug 02, 2014 11:14 am

Reserved Space II

by **Axis Alliance** » Sat Aug 02, 2014 11:16 am

Reserved Space III

by **Aeyariss** » Sat Aug 02, 2014 11:23 am

The Axis Academy is hereby open for operations!

by **El Cuscatlan** » Sat Aug 02, 2014 4:24 pm

COMORD - PLANING THE OPERATION

COMORD - COMBAT ORDER: is SACTO equivalent of Operational Order (OPORD) used by NATO armies. Issued to units prior to combat actions, is generally the same format of thought in each SACTO force.

COMORD sturcutre:

1. Orientation points.
2. Terrain
3. Enemy
4. Own forces
5. Mission
6. Orders:
7. Location of command
8. Succession of command

Key points of COMORD:

1. Orientation points.

Each unit needs a point of orientation, to which they should adhere during navigation. Command should set this points at the beginning, allowing the units to adhere to them during planing manoeuvre for each unit.

2. Terrain

Terrain has big influence on warfare. During description of terrain, remember to include everything: weather, shape of the space, presence of human structures. Key factors are if terrain is open or allows cover.

3. Enemy

Describe strength, disposition, current and past locations, armaments and what is more important, estimated plans and intentions of the enemy.

4. Own forces

Describe location strength of own forces taking part in the operation.

5. Mission

Describe goal of the action. Objective must be always well defined and set, because it is strategy what dictates tactics.

6. Oders

a) Sub ordinate units: describe tasks and orders given to major combat units which will take part in operation (being on front-line )

b) Artillery and other units: describe tasks given to supporting arms during the operation.

c) CRBN defence units: Describe tasks of units having countermeasures for weapons of mass destruction.

d) Tasks to logistic units: describe tasks given to logistic units.

e) Readiness time: describe time in which each unit will have to begin operation.

f) Signals: describe signals used to order execution of operational goals by each unit

7. Location of commander:

Describe location of commander and command post

8. Succession of command:

Describe what happens when commander is unable to continue his tasks ( who shall take control ).

by **El Cuscatlan** » Sat Aug 02, 2014 8:22 pm

NAVAL OPERATIONAL WARFARE
Except from Military conference preceding Exercise Southern Tigers

Admiral Carlos Rader:

“ Thank you, gentlemen, for arriving here. I am first to discuss things here. First, I would like to define Naval Operational warfare. Naval Operational warfare is guided by no different principles by other areas of operational art, but they must be applied to the warfare at sea.

Modern operational art has been born during the Napoleonic revolution in warfare. Since demographical rise and more efficient economies, one battle is not enough to fully achieve strategic objective of the war.

Military Operation is a combat carried in given time and place to achieve strategic goal and involves several battles requiring an application of principles and coordination.

Battle is a combat carried by tactical formations to achieve tactical principles – most important of them are operational art.
The naval operational art is combining together battles, strikes, maneuvers, engagements, recon, and formations to achieve strategic goal under single plan and by means of combined arms.”

Here Carlos took a drink of water and continued:

“ What are the goals of naval operation?
1. Disrupt of enemy sea lines of communication ( SLOC)
2. Protect own bases and SLOCs
3. Defeat enemy forces in Blue water area, green water area and brown water area
4. Deny the enemy use of sea
5. Destroy enemy Carrier Groupings
6. Destroy enemy ASW forces
7. Destroy enemy missile submarines before they can launch missiles.

Having known the goals, we established system of principles to achieve this goals:

1. High Tempo of combat operations and mobility
2. Superiority of forces and means on main axis of operation (AOO)
3. Surprise
4. Energy and motivation in combat
5. Preservation of friendly forces
6. Adjusting the plan to the local situation
7. Coordination

There are also five principles which apply directly to naval battle:

1. Combat readiness
2. Surprise
3. Combined action
4. Maneuver
5. Massing ( strikes in form of combined action )

In the naval operation, we have different types of actions conducted by friendly naval forces. Some of them are listed below:

1. The battle
2. The Encounter
3. The engagement
4. The recon
5. The strike
6. The maneuver

All of them, under specified period of time and space, combined together are important parts of Naval Operation.

The number three is important. Tactics, according to our definition, is a way of conducting of an engagement. The battle is compromised of tactical engagements and strikes. The operational art, as defined by Admiral Salvador Velasquez, is stirring together strikes ( missile strikes, torpedo in naval situation ) and engagements to achieve strategic goal.”

Carlos paused for a bit and continued:

“Armed with a definition of operation, we may begin discussing the operational art. Operational art is the way of conducting operations. Each operation should follow a list of principles based on general military operational art, which we want to apply:
1. Readiness
2. Surprise
3. Use of all assets
4. Coordination of different forces
5. Focus on main Axis of operation (AOO)
6. Attacking in full depth
7. Political – military factors ( achieving a political victory with military factors )
8. Command and control of the units
9. Resolving ongoing problems
10. Rear organization and reserves

Sun Tzu said “the art of war is based on deception”. And this is a principle we want to add here. Deception plays important role in the defeating of enemy in every theatre The main goal is, as Velasquez said “ choosing the means, ways and time to attack that enemy won’ t be prepared for them.

Operational Camouflage ( OCa ) means camouflaging the forces and invisibility to the enemy, while . Operational Cunningness ( OCu) is the art of cunningness and trickery.”

Carlos paused for another time:

“ What are the methods of achieving OCa?
1. Deception of the enemy
- Strategic misinformation
- Tactical camouflage
- Feints
2. Stimulation of force through various friendly targets
3. Concealment of operations
4. Employing methods unknown to the enemy
5. Choice of time and axis
6. Speed and maneuver

TJMA – is the theatre of joint military actions, a place where we want to apply force. To achieve it, we are using principle of massing – the concentration of every possible effort on strategic place. “

Here Rader looked proudly on the listeners:

“ Characteristics of warfare at sea:

- Terrain
1. Unrestricted movement of ships in the fluid.
2. No cover for surface vessels
3. Unobstructed fields of fire
- Weapons
1. High compact and value of weapons
2. Catastrophic hit effects
3. Cover that the water give sub surface vessels
- Tactical
1. Growing range and accuracy of naval weapons
2. Hiding is impossible on surface
3. Electronic camouflage plays crucial role
4. Sensitivity of ships

Nature of warfare at sea consists on several factors:

- Decisiveness
- Spatial Scope
- Dynamic mature
- Combined forces
- Massed employment of forces
- Electronic warfare
- Complex coordination.

The concentration, or focus, is achieved by attacks against strongest targets, which we define as HVU ( high value units ). And what is the most important, unlike on the ground, defence has not to hold the terrain. In every weaker vs stronger navy the weaker navy will be driven into coastal area.

Deployment and re-depolymen may take place in hostile waters, defined as hostile terrain. Fleets also use diverse weapon systems and some naval forces operate in sub – surface area. To plan such operation, we also have to take the scope into consideration, with even increasing range of missile systems. Modern fleet may be attacked from range of 1100 km. To counter such attack, we should be present in air, surface, sub surface and cyberspace.

by **El Cuscatlan** » Sat Aug 02, 2014 8:24 pm

BASIC AXIS NAVAL - COMMANDER

by **El Cuscatlan** » Sat Aug 02, 2014 8:41 pm

BASIC GROUND FORCE MANOEUVRES

1. Penetration
Penetration maneuver is executed by first echelon of Axis forces and is usually division level maneuver. It’s goal is to establish maneuver corridor ( 2-3km minimum ) to allow second echelon to pass and accomplish it’s objectives ( destruction of enemy’s rear structures ). Then first echelon established defensive line alongside forward slope, while rest of forces continue advance into rear area.
To accomplish the goal, 50-80 tubes of artillery is allocated on each attacking kilometer before the attack.

