Factbook of the Radiatian Federation

[Radiatia]

THE RADIATIAN FEDERATION:

Contents:
1. Etymology
2. History
3. Geography
4. Climate
5. Political Divisions
6. Politics
7. Foreign Relations
8. Military
9. Economy
10.Human Development
11.Science and Technology
12. Infrastructure
13. Environment
14. Demographics
15. Language
16. Religion
17. Education
18. Health
19. Crime and Law Enforcement
20. Culture
21. Time Zones

Flag:

Federal Seal:

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Anthem: “Glöreiac to Ra‡ija‡ija” (“Radiatia’s Glory”)

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Capital City: Xerconia, Federal Capital Territory (51°N, 46°E)

Largest City: Exegrad, Alayenia (44°N, 27°E)

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Official Language: Radiatian is official at Federal Level, though several other languages are spoken and recognised in certain States, including English.

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Ethnic Groups:
51% Traditional Radiatian
29% White Radiatian
10% Red Radiatian
7% Yellow Radiatian
3% Other

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Denonym: Radiatian

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Government: Federal Parliamentary Republic

President: Yerkal Nathus
Prime Minister: Lena Toriah (United Democrats)
Chairman of the Federal Council: Samuel Negasi (Workers Party)

Legislature: Federal Politburo
Upper House: Federal Council
Lower House: Federal Parliament

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Formation:
City of Radii founded: LAI 100 (approx)
Radiatian Union: 7th April LAI 924
United Socialist States of Radiatia: 16th March LAI 927
Radiatian Empire: July 21st LAI 936
Radiatian People’s Socialist Union: September 15th LAI 947
Radiatian Federation: October 1st LET 14

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Area: 18, 710,000 km²

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Population: (LET 31 census) 202,950,000
Density: 10.8 people per km²

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GDP: (Nominal)

Total: Z7.188 Trillion
Per Capita: Z 35,418

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GDP: (PPP)

Total: US$ 12.393 Trillion
Per Capita: US$ 61,068

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Gini: 42.3

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HDI: 0.801 (High)

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Currency: Tsenyen (Z)

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Time Zone: Ranges from UST+1 to UST+6
Date Formats: dd/mm/yyyy

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Measuring System: Metric

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Drives on the: Right

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ISO 3166 Code: RF

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Internet TLD: .rf

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Calling Code: +27

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The Radiatian Federation (Ŧac Ra‡ijazija Fe‡erazija), commonly referred to simply as Radiatia, is a physically huge country located in the northeastern part of The Humanitarian League.

It is a Federal Parliamentary Republic that consists of 36 States and the Federal Capital Territory, plus a number of overseas territories and bases. It is the successor state to the Radiatian People’s Socialist Union (RPSU).

The nation spans six time zones and has an extremely varied climate, ranging from hot desert in the south to arctic wasteland in the north. It contains some of the largest areas of empty wilderness in the world.

Several nations and empires have existed in Radiatia over the centuries, and Radiatia has a diverse and complex history. While the Radiatian language originates in Radia (with the city of Radii being Radiatia’s oldest, dating back to the year LAI 100 (1100 AD), several cultures, tribes and national groups have developed.

Eastern Radiatia was a part of the Chiridian Empire, Chongluntz has always been a kingdom in its own right, Alayenia and Drachensgard were both kingdoms and much of central Radiatia was colonised hundreds of years ago by people fro a far distant land called "Vashura".

In LAI 924 the first attempt to unify these nations and states was made with the formation of the Radiatian Union. In LAI 927 it became the United Socialist States of Radiatia – a constitutionally socialist state. During the Fascist Interregnum of LAI 936-947 Radiatia expanded its borders and conquered and colonised new territories, pushing all the way up to Polaris, out into the western reaches of Radiatia Major and incorporating what was then known as Asgard Incognita and Drachensgard.

In LAI 947 following a civil war the Radiatian People’s Socialist Union was founded and the former nations, provinces and colonies eventually became the 43 states of the RPSU.

During this time the RPSU huge technological advancements and Radiatia was rapidly industrialised.

The Radiatian Federation was founded in LET 14, following the dissolution of the RPSU and is considered its successor state.

Modern day Radiatia has the largest economy in The Humanitarian League, and the largest military budget in the region. It is a recognised nuclear power.

It an active member of the Humanitarian League, although it currently not a member of the World Assembly.

[Radiatia]

Etymology:

The word “Radiatia” means “Great Northern Land” in Radiatian and it believed that this is how the continent of Radiatia (now known as Radiatia Major to distinguish itself from the country) got its name.

It is known that the word “Radia” means north, hence the irony of the State of Radia being Radiatia’s southernmost state, an endless source of amusement to Radiatian comedians.

[Radiatia]

History:

Early History:

There is no scientific consensus on when Radiatia was first inhabited, however the oldest human remains are found in Chongluntz, dating back approximately 3000 years. There is also evidence of nomadic peoples inhabiting what is now Alayenia sometime in the last 2000 years.

Radiatia was briefly explored during the Classical Period however the climate was deemed “too volatile” to be settled. It is also likely that there were a number of societies living in Southern Chongluntz at the time.

In approximately LFD 500, settlers from a distant land called Vashura landed at Vatfer and claimed most of "Radiatia Incognita" for themselves, exploring, expanding and colonising. The Vashurans made it as far inland as Skorptsch and settled most of central Radiatia, living agricultural lifestyles on the prairies.

It is also known that around this time the city of Aliyas was built which was to become the centre of a land known as Alayenia. It is believed that the original Alayenians were descendents of nomads who wandered the steppes.