2. Thrust
This tactic is used for attacking strong points with small force. Like chopping the wood with wedge that small force chops through the enemy’s position. One pierced, there are three possible situations It is generally battalion or regiment level operation assisted by three attacking units, which have to help first “wave” after it breaks through. :
a. Continue the attack by striking flank or rear
b. Turn maneuver
c. Besetment maneuver

3. Turn
The purpose of turn is to establish the positions on enemy’s rear to encircle him. It is accomplished by maneuvering small forces through gaps in enemy’s units, using rough terrain and weather. In absence of gaps turn may be used after gap was created by larger force.

4. Holding
Holding maneuver is form of attack involving dispersion of forces, with intent to of deceiving the enemy. It is basis for a feint or demonstration while other unit conducts a thrust through enemy lines. Used generally by divisions.

5. Infiltration
Infiltration is done usually by 1/3 of the forces used by Axis generals. It’s purpose is to smuggle the units through enemy lines unseen and attack positions on enemy’s rear. Using 1/3 of the unit, infantry commanders can stealthily maneuver them through the enemy lines and attack command posts and other objectives within their area of operations (AO).

6. Besetment/double envelopment
It is attempt to inflict maximal causalities on enemy forces, double envelopment is used. It serves as simultaneous attack on the enemy from both flanks and front, preventing his disengagement or reconstruction and forcing him to divide his forces. Four types of besetment include:
a. Front and one flank
b. Front and two flanks
c. Front and the rear
d. All four sides at once

7. Encirclement
Major goal of each operation, Axis commanders believe that encirclement is the key to victory. Encirclement is when the own forces surround the enemy forces, limiting it the capability to maneuver. Types include:

1. Partitioned Destruction:
2. Compressed Destruction:
3. Fire Power Destruction:
4. Raid Destruction:

by **Aeyariss** » Sun Aug 03, 2014 10:21 pm

INFANTRY FOR DUMMIES

Essentials of Infantry in Conventional War Roleplays

(Adapted for NationStates suitability)

INTRODUCTION

Infantry, known as the 'boots on the ground', 'grunts', and sometimes 'cannon fodder' is one of - if not - the most important component of a modern military. It has been argued that in a conventional war between two states, two combatants can test the strength of their jets, warships, missiles, but in the end the war is won on the ground by the infantry; this is certainly true in the Vietnam War, Falklands War, European campaigns of Great Wars 1914-1945, and perhaps with the only exception was the in the Pacific campaign, where two nuclear bombs effectively forced the Japanese to surrender. The infantry engaged in the actual combat against the enemies, bearing the brunt of the battlefields, and suffered casualties far greater than any other combat arms of the military and often subjected to harsh environment and extreme discomfort and fatigue while serving on the frontlines or during peacetime combat training.

In NationStates, writers and role players usually depicted the infantry and fire fights in a fast paced scenario, or merely as part of larger units on the frontlines, while in doing so, made the mistakes of sidelining several important aspects of the infantry fighting on the ground such as the capabilities and limitation of a soldier, without proper understanding on how the army from large formation down to the individual infantry functions. This work however is designed to help inexperienced players to gain better understanding of the infantry specifically in hope that players are able to learn something new and help increase the overall military realism in good roleplays. This precise is written in several chapters which in turn will be divided into several parts.

CHAPTER 1

Nature of the Infantry

In every military, infantry is a specialized combat arm in the army or marine. Infantry is also known as the riflemen, and is primarily responsible to 'close in, engage and destroy the enemies by using small arms or other support weapons', engaging in defensive or offensive operations, and completing other task or chores as required by the command authority in order to achieve the overall strategic mission in the ensuing war/battles. Infantry can be organized and administered into different units ranging from small tactical fire team to operational level infantry regiment. (More on infantry organization to be published later on). Infantry units are led by Non Commissioned Officers (NCO) who in turned are being commanded by Officers Corps.

In the military, infantry is a Military Occupational Skills, and it is a class that separated the infantry rest of the soldiers in the army. All personnel in an army may be called a 'soldier' but it can be argued that not all 'soldier' are good infantry. In an all-volunteer professional army, the infantry units trained harder; physically fitter than other branches of the army and have more demanding missions or role as front line soldiers.

Soldiers serving in a rifle/infantry units sees themselves as a special warrior class, and are usually and somehow fanatically proud of their status of being a 'grunt' and sees other soldiers as lesser to them and often used derogatory terms such as POG (Persons Other Than Grunt) to refer to non-combat line soldiers.

Of course, the same sense of pride applies to the layers of infantry based society in the military, just as the infantry fancies themselves as a more tougher breed, the infantries in an airborne unit or special operations forces are proud with their sense of hierarchy and consider the regular infantry units as lesser compared to them.

When deployed, infantry unit fights along other combat arms of the military, either with fellow combat arm cousins in the armor, or working separately but closely with combat support arms like army engineers, artilleries or close air support while being supported by the rear echelon service unit behind the lines.

Becoming an Infantry

Before an individual becomes an infantry, he or she must undergone the army/marine basic boot camp. However, the majority of the army in the world only accepts male into the ranks of infantry units to serve in combat. This is because, despite what the proponents of feminism and pro gender equality Persons Other Than Grunt, the infantry is the perhaps the only branch in the army that restrict women participation and allows discrimination based on gender differences.

Man are physically more capable compared to the majority of females in the military,capable of enduring extreme hardship and discomfort in the field, and cope with the battlefield stress better compared to female soldiers. Although some nations in RL are beginning to study the possibility of female serving in the infantry units the tradition of the infantry being comprised of male soldiers are expected to remain for the foreseeable future.

Prior to bootcamp, a civilian underwent interviews with the recruiting officer/staffs. An individual with better academic qualification might be selected for officer training in specialist school but for the most of the ordinary boys, their only options is to serve as an enlisted servicemen. Before beginning boot camps during normal peacetime an individual goes through several stages of processing in recruitment and selection centers which normally involves;

Physical screening & test. (Running, Swimming, Push Ups, Pull Ups, Sit Up, the standard, doctor's examination)
Paperworks. (Lots and lots of paperworks).
Interview.
Personality and Basic IQ Test.
Background Check. (By military intelligence and local authority)
Oath Taking Ceremony

And then he will be off for bootcamps.

Recruit Basic Training (Boot Camps)

What does an army boot camps looks/feels like?

In a nutshell?

Welcome to first layer of hell on earth.

For those who are selected for bootcamp training, the physical screening test they had to undergo during selection was nothing. Upon taking the oath you no longer a 'civilian', your and your body becomes the properties of the military and your nation. The main objective of boot camp is to act as a transition phase from your civilian mindset to become a soldier, a hardcore warrior, to join a brutal society capable of exerting extreme aggression and violence. In bootcamp, boys will slowly transform into young men.

A recruit life during boot camps is a very challenging phase both mentally and physically especially if the basic training stretched for months. The durations of basic trainings varies from one army to another, some lasted between 8, 9, 12 weeks minimum while some nations had 6-9 whole months long basic training. Obviously, the pressure exerted to the recruits will be greater for a longer durations, and depending on training doctrines and techniques, an army that invest more time in recruit trainings does produce a higher degree of capable soldiers.

In Aeyariss, boot camps across the Empire are based on BASIC training doctrine (Battlefield Assessment and Standard Induction Course) which lasted for 6 months. Boot camps in this country are divided into two main part; Battlefield Assessment (Phase II) and Standard Induction Course (Phase I). Phase I lasted for 5 months while Phase II is one month battle inoculation training where a recruit shall be tested to the extreme duress on the skills and craft of warfare involving a carefully designed war scenario and live ammunitions, where upon completion the entire batch of recruits shall undergo a final passing out graduation parade.