Alayenia became a fairly sophisticated civilisation, forming trade routes with other nations.

It was along one trade route that it was noticed that nomads in the region known as “The Radia Plains” were becoming increasingly sophisticated. In approximately LAI 100 Alayenian maps officially recognised the “City of Radii”, the only ancient Radiatian city that survives today.

In approximately LAI 400 the City of Drachen was founded in the north, and the City of Chon was founded in the east.

Most of these nations and empires traded peacefully with each other, however there were minor skirmishes particularly in the west, between Radia and Alayenia, which resulted in the original city of Aliyas being completely burnt to the ground.

Radiatian Union

With trade increasing as well as modernisation and technology, as well as the rise of republicanism in certain nation-states, the Republic of Radia, the Kingdom of Narus, the Republic of Alayenia, the Republic of Numongolis and the Free Land of Chongluntz began negotiating to form a supernational body of co-operation, the original goal being to foster trade, communication and co-operation between the nations.

On April 7th LAI 924 the Radiatian Union was officially founded, with Radii deemed the capital. Increasingly the Radiatian Union became a confederation rather than a supernational body, with the Union government demanding a unified military force so that the territories of Detzertscha and Northern Chiridia could be conquered.

However in LAI 925 the people of Narus overthrew the monarchy and became Noctur’s first ever communist state. This caused a domino effect across the Radiatian Union and a second constitution was adopted. On March 16th LAI 927 the United Socialist States of Radiatia was born. It consisted of seven main provinces – Narus, Radia, Alayenia, Numongolis, Detzertscha, (Northern) Chiridia and Chongluntz.

The United Socialist States also purchased what was then known as “Radiatia Incognita” off Vashura, allowing them to expand as far north as Polaris.

However on December 20th LAI 935, Chairman Ignatius Verster was assassinated, supposedly by disgruntled Oriens Radiatians who were angry at Radiatia’s expansion into their territory. (Secret documents later revealed that the nationalists were responsible).

Fascist Interregnum and Civil War

A democratic election was held but was rigged so that Fyurid Exer could come to power. The First Radiatian Civil War followed between Socialist forces and Nationalist forces, however in LAI 936 the Socialists surrendered and the Nationalists declared the birth of the “Radiatian Empire” with the capital moved to the newly built city of Exegrad.

During this time Radiatia’s territory expanded emphatically, with Exer conquering and colonising the lands of Asgardia Incognita and conquering the Kingdoms of Norfus and Drachensgard. Road and –especially – rail infrastructure was also built mostly under Exer’s rule.

Fyurid Exer was especially brutal to Red Radiatians, with a racial policy that made them third class citizens – After White Radiatians and Traditional Radiatians. Over a million Red Radiatians were ruthlessly killed due to Exer’s desires to “Cleanse and Control the Entire Radiatian Continent!”

However increasingly people became disillusioned, and socialists began gathering for secret meetings in the wilderness of Southern Drachensgard. Eventually communists began rallying and the Radiatian People’s Liberation Army was formed, beginning the Second Radiatian Civil War, which lasted from LAI 945-947. Exer’s forces were unable to stand up against the Liberation Army. Eventually Fyurid Exer surrendered and was executed.

Radiatian People’s Socialist Union

On September 15th LAI 947 the third constitution was signed and the Radiatian People’s Socialist Union was born. The Liberation Army declared the city of Xerconia the capital. The RPSU was a Semi-Democratic Socialist Federation, and granted the seven original territories and republics of the Radiatian Union official “statehood”. Over the next few years the remaining territories and areas were divided into 43 States.

During this time the government launched a planned economy, widespread industrialisation and militarisation. Technology was rapidly advanced, including nuclear power, space exploration and satellite technology. There were regular elections, however the RPSU was a one-party state. The original Liberation Army remained under the direct control of the Board of Communist Party, while a semi-democratically elected Politburo controlled the Union Army.

Initially the Board of the Communist Party held joint executive power while legislative power rested with the Politburo and the individual state governments, however eventually the Board was dominated by a single member who became “Supreme Chancellor” while the head of the Politburo was “Grand Chancellor”.

The first Supreme Chancellor, Drake Zerkus, was a ruthless man who ran a totalitarian regime and crushed any and all dissenters. However Supreme Chancellors following him were less brutal and the RPSU became increasingly democratic.

In LAI 972 the RPSU became a two party state. While both parties were officially part of the communist party, differences emerged regarding social and military policy and so elections became a competition between the hardline communist and conservative Union Party and the more liberal and reformist Liberation Party.

However, a two party state is not a democracy^{(for the benefit of any Americans who might be reading)} and on April 13th LET 0 the world was shocked when Supreme Chancellor Vereinen Freiheit allowed the Union Army to open fire on a crowd of pro-democracy demonstrators in Exegrad, killing nearly 1000 of them, in an incident that is now referred to as “Black Friday”.

Under Grand Chancellor Pieter Makht, the RPSU embarked on a series of economic reforms that meant a slow transition toward a socialist market economy, and allowed Exegrad to become a “Special Economic Zone” – an area in which international investment and trade was encouraged. (Eventually the city of Das Engel was built and became Radiatia’s second “Special Economic Zone”).

In LET 7 the capitalist extremist group SPIRA, lead by the terrorist Don Innocento orchestrated a terrorist attack on Exegrad, killing several hundreds of people. There was also a minor bombing in a suburb of West Xerconia. Eventually the terrorists succeeded in assassinating RPSU Supreme Chancellor Ivan Neuleben, who remains the only major Radiatian leader to have been assassinated. He was replaced by the popular former Grand Chancellor Soden Perstesht.

Under Soden Perstesht the RPSU became increasingly democratic and minority rights, such as female suffrage, were recognised. However after the death of Perstesht he was replaced by the more hardline and totalitarian Trast Xinhua, who wished to have a return to the days of true communism.

Trast Xinhua began convicting people suspected of “Non-communist Activities” and attempted to shut down the Exegrad Special Economic Zone, which became the spark to ignite Third Radiatian Civil War.

Collapse of Communism

In LET 14 RPSU Supreme Chancellor announced that he planned to end Exegrad’s status as a “Special Economic Zone”, due his fear of ‘capitalist influence’. This sparked widespread protests and riots on the streets of Exegrad.

The Supreme Chancellor ordered the Liberation Army to quell the rebellion, however demonstrators armed themselves, under the guidance of revolutionary leader Draco Zerra, and ended up destroying every bridge into Exegrad.

Eventually the Union Army became involved, however Grand Chancellor Traiyan Silviu defied all expectations and ordered the Union Army to protect the protestors and fight against the Liberation Army. The Third Radiatian Civil War was violent, but only lasted a few weeks.

Eventually the Union Army reached Xerconia where Trast Xinhua surrendered and he and Traiyan Silviu negotiated and signed the “Constitutional Void Clause” which effectively dissolved the Radiatian People’s Socialist Union.

Chiridia, Numongolis, Narus, Chaunch, Norfus and Navanga all seceded from the RPSU and became independent nations. The remaining States formed the Radiatian Federation.

Radiatian Federation

On October 1st Let 14 the Radiatian Federation was officially founded, from the 35 remaining states of the RPSU.

The country was nearly bankrupt, after years of communism and having just waged a civil war and desperately needed economic stimulus.

Widespread privatisation occurred and shell-shocked Radiatians were forced to adapt to capitalism.

The first free and fair elections were held, with Traiyan Silviu elected the first President and Skortch Takita of the Conservative Party elected the first Prime Minister. The federal capital was moved to Radii and the main power of the Radiatian Federation was to rest with the Parliament, who were elected with proportional representation.

The Radiatian economy really got going when oil was discovered in Polaris. This allowed rapid economic growth in Radiatia and helped pay off the RPSU’s national debt, which Radiatia had taken on.

In LET 30 Lena Toriah became the first female Prime Minister and the United Democrats won an unexpected landslide victory.

In LET 31 the extremist terrorist group Gjenfodt began targeting and attacking Radiatian schools and kindergartens, killing over 3000 children in Radiatia’s worst terrorist attacks since the SPIRA bombings. This caused President Derro Vahnsehn to resign, triggering a constitutional crisis.

The Radiatian Government began drafting a new constitution which would solidly bind the nation together, working with people from all political parties and views.

A referendum was held and 90% of people voted in favour of the constitution. Thus it was ratified, and Yerkal Nathus was appointed the third President of the Radiatian Federation, this time by unanimous Federal Council vote as opposed to popular elections.

The federal capital was also returned to Xerconia, which was deemed Federal Capital Territory and to be controlled directly by the federal government.

[Radiatia]

Geography:



Radiatia is an enourmous country, with a total area of 18,710,000 km². It lies between latitudes 38°N and 84°N and longitudes 4°E and 51°E.

The largest state is the far northern State of Polaris, at 3,100,000 km², 16.57% of Radiatia’s total landmass, while the smallest state is Midgard at 40,000 km².

Radiatia has a wide variety of natural resources, including timber, oil, natural gas, uranium, coal and many ores and mineral resources, including iron, copper, magnesium, zinc and gold.

The southern portion of the peninsula Chongluntz is mostly deciduous forest and fertile plains, while along the eastern coast it gives way to Evergreen rainforests and taiga in the north. Mountain ranges run down the middle of the peninsula, and the other side dries to become prairies and steppes.

Moving further inland, plains give way to prairies, which give way to steppes, which give way to desert particularly in the south, in regions such as Xegfause, Detzertscha and Alayenia. Further north prairies slowly turn to tundra, while northern Polaris is permanently frozen.

The northwest in dominated by the extremely rocky Asgard Shield, which slowly moves north toward the Drachensgard Mountains, the largest mountain range in the Radiatian Federation. The Drachensgard mountains include Mt. Nörrite, the highest peak in Radiatia (7954m).

West of Drachensgard lies the Bahamatsu volcanic field, the most active field in Radiatia, and believed to have been home to a supervolcano thousands of years ago.

The Yissell Mountain range, which runs through Alayenia, divides the arid eastern Radiatia from the more forested and fertile west. The Yissell mountains are believed to be a major faultline. The other major faultline in Radiatia runs through the States of Clode, Garotch and Bahamatsu in the northwest.

Western Radiatia is the most cultivatable and fertile area, containing mostly forests and farmland.

Central Radiatia is mostly plains and prairies and is particularly prone to tornadoes.

There are huge wilderness areas in Radiatia, much of it still unexplored, and the ecology is considered megadiverse. Radiatia is home to many birds, reptiles and mammals, as well as many different kinds of plant life.

35% of the land is owned by the Federal Government, most of it either protected or used for mining. 5% is used for military purposes.

[Radiatia]

Climate:

Covering such a mass of land and latitudes, Radiatia has an incredibly wide variety of climates.