Phase I (Standard Induction Course)

Transition

During Phase I, new recruits are being slowly but consistently transformed from their civilian life into a member of the armed forces through applications of strict discipline, enforcement of regimented lifestyle throughout the entire duration of the basic training. Recruits must adapt and embrace long established military traditions, cultures and norms. Recruits are organized into a squad, which in turned formed platoons, and company and finally a battalion. For every platoon sized unit, a drill sergeant is attached either permanently or temporarily (normally a drill sergeant is assigned permanently for the platoon and would stick with the recruits throughout basic training). After they are designated in their own training unit, they are housed in a barrack where communal and regimented daily living will become part of their new life. Recruits will learn, memorize, embrace and live new concepts that are usually taken for granted by the civilian society, such as memorizing the Warrior’s Creed, memorizing military cadence and songs, memorizing the military basic general orders and the army core values. Recruits will also learn how to conduct themselves in social event such as during dinner in the mess hall.

Social and Relations

In some military, the recruit formed a ‘battle buddy system’ where they are paired off with another recruit, which same concept will be applied to the infantry unit serving in combat later on. The idea was that the pair of battle buddy will look after one another throughout the basic training, to be responsible for not just one self but also to the entire unit. When a recruit fails or committed misconduct, often it was both the battle buddy were taken in for counselling or collective punishment. While it can be awkward initially, battle buddy and the entire squad usually grows to be one close knitted groups after going through the difficulties and challenges throughout the basic training together, although frictions and differences over accumulated stress will test the integrity and relationship of the training platoons sometimes throughout the basic training. Teambuilding, establishing pride and spirit de corps are placed special considerations and are highly emphasized by the NCOs and Officers in training unit during the early stages of Phase I.

Common Military Syllabus

Also throughout basic training, recruits will be exposed, trained, educated and evaluated in the army common military syllabus. The common military syllabus is the sum of basic skills and knowledge of soldiering and what the recruit will use throughout his service in the army. These includes, but not necessarily limited to:

Physical Training
Map Reading & Land Navigation
Military Tactics
Ceremonies and Social
Drills, Marching
Leadership
Army Regulations and Rules of War
Field Crafts

The Common MIlitary Syllabus itself is a wide branch of topics. The next Chapter will look into the specifics learned by the recruits in the Common Military Syllabus.

This chapter has been completed, however it may be expanded for more details in the future.
Kindly TG Aeyariss if you have any questions.

by **Aeyariss** » Mon Aug 04, 2014 9:56 am

INFANTRY FOR DUMMIES

Essentials of Infantry in Conventional War Roleplays

PART 2

(Adapted for NationStates)

CHAPTER 2

In the previous chapter, we have introduced briefly on the nature of the infantry, and then began looking into how members of this army branch first began to trained before ending to focus more specifically on what an infantry learns throughout basic training or boot camps. This chapter will look specifically into the Common Military Syllabus or CMS. All of these aspects are a must have for any soldiers wishing to be part of the infantry branch.

Physical Training (PTs)

A soldier, especially the infantry, must be physically tougher. While wars are waged under a high technological environment, the end of a ground war can only be achieved by the infantry, (the grunts, the boots on the ground), for this reason is why military spent a premium to build a physically strong infantry units to be able to bear the brunts and endure extreme condition in combat.

Physical training is conducted almost daily during Basic Training, with short interval rest in a week to allow the body to rest and heal from and allows any muscle development to grow. Basically every physical training in the military serves higher purpose to prepare a soldier physically for the rigors of long term deployment, also being physically stronger and fitter will contributes in building a tough mental endurance for the soldiers, instilling confidence and building pride.

In the initial weeks, the training regiments are strict for the culture shocked civilian in transition to become members of the warrior society. But over time, as they become conditioned to the environment and lifestyle, the instructors will increase the intensity and training load for both cardio and weight training. A simple morning exercise in the early weeks often begins with the recruits wearing only sports attire, and then slowly transform into wearing battlefield uniform, with combat boots, and then physical exercise in Full Service Marching Order attire (FSMO) with weapons, before ultimately training in full combat load.

A normal scene during basic training.

Recruits morning exercise was preceded by a morning assembly, usually at 0500H, a roll call check, before undergo 90-120 minutes of physical trainings and then hastily prepare for breakfast and for lectures/weapons trainings or any other activity planned for the day. The physical training is designed to build power and strength in the lower body (calves, legs, waist), core strength (abdominal) and also upper body strength.

Of course, depending on the instructors/NCO/or Officers, in military where hazing is illegal, where no physical violence can be inflicted upon a recruits, the military often use PTs as collective punishment. (Most military allows this sort of punishment, as long as a fellow soldiers in the chain of command did not inflict a single touch (slapping, punching, kicking) upon a recruit. However, in the infantry, such 'illegal' punishment of physical violence were often carried out, and become an acceptable norms as long as it did not caused permanent damage, physical disability or death. When such activity is carried out, it is known as 'helling', (to give "hell") to one subordinates or fellow soldiers. A hell sessions can be light, or extreme in some cases, it may start at 2000H and ended 0530H, or possibly for an entire 24 hours.

"Commando's Rest PT"
Normally lasted for 'a few songs' (singing)...but can last up to hours if you being Hell-ed. Surprisingly, if you're doing it right you can fell asleep doing it.

Hell PT, Chickenshit, Hazing

Other concept involving physical activity as punishment is known as "chickenshit" or sometimes "Hell PT", it is an activity ordered by someone in the chain of command that doesn't have a clear purpose, but often called as part of 'physical training' while it ulterior motives to causes unnecessary punishment to a unit or subordinate. Stephen Ambrose in his book "Band of Brothers" descibed Captain E. Sobel conduct to E Company as 'chickenshit'.

Or as in Paul Fussell's words, a historian:

“Chickenshit refers to behavior that makes military life worse than it need be: petty harassment of the weak by the strong; open scrimmage for power and authority and prestige… insistence on the letter rather than the spirit of ordinances. Chickenshit is so called — instead of horse — or bull — or elephant shit — because it is small-minded and ignoble and takes the trivial seriously. Chickenshit can be recognized instantly because it never has anything to do with winning the war.”

It is safe to assume that all soldiers, whether they are recruits or Officer Cadets in training will experience this form of PT sometimes in their military service. Well, the army/military can do a lot of things, and one of the things they excel is in making the life of serving soldiers as hell as it can be, and someone in the chain of command, can be extremely devious but highly creative in doing so!

Examples:

Someone higher ranking waking the entire platoon up at 0300H, and ordered the subordinates for a "change parade" (A fashion show where a soldier is given a specific amount of time to get into particular set of dress; field dress, working dress, or the Planter's Order) just for the sake of fun.
Lining up the entire platoon because of some trumped up charges against a particular soldiers in the field at 2300H, to conduct what the rankings soldiers call as 'measuring the fields PT' through side rolling from one end to the other end, or low crawling from from one edge to another - despite ever members know the exact measurement of the field in meters (500x400)!
Lining up the platoon at 0530H when they were supposed to have morning showers, in a single line, where the ranking officers/staffs produce a glass of waters and a toothbrush, ordered the the first soldier to the right to brush his teeth, rinse using the water in the glass, and then to pass the same toothbrush and glass down the line where everyone must use it! When the last soldier on the left did the same, the same ordeal is to be repeated as the toothbrush is passed down to the right once again.They called it "bathroom PT".