Southern Chongluntz is unique in having an Oceanic Climate (Köppen Cfb), while the rest of the peninsula is continental (Köppen Dfb). There is also a mountain range which features a number of microclimates.

Central and south-eastern states are arid, mostly prairies and steppes, with desert further south. (Köppen BSk and BWk).

The western states are mostly humid continental climates (Köppen Dfa or Dfb), while most of the northwest and northern states have a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc or Dfd).

The far north, particularly Polaris, is mostly tundra (Köppen ET), while the extreme northern parts of Polaris are frozen all year long. (Köppen EF).

The hottest temperature ever recorded in Radiatia was 51°C (123.8°F) at Meramon, Detzertscha.

The coldest temperature ever recorded in Radiatia was -68°C (-90°F) at Baag, Polaris.

Temperatures in most parts of Radiatia are known to be extreme, with some places known to average 40°C (104°F) in Summer and -40°C (-40°F) in Winter. Excluding coastal regions and the Western States, rainfall is usually very low.

[Radiatia]

Political Divisions:



Radiatia is a Federation comprised of 36 States. Each of these States has a Premier who serves as Head of State (and sometimes Head of Government) and also represents them on the Federal Council. Each State has the same degree of autonomy.

All 36 States were once part of the 43-state Radiatian People’s Socialist Union, and prior to that existed either as separate republics or territories.

The largest State is Alayenia, with a population of 40 million. It was also the last state to join the Radiatian Federation, having seceded from the RPSU in LET 14 and existed as an independent republic for 5 years.

Polaris is the smallest state in terms of population, with only 300,000 people.

Radiatia also features two notable federal territories – the first is the Federal Capital Territory which is administered directly by the Federal Government. If it was a State it would be the 9th largest with a population of 6,800,000. Federal Capital Territory has no representation on the Federal Council, however it is represented on the Federal Parliament by 13 MPs.

The other major federal territory is Zone 44, an area of 30,000 km² located between Drachensgard, Saskenya, Miitlania and Asgard entirely owned by the RFA and used mainly for weapons testing and other military purposes. It is believed to be uninhabited. The area was originally part of the State of Miitlania, but was sealed off as a result of the Miitlania City nuclear meltdown and has been used by the military ever since.

Radiatia also features a number of overseas military bases, most notably those in Nui-ta. These bases are usually very small but occasionally contain numbers of Radiatian troops and delegates, who are statistically considered to be part of the Federal Capital Territory.

States do not have the right to secede from the Radiatian Federation once they join.

[Radiatia]

Politics:

Radiatia is a Federal, Parliamentary, Representative Democratic Republic and is a multi-party democracy.

The Act of Constitution, in conjunction with the Bill of Rights and the Bill of Responsibilities serve as Original Law in Radiatia, although they were not officially adopted until LET 31, 17 years after the founding of the Radiatian Federation.

Most Radiatians are subject to four levels of government – Federal, State, Regional/Provincial and Local.

The Head of Local Government (Mayor), Head of Regional of Provincial Government (Head Mayor) and Head of State (Premier) are elected by First Past the Post Plurality Vote. Most local and regional governments and some State government legislatures are also elected with this method.

The Federal Parliament, along with many State governments, is elected using Mixed Member Proportional Representation, in which one FPTF vote is given to decide who will represent that Federal Electorate, and one Proportionally Representative vote is given to determine the share of list seats a Political Party may have.

The President, who acts as Head of State, is appointed by a unanimous vote of the Federal Council and serves for an indefinite length of time until he either resigns, is impeached or is declared physically or mentally unhealthy by the Supreme Court. In the event that a unanimous vote is not reached in the Federal Council, then a Popular Ballot will be held instead.

According to the constitution, Legislative Power lies with the Federal Politburo – which consists of the Federal Parliament as a Lower House and the Federal Council as the Upper House.

Executive power officially lies with the President, but also with the Federal Cabinet, which includes the Prime Minister.

Judicial power lies with the Supreme Court and lower Federal Courts, which are appointed by the President with the approval of at least half of the Federal Council.



The Federal Parliament has power of the purse, power to select the members of the Federal Cabinet and power to pass the main bulk of federal legislation. Parliament contains around 810 seats, including 405 electorate seats and 405 party list seats. A federal electorate represents 500,000 people, however States with populations of less than 500,000 are still given one seat on the federal parliament. The Prime Minister is usually the leader of the largest party in parliament, and always the leader of the governing party or coalition.

The Federal Council consists of one Premier for each of the 36 States, and, provided it has a support of the President and the support of at least 18 of its members, has the power to approve constitution amendments, declare war, declare states of emergencies and approve Supreme Court nominations. It also has the power to appoint the President by unanimous vote, and impeach him with a two-thirds majority.

The President possesses power to void any legislation, dissolve Parliament or the Federal Council, call an election, create portfolios on the Federal Cabinet, sign foreign treaties and is the nominal Commander-in-Chief of the RFA. The President is required to take an oath of neutrality, and is not to hold or be persuaded by his own political views, but rather to uphold the Constitution.

There are currently six main political parties in Radiatia: The Communist Party (Far Left), Greens (Left-wing), Workers Party (Centre-Left), United Democrats (Centre), Conservatives (Centre-Right) and Radiatian Destiny Party (Far Right).

No Party has uniquely dominated any aspect of Radiatian politics, with the first four parties having all controlled the Federal Council at some point, and the latter parties having at some point been in government, either alone or in coalition with another party.

The current President is Yerkal Nathus, who was appointed in LET 31.

The Prime Minister is Lena Toriah of the United Democrats, who is serving her second term.

The current government is a coalition between the Centrist United Democrats and the Centre-Left Workers Party.

The Chairman of the Federal Council is Samuel Negasi of the Workers Party, who are currently the largest party in the Federal Council as of LET 32, with 15/36 seats.

[Radiatia]

Foreign Relations

The Radiatian Federation is recognised as successor state to the Radiatian People’s Socialist Union. Radiatia has continued the majority of the RPSU’s commitments.

Radiatia is not a member of the World Assembly, although the government have planned a referendum on this.

Radiatia is a member of the Humanitarian League, and has a strong formal alliance with Nui-ta, as well as good relations and de facto alliances with other nations in the region, such as Crata and Aazeronia.

Radiatian spending on international aid is a contentious issue and tends to fluctuate based on who is in power.

Radiatia was recently given a Democracy Rating of 9/10 by an organisation based in ArghNeedAName, ranking it in the top tier of democratic nations, something that is unprecedented in Radiatian history.

[Radiatia]

Military

The President is the nominal Commander-in-Chief of all Radiatian armed forces, however in order to declare war or order any military action he needs approval from at least half of the Federal Council.

The Federal Ministry of Defence administers, funds and equips the Radiatian defence forces, however the Minister of Defence does not have any power to command the troops.

The armed forces are divided into the Radiatian Federal Army (RFA), Radiatian Federal Air Force (RFAF), Radiatian Federal Sea Force (RFSF) and Radiatian Special Elite Force (RSEF). All four branches are nominally under Presidential control.

The other branch that is occasionally considered part of Radiatia’s military is the Radiatian Special Operations Division (R-SOD) which acts as a secret service, military intelligence, espionage and counter-espionage as well as federal investigation and law enforcement branch. R-SOD is under the direct control of the Prime Minister, though it is obliged to inform and advise the President of its current operations, and inform the Leader of the Opposition of any national security concerns.

Military service is voluntary, though conscription does occur in times of war and any able bodied citizen who is unemployed for longer than two months is drafted into the RFA.

Radiatia has a total military of 6,940,890 personnel.

The RFA in particular currently has approximately 1,353,474 active troops, with a reserve force of 3,158,105.

Radiatia also has a nuclear stockpile, although it is in the slow process of disarmament.

Radiatia has a fully indigenous arms manufacturing industry.

Radiatia has a number of RFA military bases around the world, the most notable being those located in Nui-ta..

According to the Federal Ministry of Defence, Radiatia spent Ζ904 billion tsenyens on defence last year.

[Radiatia]

Economy

Radiatia has a mixed-market economy, which is funded by natural resources, primarily minerals, a well-developed infrastructure and high productivity. It combines a welfare state with free market capitalist activity.

It is the largest economy in the Humanitarian League with a GDP of US$12.393 Trillion, and has consistently ranked as the fastest growing economy in the region. Its GDP per capita is $61,068.

Agriculture and food is Radiatia’s largest import commodity, due to Radiatia’s volatile climate making it difficult for the Radiatian agriculture sector to feed the entire nation. It’s largest export commodity is manufactured goods.

The average yearly wage in Radiatia is Z19,000 Tsenyens per year, although 11% of Radiatians live below the poverty line, while 15% of the population earn over Z99,000 Tsenyens per year.

Radiatia has a relatively high Gini coefficient, which reflects the income divide. There is a notable urban-rural income divide, and it is also notable that southern Radiatians tend to be considerably richer than northern Radiatians, which the exception of Polaris who benefited from the oil boom.

Natural resources were originally Radiatia’s biggest exports, before the manufacturing sector took over. In LET 28, former Prime Minister Kurt Demodand announced that Radiatia had become a “Post-Industrial Economy”, with the service sector now contributing to 51% of the nation’s GDP.

Radiatia has a very low level of public debt, as the oil boom ensured rapid economic growth following the collapse of communism and helped Radiatia pay off most the RPSU’s debts. Radiatia passed peak oil production in LET 19.

Radiatia has an enormous energy sector and generates and sells energy to neighbouring countries.

The agriculture industry is tiny in Radiatia, however it does produce large amounts of corn and potatoes, and many well known brands of alcohol including Drachensgard Ale, Diifgrao Whiskey and Polaris Vodka.

Radiatia has an official unemployment rate of 3.37%, though this does not include the number of previously unemployed people who have been conscripted into the military.

The largest private employment sector is still the manufacturing industry. Radiatia has a progressive tax system, ranging from 12%-40% depending on income. State governments also have their own tax systems, which is usually in the form of a Sales and Transaction Tax (STT).

[Radiatia]

Human Development

Radiatia currently has a comprehensive welfare state with free universal healthcare guaranteed by the FHS (Federal Health Service), unemployment benefits (although after two months unemployed people are conscripted into the military), free education and care for the elderly.

Despite this, many Radiatians are still below the poverty line mainly due to geographic isolation. Radiatian welfare tends to favour the young over the old, with the retirement age in Radiatia at 70 – 7 years higher than the average life expectancy.

Much of the income inequality has to do with the “shock tactics” that were employed following the fall of communism, in which highly valuable state owned enterprises were sold cheaply, enabling people to make huge amounts of money of them while not redistributing that money.

Radiatia’s income divide is rapidly shrinking and the average wage and level of wealth appears to be growing.

Despite this Radiatia has the lowest HDI and highest income divide in the region.