Map Reading & Land Navigation

Every soldier must master these basic skills, as without it a soldier will not be able to maneuver effectively in a field and map reading skill is the ‘bread and butter’ of soldiering. Through a map, a soldier will be able to learn about his surrounding, become aware of the terrain and what the terrain will be able to offer to him in terms of strategic military values and allow a commander to plan an attack or defenses effectively against an enemy. Of course, tactical maneuvering is conducted based on land navigation, all based on a maps.

While modern conventional armies are equipped with basic Global Positioning Device (GPS), it is not a completely reliable technology; basic map reading and land navigation should be taught to every infantry. There will be times when technologies failed (eg. a cyber attack where the device failed) and all a soldier has left is to depend on a basic paper maps.

In an infantry unit, a soldier is equipped with the following device to learn about map reading:

The basic skills in map readings involved:

And then, after gaining the understanding of the terrain, a soldier will then be able to conduct land navigation, to move from Point A to Point B using the route he had selected.

Military Tactics

Tactics is a very broad topic, in this brief overview however we will only be looking in the tactics employed by an infantry. Tactics as whole is defined as the ‘art and science of how a soldier fights to achieve his mission’, and that involves several important considerations:

Mission.

Enemy.

Terrain.

Maneuver

Equipment & Firepower.

And also, to assist in formulating a good tactics so a soldier can achieve his missions there following are closely related:

• Intelligence.
• Deception.
• Weather and Time.
• Nature.

These considerations becomes a framework that a soldier can use during an appreciation process everywhere he operates in, be it in a jungle warfare, urban warfare, desert or cold weather fighting.

For an infantry operating at a squad/platoon level; these tactics are often taught in the form of battle drills.

Ceremonies and Social
Drills, Marching
Leadership
Army Regulations and Rules of War
Field Crafts

by **El Cuscatlan** » Tue Aug 05, 2014 8:25 am

Radio procedures are standards of radio communications. During action on the battlefield, there is little chance for long talks. That is why radio procedures were developed - to shorten this time and allow for quick and clear communications between units. Fundamentals of radio communications are described in CAROT acronym:

Concise: Keep it simple
Accuracy: All radio transmissions should be as accurate as it is possible.
Relevancy: tell only relevant information.
Objective: focus on the goal of transmission
Timely: try to keep message as short as possible.

During use of radio, there exist certain pro words used to describe specific actions. Here is list of them:

Acknowledge (ACK): message must be acknowledged.
Affirmative: Positive confirmation, generally speaking yes.
All after: Points to point of message to which I am referring.
All stations: used as call to general network. Does not require response.
Any station: Call to any radio station, receiving the message should respond.
Break: Separates text from other portions of message.
Call sign: The following group is a call sign
Correct: Your transmission is correct.
Correction: an error has been made and requires correction.
Decimal: Used for denotation of decimal or point, mainly done with frequencies.
I say again: I am repeating transmission.
I spell: there will be spelling using tactical alphabet
Immediate Execute: Transmission should be carried on "Execute"
Message: Message is coming.
Negative: No
Out: End of transmission, no answer is required.
Over: End of transmission, answer is required.
Radio Check*: Order to ensure communication status.
Roger: Transmission received.
Read Back: Repeat entire transmission to me exactly as it was told by me.
Repeat: Repeat last given mission ( NOT TO BE CONFUSED WITH SAY AGAIN!)
Say again: Repeat last transmission ( NOT TO BE CONFUSED WITH REPEAT!)
Send: Send your message.
Silence: Cease all communications.
Silence lifted: Allows communications.
Wait: used to halt the transmission.
Wait Out: confirmation to wait.
Willco: Will comply. Roger included.

SNTAX:

CALLSIGN: Each unit should have specified Callsign which shall be used to identify it. Cuscatlani army follows a pattern of callsigns, which allow it to identify units; each company and above unit is given a name - Matador for example. Platoons within company are assigned one letter following alphabetical order. Then each squad within platoon is given a number. If addressing commander directly, word caudillo is used

294 battalion 1st Company ( HQ ): Matador.
294 battalion 1st Company 1st Platoon (HQ): Matador - A
294 battalion 1st Company 2ndt Platoon (HQ): Matador - B
294 battalion 1st Company 1st Platoon 1st squad: Matador - A -1
294 battalion 1st Company 1st Platoon (platoon commander): Matador - A -Caudillo.

MESSAGE: Actual content of transmission.

CONCLUSION: ENDING THE MESSAGE ( OVER/OUT ).

EXAMPLE OF TRANSMISSION:

"Matador - B - Caudillo this is Matador B - 1, Message, over."
"Matador - B- 1, SEND, over"
"Matador - B - Caudillo, unit on position, requesting orders, over"
"Roger Matador B - 1, move to point Bravo, over"
"Matador - B - Caudillo, Willco, out"

RADIO CHECK:

Signal strength:
* LOUD
* GOOD
* WEAK

Readability:
* CLEAR
* READABLE
* UNREADABLE

Loud and Clear is the best possible situation.

Weak and Unreadable is the worst possible situation.

Example:

"Matador - B, this is Matador, Radio check, over ".
"Matador this is Matador - B, Loud and Clear, over"
"Matador - B, LOUD and CLEAR, out"

by **Aeyariss** » Wed Aug 06, 2014 10:05 pm

AXIS MILITARY ACADEMY

Program: AX-201 International Relations
Staff: Lieutenant Colonel Vincent Lockheart (M.Soc.Sc), Aeyariss Imperial Army
Course Title: Introduction to International Relations

Information: 3 Credit Hour
Teaching Method: Long distance online class.

General Introduction:

NationStates is basically a simulation of international relations. However despite possessing a good writing abilities and military knowledge it is unfortunate that most in this site do not fully understand how international relations, and how the world politics works. This course is designed to provide basic understanding, to introduce members of NationStates and students of Axis Military Academy on the fundamentals of International Relations.

Assessment:

Attendance – 10%
Class participation in discussion – 20%
Assignment – 30%
Final Exam – 40%

Reading List:

Mingst, K. 2001. Essentials of International Relations. Norton & Company. New York
Baylis, J.,Smith,S.,Owens,P.2008. The Globalization of World Politics (4ed). Oxford. New York.
(To be added more later)

Topics:
- Background & History of International Relations
- Main Theories of IR (Realism)
- Main Theories of IR (Liberalism)
- Main Theories of IR (Marxism)
- Other Theories of IR
- 3 Levels of Analysis
- Nations, Nationalism, Nations-States and International Conflict
- The Great War 1914-1945: Balance of Power
- Collective Security: League of Nations, United Nations & International Organization

by **El Cuscatlan** » Mon Aug 11, 2014 6:27 pm

TYPES OF COMBAT UNITS

Air Defence artillery: is type of unit tasked with protection of other units from missile and aircraft strikes, mostly major forces and vital assets. It operates in hierarchical way, with each grouping (from division down ) has more "advanced" type of air defence (for example division - level air defence will be equipped with advanced AA systems while platoon level with MANPADS). Divisional air defence forces are usually SHORADS (Short Range air defence ) systems. Corps ADA brigades are usually equipped with both SHORAD and HIMAD (High to medium Air Defence) systems.

Air defence units, besides protection of own forces, contribute to ISR duties ( intelligence, surveillance and recon ) by gathering information about enemy air force's order of battle (ORBAT). Their goal is often also denial of use of enemy's Command and control and recon aircraft.

Armour: is often used in western armies as primary offensive weapon. It has firepower, is well protected from enemy's fire, and fast. It's fire and speed can create shock effect needed to disrupt enemy's efforts. It has very wide usage, from counter-attacking in defensive situations to striking deep into enemy's rear.

Mechanized cavalry units are used for mostly for recon, for finding the enemy's forces. They can also assist in withdrawal and help in delaying enemy's force through their mobility.