[Radiatia]

Science and Technology:

Science and technology in Radiatia has historically ebbed and flowed, with Radiatia (and particularly Radia prior to Radiatian unification) often struggling to keep up with nations in the west, before accelerating and then becoming a leading technological figure, and then falling behind again.

In the early LAI 900s, while the western world had industrialised, Radia still relied on slavery, while Red Radiatian were living semi-nomadic lifestyles further north. However it began to accelerate after the death of Radia’s last emperor, Alexei VII, with heavy industry and electricity becoming more commonplace.

Technological advancement accelerated following the unification of Radiatia, especially while under communism.

Radiatia’s main technological achievements have predominantly been in the fields of military, transportation and energy, with Radiatia boasting hybrid-electric cars as long ago as LAI 960 (although they are no longer in use).
Radiatia also successfully developed nuclear weapons, and subsequently nuclear energy in LAI 970.

Radiatia has always had a keen interest in outer space, although initially this was a front for the RPSU’s missile program. Radiatia has launched a number of satellites into space, as well as two manned space flights, however it has been of less importance since the fall of communism and the Radiatian Space Agency has become a mostly private venture.

Radiatia has tended to have difficulty with telecommunications, due to its vast size, however the government has embarked on a massive project to ensure the entire nation is covered. Currently 90% of all urban areas have access to internet, although 60% of the nation (mostly rural areas) are telecommunications dead zones.

[Radiatia]

Infrastructure:

Radiatia has an extremely well-developed infrastructure, especially considering its enormous size.

Mass transit, including over long distances is used by the vast majority of Radiatians, due to its affordability and simplicity. Radiatia was one of the first nations on Noctur to develop high-speed electric rail, which has proven useful in travelling across the vast nation.

Almost every city has either an underground or light rail system, which is usually either very cheap or free to use, and most urban areas are linked the the Overland Rail Network, which is maintained by the Federal Government.

Although Radiatia is one of the largest automobile producing nations in the world, less than 50% of the population owns a car. Despite this Radiatia has a comprehensive Interstate highway system, which usually follows the Overland rail route. State governments also maintain their own roads and highways, and occasionally private companies do too. Ice roads are common in the far north in winter.

The oldest railway line is the one that runs from Radia to Chongluntz, through Detzertscha and Alayenia. The Radiatian Union and United Socialist States of Radiatia made rail infrastructure their first priority.

Infrastructure really boomed during the fascist interregnum, with Fyurid Exer building highways and railways as far north as Polaris, and setting the foundations for future infrastructure development, which happened under the RPSU.

Radiatia is also served by a large number of airports, and private planes and helicopters are a common occurrence – indeed helicopter ownership is only slightly less common than car ownership.

Most, but not all, Radiatian airports are at least partially owned by their local council while all airlines are privately owned, though the airline industry is regulated.

The Overland was briefly privatised, however it was bought back by former Prime Minister Jeneri Nazumi. Most metropolitan and urban public transport systems are publicly owned.

[Radiatia]

Environment:

Radiatia has increasingly suffered from severe levels of pollution and environmental degradation, including chronic air pollution in 8 of the 10 largest metropolises, as well as, until recently, a lack of safe drinking water. Desertification due to pollution is also a widespread problem.

Until LET 30 environmental protection was the responsibility of State governments, and as a result the some states were considerably cleaner than others. For example Radia and North Corpshire are ranked as the most environmentally friendly States in Radiatia, while Midgard and Miitlania in particular are heavy polluters.

Radiatian water quality improved after the fall of communism, most notably due to the efforts of certain private companies who began protecting clean water resources and distributing clean water to areas without safe water, such as the desert states.

In LET 30 the Federal Ministry of Environmental Protection was founded, which will ensure a more streamlined approach to environmental management, with aims to cut back pollution and promote sustainable and renewable energy sources, as well as protecting from desertification, promoting sustainable timber logging and regulating industry in order to prevent them from polluting Radiatia’s waterways.

10% of Radiatia’s power comes from wind turbines and 5% from hydroelectric power. The Ministry of Environmental Protection has plans to increase the number of wind turbines, hydroelectric power stations and use of solar power, and slowly lessen Radiatia’s reliance on nuclear power.

[Radiatia]

Demographics:

According to the most recent census, the Radiatian Federation has a population of 202,950,000 people, a growth rate of 3% since the fall of communism.

However, due in part to its enormous size and in part to it having a predominantly urbanised population, Radiatia has a fairly low population density.

The population is denser in the south and the west than in the north, with the densest areas being the State of Midgard, the Federal Capital Territory and southwestern Alayenia. The absolute densest area is Exegrad City in Alayenia with over 7000 people per square kilometre.

Conversely the far north is the least dense region, with the State of Polaris in particular having a population density of 0.09 people per square kilometre – or 10.3 square kilometres per person.

There is a slightly larger number of females than males.

51% of Radiatia’s population is made up of “Traditional Radiatians”, who are best identified by their having oriental facial features combined with blonde hair and blue eyes.

The next largest ethnic group is “White Radiatians” (Caucasians) who make up 29% of the populace, mostly in southern states such as Radia.

10% of the population are “Red Radiatians” who are descended from Vashuran colonisers who settled the central states of Radiatia. Red Radiatians are so-called because of their red-coloured eyes. Often they are the ethnic group most discriminated against and who also have the shortest average lifespan.

7% of Radiatians are “Yellow Radiatians” (Oriental/Asian) who mostly live in the eastern states.

3% are “Other”, mostly immigrants or descended from immigrants.

79.8% of the population live in urban areas, with 35.5% of people living in the 10 largest metropolises and over 50% living in towns or cities with over 200,000 people.