Artillery: is for providing of indirect fire capability to own forces. Their major tasks include suppression of enemy's direct fire capability, fire support for own forces where needed and cover to key terrain, flanks and obstacles. They are usually within major tactical groupings.

Aircraft: posses great mobility and firepower, usually are capable of delivering high losses to enemy forces and supporting ground operations. It is often seen in using attack helicopters as rapid reaction force. Their ability to fly allows also to transport own' forces quickly as well as attack enemy's rear. However, they are limited by weather and number they can carry.

Aircraft are often used as recon units, spotting the enemy from the air. Helicopterborne infantry allows to cover much ground much faster than mechanized or light infantry, but with paying less detail to what is in the ground.

Engineers: provide demolition, breaching, EOD and obstacle removal capability for friendly forces, as well as can be used in their secondary role as infantry. Their major role is supporting the units by use of mobile bridges, rafts and other support measures. This usually involved moving under formation commander's orders and using their skills where needed.

During the assault engineers will contribute to major effort by placing obstacles to limit enemy's possibility of manoeuvre as well as demolishing bunkers & dug-in vehicles. In defence, engineers can place mines to stop the enemy.

Infantry Types:

Airborne infantry: can be deployed over long distances and make great power projection force. With possibility of being quickly deployed on the battlefield they canbe used to quickly secure major objectives. During ground warfare they are no different from light infantry.
Air assault infantry: have great strategic deployability, with significant anti - armour capability and ability to fight in most types of military operations. They can uickl disrupt enemy's C2 networks, destroy supporting arms and seize key terrain.
Light infantry: depend mostly on terrain for cover, because they can operate - with proper equipment - in almost any type of terrain. With possibility to be quickly deployed they can be used as major force breaking element.
Mechanized infantry: appeared so infantry can be as fast as armour. It combines protection of armour with infantrymen's ability to operate in many terrains. They are usually used to support tanks during operations.

Special operation forces: are usually trained to fight in un-conventional warfare scenarios through all environments. Rapidly deployed, they can be used for asymmetric scenarios to support friendly forces. Their major role in recent years are also CT ( counter-terrorist) operations.

TYPES OF COMBAT SUPPORT UNITS

(WIP)

by **Florys** » Fri Aug 15, 2014 11:39 am

SANTIAGO MILITARY UNIVERSITY
"Serve to Lead; Strife for Excellence"

-Course D252/2014-The Principles of Military Pioneering and Obstacle Clearance-
Tutors-Maj.Alex Thorpe (Army Engineering Corps) & Capt.Eliot Chambers (Corps of Mechanical Engineers)-Florysian New Model Army.

Contents
PART 1-Intro
An Introduction to the subject.

PART 2-Pioneering
-Principles of Military Pioneering
-Obstacle Clearance
-Explosive Ordnance Disposal
-Bridging
-Combat Engineering Glossary

PART 3-Vehicle Recovery
-Principles of Recovery
-Factors Affecting Recovery
-The Recovery System

Introduction.
The term 'Sapper' dates back to the sixteenth century French military expeditionary campaigns and it there, that the roots of dedicated military combat engineering can first be observed. Contrary to the humble tactics of rudimentary mining and redoubt fortification seen in the early armies of Wellington and Napoleon, military engineering in the modern age is one of the most technically advanced and diverse fields on the battlefield of today, encapsulating missions as wide ranging as plumbing, mine clearance, bridge construction and asset denial. This course however will focus on the forward, combat specific roles of pioneering, which directly supports and effects those in 'the line of fire'.

The Principles of Military Pioneering
According to North Atlantic Treaty Organization (N.A.T.O), "Military Engineering is that engineer activity undertaken, regardless of component or service, to shape the physical operating environment" In simplified terms, it is defined as the construction of and maintenance of static defensive assets and the destruction of the opposing forces'. Such a role requires military engineering units, such as the British Army's Corps of Royal Engineers, the U.S Navies Construction Battalions (Seabees) and the Compagni Pioneeris of the Italian ground forces to offer intimate support to the units they are operating alongside, meaning that there is a strong emphasis on infanteering as well as technical skill in most armies' pioneer units around the globe. The motto of the Corps of Royal Engineers, 'Ubique' or 'Everywhere', encapsulates the mission and flexibility of Combat Engineers on the battle field and the way such units must convey themselves on the front line. The variety of roles engineering battalions and companies can offer a battle group means they are often among the most sought after units by those in a position of command. A fact that makes them some of the most adaptable, well decorated formations in military history.

Obstacle Clearance
The removal and clearance of static obstacles detrimental to the movement of modern, often mechanized, forces, is one of the primary roles of military engineers. There are several methods of route clearance available to combat pioneers, and they will be detailed in the following article. Perhaps the most impressive methods is the deployment of Military Engineering Vehicles both wheeled and tracked, which employ a wide arsenal of industrial grade engineering tools including dozer blades, cranes, and rollers to barrage their way through static

Russian Army IMR Engineering Vehicle, Circa.1994.
Note the design, based on the native T Series MBT

blockages. An Armoured Engineering Vehicle, often based on the chassis of the employing army's main battle tank (MBT) is most often crewed by three to four men of a nations military engineering corps commanded by a Corporal or Sergeant as part of an Armoured Engineering Squadron or operating individually, attached in an armoured unit. In comparison adapted/ up armoured versions of civilian construction vehicles including diggers and drills belonging to an Engineering Regiment's construction companies are also often used in a clearance capacity, these machines however, tend to be crewed by a single tradesman, often of the rank of Private/Sapper of Lance Corporeal and require far more support from fighting units as they are only given rudimentary armour and are usually unarmed. Breaching Vehicle, including the USMC AV(B)1 are a newly installed concept becoming increasingly common in mechanized armies, often converted from Infantry Fighting Vehicles and ruggedized military trucks, they use high tech line clearance charges to blast lanes through obstacles and allow friendly advance.

Possibly the most common, and famous method of obstacle clearance used by combat pioneer teams it the application of high explosive compounds such as P-3, Semtex and C.4 to clear static problems. Teams of Sappers carrying additional demolition and breaching equipment, often embedded in infantry patrols perform this role alongside participating as riflemen during engagements. These small squads can consist of anywhere between one and four combat pioneers from the rank of Sapper/Private to JNCO's and sergeants, although lower ranks are certainly more common. Equipment available to pioneers operating in this capacity varies immensely from nation to nation but almost universally includes, pioneering tools (Spades/Axes/Sledgehammers), Demolitions cord, adhesives, explosives and aerosol paints for marking the area of operations. Small teams such as the ones detailed also operate separate from prolonged infantry maneuvers, reaming in the middle echelons until called onto a tasking.

Explosive Ordnance Disposal (E.O.D)
As the armies of the world encounter asymmetrical, unconventional enemies with increasing frequency, Combat engineers are

United States Navy E.O.D-Afghanistan 2011
Note the 'Wheelbarrow' robot to the rear.

being called upon, more than ever before to deal with Improvised Explosive Devices (I.E.Ds) and the legacy threat that is unexploded ordnance (U.X.O). The increasing call for men and women to be trained in the field has lead to a surge in media interest about the high risk lives of E.O.D operators, however most information played out through Hollywood theatrics is either misinformed or overstated to the point of inaccuracy. The responsibility of 'bomb disposal', as it is often referred to, is often shouldered by several units across the various military services of a nation, for example, in the British military all ground forces are trained in I.E.D detection and specialists from both the Corps of Royal Engineers and the Royal Logistics Corps, as well as Royal Navy ammunition technicians, are trained in their clearance. Indeed many specialist multi-lateral formations, especially among I.S.A.F member nations in Afghanistan, have been brought into existence in recent years specifically to counter improvised bombs and unexploded shells encountered in guerrilla war zones.