Largest Metropolitan Areas:

Rank:	Core City:	Metropolitan Population:	State:	Region:
1.	Exegrad	19,800,000	Alayenia	South
2.	Das Engel	10,000,000	Amentra	West
3.	Midgard	7,950,000	Midgard	Northwest
4.	Xerconia	6,800,000	Federal Capital Territory	South
5.	New Aliyas	6,500,000	Alayenia	South
6.	Nepschu	6,000,000	Chongluntz	East
7.	Radii	4,700,000	Radia	South
8.	Hyuganburg	4,300,000	Clode	West
9.	Musk	3,900,000	Vatfer	East
10.	Drachen	3,000,000	Drachensgard	Northwest

[Radiatia]

Language:

Radiatia is a multilingual nation, although it has a single official language on federal level in order to ensure smooth communication.

On a federal level the official language of Radiatia is Radiatian, specifically the Xerconian dialect. All Radiatians are legally required to speak the language, and all official documents and federal government business is carried out in Radiatian.

99% of Radiatians speak Radiatian, although only about 8% speak it as their only language and only around 20% speak it as a first language.

92% of Radiatians are bilingual, due to Radiatian states often having languages other than Radiatian as official languages.

The most common languages apart from Radiatian are:

- English (40%)
- Aliyan (21%)
- Chiridian (11%)
- Chon: (9%)
- Vashuran: (4%)
- Drachenese: (4%)
- Elduran (2%)
- Other (1%)

[Radiatia]

Religion:

According to Article VI, Section Four of the Act of Constitution, the Radiatian Federation does not have an official religion, however it does provide for limited freedom of religion.

Religious groups are barred from influencing the government, however politicians may practice a religion with Supreme Court approval.

Religious groups, especially those from abroad must meet the standards of the Office of Religious Immigration before being allowed to import or practice their faith there. Religions which preach non-scientific theories (such as faith-healing and creationism) are banned, as are religions which preach discrimination (such as against women or homosexuals).

70% of Radiatians identify as non-religious, with 40% identifying as atheist and 30% as agnostic. The number of atheists in Radiatia is falling, and it is believed to be so high due to Radiatia having previously been a State Atheist nation.

15% of the nation are Christians, 10% being Anglican or Protestant and 5% being Orthodox, Catholic or Apostolic.
Pentecostal and Fundamentalist forms of Christianity are banned.

Although there are Muslims in Radiatia, most forms of Islam are officially banned at present.

10% of the nation are Occultist, Pagan, New Age or Buddhist.

5% practice other religions.

[Radiatia]

Education:

Radiatia has a free education system, which is operated by State and Local governments but funded primarily by the Federal Ministry of Education, although often by state governments as well.

There is no consensus on when children must attend school, and the curriculum also differs greatly from state to state. Some states allow home-schooling and some allow private schooling, however private schools receive no funding from the federal government.

All Radiatians are required to take the Federal Education Standard (FES) at age 16 and under federal law all schools, including private schools, in all states must teach the federal education standard.

The federal education standard involves ensuring that students are able to read, write, speak and comprehend Radiatian, that they understand basic life skills including things such as managing money and cooking, and ensures that they have a solid grasp on Radiatian history and civics so as to be able to participate as well informed citizens in a democracy. No student in any state of Radiatia may leave school without passing the Federal Education Standard.

Radiatia has a number of universities, most of which a privately funded though every state has at least one university funded by the State Government. The Federal Government funds tertiary students through student loans, free accommodation and a small stipend.

Radiatia’s oldest universities are the University of Central Radii, the University of Alayenia and the University of Saku. Along with the University of Exegrad and the University of Xerconia, they are considered the “Educational Elite”, which is the common name for the top 5 universities in Radiatia.

[Radiatia]

Health:

Healthcare was privatised following the fall of communism, mainly due to the new government being near-bankrupt and unable to afford it.

However in LET 30 Prime Minister Lena Toriah set up the Federal Health Service, a taxpayer funded venture that supposedly guarantees Radiatians free universal healthcare. Although there was, and is, much controversy surrounding the FHS, in LET 31 the right to free universal healthcare and the existence of the FHS was enshrined in the constitution.

In actuality only 97% of Radiatians have access to healthcare, due to geographic isolation, although the FHS and RFAF jointly run a flying doctor service and measures are being taken to combat this.

24% of Radiatians are obese, while 15% are considered malnourished.

The average life expectancy across the nation is 63.03 years, although it is considerably higher in southern states (where it is often around 75 years) than in central or northern states. Key factors include a high mortality rate in terms of preventable things such as industrial accidents, alcoholism, suicide, murder as well as exposure to Radiatia’s incredibly harsh climate.

[Radiatia]

Crime and Law Enforcement:

Officially, all law enforcement is handled by the military and there is no distinction between the military and the police (better known in Radiatia as “Policy Enforcers”).

Every State has a “State Army” which was originally designed to be a militia or defence force, but is now used for Policy Enforcement. Occasionally large municipal governments will be given their own police force, which will usually be a branch of the larger State Army. Notable examples include the Exegrad Metropolitan Police, the Das Engel Police Enforcement Department (DEPED) and the Xerconia Policy Enforcement Department (XPED), the latter of which is actually a branch of the RFA.

Federal laws are enforced by the RFA, although the R-SOD’s Internal Branch is also used as a federal investigative body.

While it is the responsibility of the State governments to equip and fund their state armies, some funding does come from the Federal Ministry of Law and Order.

The Federal Ministry of Law and Order also overseas the Department of Justice, the Department of Corrections and other related matters, however it mainly regulates these matters by controlling funding, rather than interfering directly in matters which are usually handled at State level.

The crime rate increased dramatically following the collapse of communism, but is still considerably lower than in most of the world.

Under Radiatian law, someone who is arrested (prosecuted) for a crime is guilty until proven innocent. However, a prosecuted person may not be incarcerated for longer than 28 days without facing trial, in which case they are released until the date of the trial. The trial is almost always by jury, who decide whether to convict or acquit the prosecuted person.

Capital punishment is sanctioned and used by the federal government, and also by 29 of the 36 states. The Radiatian Federation usually executes 50-100 people in a year, on average.
Alayenia was the first state to abolish the death penalty, followed by Radia, Vatfer, Chongluntz, Detzertscha, Saku and Jingyurin.

[Radiatia]

Culture:

Main Article: Etiquette of the Radiatian Federation

Radiatia is a somewhat multicultural country, owing to it being a union of what were once separate nations, tribes and cultures and as such things differ from region to region. As a general rule there are six main culture types in Radiatia, pertaining to geographical location – the South, the West, the Northwest, the Central States, the Far North and the East.

Usually the further west one goes the more laid-back the culture is, while the further north you go the more open and friendly the culture is. For example people in the Chongluntz in the south east are often serious and reserved, while people in Drachensgard in the north west tend to be friendly and laid back. Conversely, people from Amentra in the south west tend to be laid back but sometimes impolite, while people from Vatfer in the north east tend to be friendly but hardworking.

Radiatians value and prize “efficiency” above all things, and tend to value people who work hard and fast, and also tend to be rather blunt in conversation.

Also, despite their socialist past, Radiatians are staunchly individualistic, and Radiatian culture even goes so far as to eschew the importance of the family.

Radiatia does not have full freedom of speech, as tolerance is valued more highly and Radiatians tend to keep their opinions to themselves when in public.

Arts and Media:

Art has always been valued in Radiatian society, even under communism. In fact artistic expression was the only way of legally criticising the government during the totalitarian years of the RPSU.

Radiatians are heavy consumers of internet, television and the media. There are hundreds of news channels, most of which are private though some, such as RPNN, are partially owned by the government.

Media is regulated by the Federal Ministry of Arts and Media, who usually make sure the the media is unbiased and that there is no hate speech or discrimination being perpetuated.

The Radiatian Film and Television industry is huge and growing all the more, with most of it centring around Das Engel, although RPNN among others is based in Exegrad. Radiatia also has a large adult film industry, based mainly in Xerconia and also in certain Central States.

Exegrad and Radii are the two centres for literature, with Exegrad in particular the centre of the publishing industry. Radii is also the home of Radiatia’s oldest cultural artefacts and is a haven for visual arts, as is New Aliyas.

Radiatia has a large music industry, having developed a number of its own genres including Exegrad Electric and Drachensgard Death Metal.

Stand-up comedy is also highly valued, especially in the Western States, with Radiatian comedians and satirists being important cultural figures going back to the legendary comedian Yamas Tweed, who satirised and questioned the communist regime, first introduced Radiatians to the concept of free speech and was one of the first Radiatians to ever leave the country.

Sports:

The most popular spectator sport in Radiatia is English Football, with the Radiatian Football League (RFL) attracting millions of spectators. This is closely followed by the Radiatian Rugby Union (RRU).

In football, Team Radiatia was a quarterfinalist during the Baptism of Fire 46.

Baseball is popular, and Radiatia has a number of violent indigenous sports, including Radiatian Football (a form of rugby in which people knock each other with sticks instead of tackle) and Fatton Stilts, a game developed in Luntzbusch by a nobleman named Fatton von Stiltsmann, who would beat his peasants and award a prize to whoever survived. The game is slightly less violent today, however deaths do occur often.

Radiatians also enjoy skiing and motor sports.

National Holidays:

Radiatia celebrates 4 national holidays,plus the New Year’s public holiday week:

- 1st January: New Years Day
- 2nd January: New Years Holiday
- April 7th: Union Day
- July 22nd: Presidents Day
- September 15th: Victory Day
- October 1st: Federation Day
- December 27th: New Years Holiday
- December 28th: New Years Holiday
- December 29th: New Years Holiday
- December 30th: New Years Holiday
- December 31st: New Years Eve

[Radiatia]

Time Zones:

Radiatia covers 6 time zones ranging from UST +1 to UST +6. There is no daylight savings in Radiatia.

This lists the time zone of each state:

WESTERN STANDARD TIME (UST +1):
- Luntzbusch
- Resterbury
- Clode

DAS ENGEL STANDARD TIME (UST +2):
- Amentra
- Mendovium
- Tuvea
- Garotch
- Bahamatsu

RADIA STANDARD TIME (UST +3):
- Radia
- Jingyurin
- Tchort
- Saku
- South Corpshire
- North Corpshire
- Midgard
- Asgard
- Drachensgard

EXEGRAD STANDARD TIME (UST +4):
- Alayenia
- Diifgrao
- New Vashura
- Skorptsch
- Miitlania
- Mus
- Saskenya
- Zorbakh
- Pfantz

XERCONIA STANDARD TIME (UST+5):
- Detzertscha
- Federal Capital Territory
- Xegfause
- Gyanberk
- Kerpruss
- Tathika
- Ziigrut
- Diatara
- Polaris

EASTERN STANDARD TIME (UST +6):
- Chongluntz
- Vatfer