With the massive increase in funding, EOD formations are now being better equipped than ever before to disable, or if necessary, destroy offensive ordnance. Small robotic units known colloquially as 'Wheelbarrows' outfitted with a wide range of visual sensors, chemical detectors and other read outs are becoming increasingly sophisticated and are more common site on the modern battle space, often used when placing counter explosive on U.X.O. The famous all body Kevlar suit as well, offers superior protection while inhibiting a loss of dexterity, it is important to remember, that as advanced as these armours are, when dealing with a direct blast, their primary function is preservation of the body post mortem, that is to say, keeping an operator's body in one piece upon death. Explosives in unveiled in remote localities are handled very differently from those in densely populated areas. Contrary to the image portrayed in modern day movies and fiction, the role of the modern Bomb Disposal Operator is to accomplish their task as remotely as possible. Actually laying hands on a bomb is only done in an extremely life-threatening situation, where the hazards to people and critical structures cannot be reduced.

Bridging
Perhaps the most endearing image of the combat engineer, in any battle that has occurred in the past one hundred years, is bridging. With the advance of armoured and mechanized units reaching every facet of modern armies, the need to expiate their crossing of unfordable water features and steep embankments has never been more urgent. As such, the art of bridging obstacles is often one of the main focuses of

Royal Engineer Recruits prepare an Infantry Bridge
Despite bridging vehicles, basic knowledge is still essential

Combat Engineer training often known as 'Sapper School' in English speaking militaries, around the world. There are multiple classifications of military engineering bridges deployed in operational environments, the two most common and versatile, the Infantry Assault Bridge and Vehicle Mobility Bridge. As the name suggests the Infantry Assault Bridge also known as a 'Man Packed Crossing' is a light weight (By military bridging standards) piece of equipment designed to be transported by as few light vehicles as possible, by a platoon of pioneers under the command of a Lieutenant and a Staff Sergeant. The smallest of these bridges can be layed in under an hour by hand. Vehicle mobility Bridges, can be split into two sub-categories. The Semi-permanent to permanent 'Constructed' bridge is built, by at least a company of engineers and is raised to last the entirety of an operation, it's construction often involves the use of earth movers, diggers and cranes and the largest can take weeks to erect. The second class of VMB is a vehicle launched bridge, transported on the back of armoured bridge layers like the AVRE-Titan and the M104-Wolverine and wheeled varietals such the British General Mobility Bridge based on the MAN SV Truck chassis, these immense machines can lay down temporary bridges strong enough for entire convoys of main battle tanks and artlillery pieces to traverse in a matter of minutes before reloading and continuing with a tasking, the are typically crewed by a driver with the rank of Private/Sapper and operator (L/Cpl) and commanded by a Corporal or more rarely a senior NCO.

Principles of Vehicle Recovery
There is a technical term for a stranded vehicle in a war zone; A target.

UNDER CONSTRUCTION

by **Inyourfaceistan** » Wed Oct 01, 2014 7:20 pm

Anti-Satellite Warfare: A Simplistic Guide

Introduction: What can satellites do?

I'm pretty sure you have all been in at least one RP (if not more) with that one guy who has his forces know everything about your's; your composition, location, movements, ect. Now part of this might be metagaming and him reading your ORBAT, but chances are we have all heard the "lulz my satellites saw them frum space!". Today we learn how to counter that guy.
So what can satellites do?
Well first it depends on the type of satellite; and there are far too many satellites for me to list and explain here; but I will go over some important types.

The first of which, are static imaging, or real-time footage satellites. These are basic "spy" satellites used to take pictures of the ground basically (its what creates google earth). Now naturally, NS people tend to think they work like they do in video games and give the commander a 90-degree top-down view of an area of interest. This is mostly false. Satellites are affected by this thing called "orbit", and it pretty much means they rotate the earth on a predicatable path and cant be everywhere at once. They can be put into geostationary orbit (quasi-standing still over a target) but this makes them even more predictable and vunerable to the ASAT techniques I will discuss later.
The next are radar satellites, or RSAT. These can be used to observe large weather patterns, and some military versions are claimed to be able to detect ships at sea. Once again, they suffer from the same orbital effects as do the other two; and furthermore they CANNOT BE USED FOR TRACKING! If your opponent is using their satellites to guide on ballistic missiles, then let their multimillion dollar weapons fall on empty seas...
While we are on the subject of detecting ships, I will also throw out wake satellites as a concept. While I havent been able to find much information on exact models or capabilities, it is regarded they can spot the wake of a fleet and help guess its course, and other conceptual speculation has rumored they can sense the disruption caused by a submarine. (But that is for the OP and players of the thread to decide)
ELINT/SIGINT satellites serve as another means of detection of electronic signals, one of the most underated aspects of military satellite usage.
The last, and arguably most important type I will mention are communications satellites, these are used to bounce back phone and radio calls and whatnot. Very, very important if you want to know whats going on with your frontline units...

Part I:Dont get spotted!

This is pretty simple. As I stated earlier satellites follow a predictable path of orbit, its not that hard to know when a specific satellite will be over your forces at what time.
Now hold on, dont just run off and start shooting ASAT missiles at any given satellite that moves over your nation! Keep in mind there are thousands of other people's satellites who are also in orbit. You dont want to be the guy who starts Kessler's Syndrome do you?
The obvious and first thing to do, is dont be there or dont get get spotted. Simply plan your naval route to avoid being there when the enemy's satellite is above you. Have your ground forces scramble positions and create decoy movements to throw off their satellite recon (this is why drones and spy planes are still a thing), hide your missile silos under fake trees and grass (the USA and USSR actually did this in the Cold War).
Naval fleets have the best advantage because they can blend in by using common shipping lanes, this can throw off both RSAT and wake sats.
Now, there is still geostationary orbit, and naturally any NS player already has his satellite hovering over your nation and/or the combat zone, so sometimes you will have to escalate...

Part 2: Blind them!

Did you know jamming satellites can be done? Yeah. Its pretty simple.
The French vessel Monge A601 is capable of doing this; as are ground-based radar systems. In Iran the government also blocks TV satellite signals.
This is a pretty straight-forward way of dealing with communication and radar satellites.
As far as ELINT/SIGINT go, there are also ways that nations can create "ghost fleets" by passing a large amount of electronic activity over a blank area of ocean, while having their real fleet practice low-usage proceedures.

Now, keep in mind the enemy will know when they are being f***ked with. However, you can use this to your advantage by launching jamming attacks from multiple positions on earth and creating multiple ghost fleets and what not, making it a guessing game for your opponent to know where your real movements are originating from.

As is the nature of chance and good HUMINT, as well as the quasi-metagaming nature of NS, your movements will still be detected at some point.

Part 3: Be Gentle...

Okay, so clearly nothing else is working. You are now escalating to shooting down the satellite - maybe that was a bad description. You are now escalating to shoot something that will disable that individual satellite.

Your first choice of weapons will be lasers. Yes, yes, lasers. Now I know some of you died inside upon reading that, and others of you are under the impression that all of your forces use lasers and have been for sometime now because screw realism. But seriously.
Now a good example of a laser would be the LaWS system in feild testing by the US Navy, or that prototype being tested on a Boeing airliner. I also heard rumors Russia has a similar system, but I cant find much on it (however they have been testing weak lasers to blind electronics since the 80's)
Keep in mind the laser will DAZZLE the satellite, not destroy it. At best its optics will be fried and it cant see anything, at the least you will confuse its sensors for some time (valuable time which they have to increase recon effort by other means.)

Another choice would be a directed-EMP warhead, as a result of an airburst flux-compression generator. This is not a full-on nuclear EMP, and contrary to popular belief does not radiate outward in a giant circle, rather its for of an elongated fish patter, with the exploding warhead being the conection between the tail and the body, and the furthest forward extend of the blast being the "head" of the fish. These can be used to kill the electronics on the satellite, and stop it from doing its job.

Now, the flaw of both methods is that they are harder to deploy (have a shorter range) and in some case the satellites may be repaired and put back into action. In this case, you're either out of luck or you have to go all in...

Part 4: All in!

So you have exhausted every other option, and your opponent has overcome them all. Knowing NS, they have also magically just so happened to have an anti-satellite program that coincidently was formed after yours went into action and what do you know do the exact same things yours do! But I digress...

Basically, this is the last and final option and should only be used in three scenarios:
1) Your country faces anihilation, and you need to destroy any and all sources of GPS capability to make sure when your enemy hits that big red button, his missiles have no ability to self-correct their course.
2) You face anihilation and are willing to put everyone else's communication, weather, TV, ect. signals at risk to force them into keeping your enemy at bay
3) You are in a parellel universe where only you and a handful of other nations have just a handful of satellites and there is little risk of collateral debris rendering earth's orbit insane and chaotic.

But, it may still happen.
Now this is when ASAT missiles come into play, this is when all other options are off the table and that satellite has to die.
Some good examples are the ASM-135 fired by the F-15, or the anti-satellite versions of RIM-16, Arrow III or DF-21.

An even more extreme option at this phase is to detonate a nuclear HEMP in the lower atmosphere. That degree of EMP will kill all the satellites nearby, but you wont be a very popular person...

- Hope this helps!

by **El Cuscatlan** » Wed Oct 15, 2014 6:01 pm

INTRODUCTION TO THEORY OF STATE SECURITY

by **El Cuscatlan** » Tue Nov 04, 2014 2:56 am

4th Generation Warfare

This publication will be pretty long, as I intend to show to NS war RPer research I have been doing for a long time. I expect high criticism from people with military experience; after all, I am going against their doctrines and their theories. This research is based on Real World, and generally will be about 4th Generation Warfare (4GW), and how tactics and strategy evolved. Major problem I noticed on NS is that many people whom I know – even ones with military knowledge – still fight like it was 1945. In meantime, tactics have evolved into new point; and I think that it will be interesting to show NS what has changed in modern war; why US lost in Vietnam, and now is loosing in the middle east again; why Russians lost in First Chechen war. It will also be guide for smaller states about how to effectively combat states that have bigger numbers and/or firepower than you; unlike what many people think, there is serious chance for you to win and defeat them, even if this will not be purely military victory. Before we begin explaining tactics – let’s analyze the generations of warfare.

1) First generation of modern war was born after peace of Westphalia. There, tactics of line and column were born among the musket. It also made states gain control over violence. It also created military culture of drill (Prussia) and rank system which allowed to organize the armies.

2) 2nd generation of modern war basically gave rise to what is US tactics today. In principle it can be defined as “Attrition Warfare”. Generally it was depending on firepower; firepower is the key element, through which enemy was being defeated. This way however was very costly in men (WWI), which led to…

3) 3rd Generation warfare. In principle it is “maneuver warfare” or “mobile warfare”. Instead of firepower, key role was dependent on maneuver, which became solution to problem of lack of men or firepower. Classic tactics of 3rd generation is Blitzkrieg, or introduced in US “Shock and Awe”.

4) 4th Generation Warfare in it’s modern form begun with Mao Zedong and his treatise “Guerilla warfare against Japanese Invaders” and generally evolved out of eastern methods of war. In principle, it may be called “Asymmetric warfare”. It’s key principle, as defined by Mao Zedong is “Saving Own forces and destroying enemy’s”. This type of warfare led also to loss of state control over violence, as Various non-state actors in future will utilize Asymmetric warfare against the states – which were not prepared to face a threat which was more tactically advanced than them.

Sadly, however, many states have not adapted their tactics to changing nature of war. This led to catastrophic failures of many modern day armies; Examples are for Example McArthur’s defeat over Yalu; French and US losses in Vietnam or Soviet failure in Afghanistan. There, state armies which possessed superior technology and firepower lost to poorly armed guerillas.

4th Generation Warfare is not new kind of warfare. Asymmetric conflicts, assassination, warfare of “cunningness” are as old as history, but it was 20th century when they surfaced and became widespread in use. The birth of Modern 4th Generation Warfare is often attributed to Mao Zedong, even if even in Irish Uprising (1919) General Michael Collins used very effective form of Guerilla war. However, this methods were perfected by Mao, who formulated in his book (Guerilla Warfare) main theory of modern Guerilla warfare. His methods were proven very useful in Korean War, both Vietnamese wars and later were also adopted by Muslim Insurgents in the middle east. I must now specify that Mao did not made his theory out of nowhere – his theory came from earlier Chinese treaties on strategy, like Sun Tzu’s Art of War or 36 strategies.

Let’s compare “western” and “eastern” approaches for a moment. From the very beginning – thought process – they are different. While Clausewitz – who de facto formulated the thought process in the west – attempts to integrate parts into whole, Sun Tzu focuses on whole governing parts. From this type of thinking two approaches arose. Western, in which tactics you use dictate strategy you use, and eastern, where strategy you use dictate tactics you use. Second, and one of most important differences is approach to military action.

Easterner claims the fact that “true victory is victory without fighting”. Eastern commander claims that best victory is one that has cost not too much blood, while westerner focuses on more direct, military approach to the conflict. Eastern forces prefer to capture rather than destroy, unlike their western counterparts.

Characteristic for Maoist “People’s War” armies – even if they appear often under much different ideology or name – is organic, democratic, decentralized structure. In such type army every member is briefed on plan and allowed to help. Similarly, NCOs and other low-level commanders have much more initiative and freedom of operating than in western armies. This leads them to have superiority in small scale battles, and small battles create overall victory.
Coming back to 4GW, Mao exactly knew that his forces would not withstand direct confrontation with his enemy – the Japanese – would not end well for his troops. That is why he formulated the rule which is now a rule of thumb in modern warfare:

“The goal of warfare is to save own forces and destroy enemy’s” – Mao Zedong.

This approach differs greatly from Western, Clausewitzian approach, which places too much emphasis on “center of gravity”. In guerilla war, you avoid the enemy and win by dictating him where, when and how to fight; this is a lot about seizing the initiative. 4th Generation warfare can not exist without deception.

“Whole art of war is based on deception” – Sun Tzu

Deception became solution to increasing firepower. It is useless when you have biggest damn gun ever when you do not know where to aim it; This was perfectly evidenced in wars against Chinese in Korea. Chinese have not won because of endless hordes during Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River. The tactic that Chinese used to surprise the US army will be described later.

“I am afraid that we had not recognized most important lesson from Korea. Communists have created totally new form of warfare. This is total warfare, yet small in scope, and it is designed to neutralize our big weapons. Look at Vietnam. French outnumbered communists 2;1 yet they were massacred. “ – General Chesty Puller USMC

Many factors had influence over 4GW, which over time expanded itself and evolved. Terrorism is one of major expansions of this generation; thanks to globalization certain groups got global strike range, allowing them to operate in many counties in the world.

by **El Cuscatlan** » Thu Nov 13, 2014 3:46 am

MEDEVAC PROCEDURE

TRANSMISSION:

1. Send the MEDEVAC request

2. Wait 1-3 seconds on Operator's reply.

3. Give the whole MEDEVAC procedure described below.

4. Send "OVER" and wait for Operator's reply.

SACTO MEDEVAC LINE;

LINE ONE: Location of Pickup (Grid, Codename, Coordinates)

LINE TWO; Frequency & Call Sign at pick-up site.

LINE THREE; Number of Patients by type:
A. Urgent - non surgical - evacuate within 2 hours.
B. Urgent - Surgical.
C. Priority - four hours.
D. Routine - twenty four hours
E. Evacuate whenever possible.
* - use "break" when ordering more, for example "Line Three: 2A, break, 3C, over"

LINE FOUR: Special Equipment Requested
A. None
B. Hoist
C. Extraction tools
D. Ventilator
* - use "break" when ordering more, for example "LINE FOUR: C, break, D, over"

LINE FIVE; Number of patients by type:
L; litter patients
A; Ambulatory patients

LINE SIX: (WARTIME): Pickup Site Security:
N. Lack of enemy presence
P. Possible enemy presence
E. Confirmed enemy presence
X. Currently engaging enemy, bring support.

LINE SEVEN: Markings of Pickup site:
A. Panel
B. Pyrotechnic Signal
C. Smoke Signal
D. None
E. Other

LINE EIGHT: Nationality
A. SACTO Military, Nationality
B. SACTO Civilian, Nationality
C. Non-SACTO Allied Soldier, Nationality
D. Non-SACTO Allied Civilian, Nationality
E. Enemy POW
F. HVU (Armed Support Required)

LINE NINE: WARTIME: NBC contamination in the area:
N. Nuclear
B. Biological
C. Chemical

While on radio, you can not:

1. Break Radio Silence.
2. Have a private talk between operators.
3. Transmit without permission.
4. Test and adjust too much.
5. Transmit your personal signal or data.
6. Use "casual" language without permission.
7. Use not confirmed prowords.
8. Cussing.

by **Aeyariss** » Sun Nov 23, 2014 11:48 pm

THE INFANTRY RIFLE PLATOON

Introduction:

Standard Size in Aeyariss Imperial Army usually is capped with a minimum of 28 soldiers and can sometimes be up to 35 man. The platoon is normally commanded by a Second Lieutenant(2LT), and sometimes by a more senior First Lieutenant (1LT), and is assisted by a senior Non Commissioned Officer with the rank of a Sergeant, who also acts as the 2nd in charge of the platoon. A typical platoon is then divided further into three 8 man strong Section or Squad which is led by a Corporal, which is in turn divided into two fire and maneuver team, one lead by the section leader himself and the other by the section assistant team leader; a Lance Corporal.

Complement:

Organic personnel of a standard rifle platoon

1x Officer (2LT/LT)
1x Platoon Sergeant (SGT)
3x Squad Leader (CPL)
3x Assistant Squad Leader (LCPL)
20x Riflemen (PVT)

However, depending on the types of mission, a platoon may or may not be assigned other specific personnel to improve its abilities or firepower. But during deployment, a standard platoon is usually assigned these specific units:

1x Detachment of General Purpose Machine Gun team (1x 7.62mm GPMG + 2x crew) assigned by the Company Commander from the Weapons Platoon.
1x Detachment of Combat Medic (1x Medic)
1x Detachment of Missile Crew (Javelin, Carl Gustav hunter killer team, 4x soldier)
1x Remote Combat Operator (1x crew and mini UAV)

Roles:

Like all units in the Imperial Army, the standard infantry platoon is tasked with closing in on enemy forces in order to kill, capture or destroy the enemy in order to win ground or defend own fighting position.

Weapons

As a standardized unit, most of the infantry platoon members carries an assorted array of weapon systems, but the typical are the the HK417 7.62mm SACTO and is normally equipped with 1x 'first line' (320x bullets, 2x frag grenade, 2x smoke grenade) ammunition when operating in the field. Others may be equipped with marksman system, with longer range scope and barrel, and others may hold the capacity of carrying the automatic grenade launcher system, or the Squad Automatic Weapon (SAW) which is a light machine gun.

Capabilities

As a front line caliber fighting troops, a standard infantry platoon is capable of engaging the enemies in all conventional warfare skills; survival, fieldcraft, weapons, mountain operation, jungle operation, urban operation. An individual soldier is usually well trained in the art of marksmanship and is capable of engaging a human size target from the effective range of 600m, and is extremely aggressive when fighting in close quarter battle with or without any weapon.

Normally, every soldier in a platoon is an expert in map reading, land navigation, survival skills and also combat essential skills such as handling, operating and maintaining field radio, and the protocol to call for fire mission, while a more specific task of providing joint air controller can be trained by the senior non com and the officer himself.

by **El Cuscatlan** » Mon Nov 24, 2014 10:52 am

Pelotón de infantería motorizada

Cuscatlani Pelotón de infantería motorizada called PIM which means Motorized rifle platoon, is one of basic units in Cuscatlani army. Most notable mostly in southern commands, located on Pampas and Llanos, where there is little cover to favoured by Martinez light infantry, PIM became one of major units of Cuscatlani army. A standard PIM is led by platoon commander (El Jefe de Pelotón) and consist three mechanized squads, fire support team and platoon command mounted on 3 APC/IFV.

TASKS

Platoon HQ and fire support team consists of:

1) Platoon Leader (Jefe de Pelotón, JP) is responsible for platoon battle readiness, armaments, and executing mission given by the command. he is usually mounted on 1st squad vechicle, and when the platoon dismounts, he places himself and the fire support team in rear - centre of platoon/ To his tasks belongs knowing where his men are, and what they are doing at the moment. His major goal is executing and solving tactical tasks at hand. In order to do it, he must be aware of:

The mission, tactical tasks and interaction with other units.
Subsequent objectives of his unit.
Axis of Advance (AoA)
C2OPS (Command, Control, Orientation Points and signals).

2) Assistant platoon leader (Assistente jefe de Pelotón, ASP) is the platoon's executive officer whose goal is :

Know the organization and capabilities of units, mission and JP's orders
To ensure execution of JP's orders.
To take command over platoon in case when JP is unable to do so.
C2OPS (Command, Control, Orientation Points and signals), fire control and creation of maps.

3) Assistant sniper (Assistente Sniper, AS) should:

Be prepared to act independently and provide recon capability.
Provide precision fire capability and observation capability, report targets to the command.
Act as recon in a team.
Be able to navigate correctly in terrain

4) Heavy Machine Gunner team is to provide fire support capability where vehicles can not. Guided by rest of HQ team they engage the enemy from the rear and from base of fire to support the operations. Assistant carries additional ammunition and helps in target acquisition.

EQUIPMENT

IFV: BMP 3
APC: E-11 URUTU, VBTP-MR Guarani

JP: IMBEL IA2, Jericho 914, hand-held radio, mapcase, binoculars, compass and other gear.

SNIPER: PSG-1

PLATOON MG TEAM; M2HB

Tactics;

Dismounting the Infantry Platoon (IFV) into battle formation

PRE-BATTLE FORMATION; la formación de pre-batalla (FPB) is formation that platoon takes before it enters the battle. It can be formed after dismounting of after marching. Basic one is PLATOON LINE SQUAD FILE. Others can be: PLATOON WEDGE, PLATOON VEE, PLATOON ECHELON (L/R). While maitaining pre-battle formation, soldiers observing signals must be assigned to watch for them and give them to their commanders. Array is to be changed depending on situation.

BATTLE FORMATION; formación de battala (FDB) is the formation that platoon assumes during the fight against the enemy. The basic one is PLATOON LINE SQUAD LINE, where all the squads assume the line formation. This is often used during the assault.

Santiago International Defense University [CLOSED]

Santiago International Defense University [CLOSED]

Information

Registration & Staff

Lectures and Course Materials

Axis Publication

Infantry For Dummies (Part 1)

Infantry For Dummies (Part 2)

Radio Procedures

The Infantry Rifle Platoon

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