Daoguang Emperor (Henry I) - 1820 to 1895 (born 1782, Emperor Dowager until 1898)
Catherine I (Aigi Empress) - 1895 to 1919 (b. 1821, d. 1919)
Henry II - 1919 to 1937 (b. 1836, d. 1937)
Catherine II - 1937 to 1972 (b. 1866, d. 1972)
Catherine III - 1972 to 1981 (b. 1892, d. 1981)
Catherine IV - 1981 to 2014 (b. 1920)
Henry III - 2014 to present (b. 1947)
Crown Prince Andrew (b. 1967)
2nd in line Prince Andrew (b. 1990)
3rd in line Princess Mara (b. 2011)
Catherine I (Aigi Empress) - 1895 to 1919 (b. 1821, d. 1919)
Henry II - 1919 to 1937 (b. 1836, d. 1937)
Catherine II - 1937 to 1972 (b. 1866, d. 1972)
Catherine III - 1972 to 1981 (b. 1892, d. 1981)
Catherine IV - 1981 to 2014 (b. 1920)
Henry III - 2014 to present (b. 1947)
Crown Prince Andrew (b. 1967)
2nd in line Prince Andrew (b. 1990)
3rd in line Princess Mara (b. 2011)
Qing Zhou - Zuo - 1836-1841 (b. July 4, 1788 in Beijing, d. Sept. 3, 1847)
Li Hayue - You - 1841-1852 (b. Sept. 12, 1812 in Shanghai, d. Sept. 11, 1865)
Liu Yuan - Zuo - 1852-1857 (b. Sept. 21, 1794 in Macau, d. July 15, 1888)
Hong Xiunquan - Zhongxin - 1857-1860 (b. Jan. 1, 1814 in Hua County, d. Dec. 31, 1902), first term
Shu Chang - Socialists (Shèhuì dǎng) - 1860-1870 (b. Sept. 18, 1819 in Chengdu, d. Sept. 28, 1898)
Hong Xiunquan - Reformists (Gǎigé dǎng) - 1870-1876 (b. Jan. 1, 1814 in Hua County, d. Dec. 31, 1902), second term
Choden Namgyal - Conservatives (Bǎoshǒu dǎng) - 1876-1886 (b. April 11, 1844 in Lhasa, d. Nov. 21, 1916)
Mao Zhou - Socialists - 1886-1886 (b. Sept. 1, 1839 in Shanghai, d. Oct. 19, 1923)
Niohuru Jiao - Conservatives - 1896-1911 (b. Sept. 16, 1847 in Changchun, d. July 22, 1940)
Choi Buk - Socialists - 1911-1926 (b. Sept. 6, 1878 in Antong, d. Nov. 10, 1965)
Khorloogiin Choibalsan - Socialists - 1926-1930 (b. Feb. 8, 1895 in Bayan Tumen, d. Jan. 26, 1952), first term
Li Huang - Conservatives - 1930-1933 (b. Sept. 9, 1869 in Nanjing, d. Sept. 18, 1957)
Khorloogiin Choibalsan - Socialists - 1933-1938 (b. Feb. 8, 1895 in Bayan Tumen, d. Jan. 26, 1952), second term
Jung Kai - Conservatives - 1938-1943 (b. Sept. 1, 1886 in Hong Kong, d. Nov. 9, 1989)
Khorloogiin Choibalsan - Socialists - 1943-1948 (b. Feb. 8, 1895 in Bayan Tumen, d. Jan. 26, 1952), third term
Im Pei - Conservatives - 1948-1949 (b. Sept. 16, 1900 in Shanghai, d. July 3, 2003)
Khorloogiin Choibalsan - Socialists - 1949-1952 (b. Feb. 8, 1895 in Bayan Tumen, d. Jan. 26, 1952), fourth term
Jampa Phuntsok - Socialists - 1952-1954 (b. Oct. 8, 1926 in Shigatse), first term
Qing Bao - Reformists - 1954-1955 (b. Aug. 30, 1896 in Beijing, d. Feb. 11, 1956)
Jomo Kenyatta* - Socialists - 1955-1960 (b. c. 1889 in Gatunda, d. Aug. 22, 1978)
Ibraham Nasir** - Conservatives - 1960-1962 (b. Sept. 22, 1926 in Fuvahmulah, d. Nov. 22, 2008 in Male)
Mao Zedong - Conservatives - 1962-1965 (b. Dec. 26, 1893 in Shaoshan, d. Sept. 9, 1976)
Zordun Samedi - Socialists - 1965-1975 (b. Feb. 11, 1932 in Urumqi)
Jampa Phuntsok - Socialists - 1975-1983 (b. Oct. 8, 1926 in Shigatse), changed parties, second term
Stephan Dionne - Conservatives - 1983-1988 (b. April 30, 1959 in Shanghai)
Lee Eun-Hye - Reformists - 1988-1991 (b. Jan. 1, 1913 in Antong, d. Dec. 25, 1991)
Li Niohuru - Reformists - 1991-1996 (b. Sept. 22, 1936 in Hebei)
Hu Jintao - Socialists - 1996-2001 (b. Dec. 21, 1942 in Taizhou, d. Sept. 11, 2001)
Jiang Qing - Socialists - 2001-2003 (b. Mar. 19, 1914 in Zhucheng)
Ma Ying-jeou - Conservatives - 2003-2013 (b. July 13, 1950 in Hong Kong)
Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj - Reformists - 2013-present (b. Mar. 30, 1963 in Zereg)
**President of Kenya (1960-1978)
***President of the Republic of the Maldives (1968-1978)
Li Hayue - You - 1841-1852 (b. Sept. 12, 1812 in Shanghai, d. Sept. 11, 1865)
Liu Yuan - Zuo - 1852-1857 (b. Sept. 21, 1794 in Macau, d. July 15, 1888)
Hong Xiunquan - Zhongxin - 1857-1860 (b. Jan. 1, 1814 in Hua County, d. Dec. 31, 1902), first term
Shu Chang - Socialists (Shèhuì dǎng) - 1860-1870 (b. Sept. 18, 1819 in Chengdu, d. Sept. 28, 1898)
Hong Xiunquan - Reformists (Gǎigé dǎng) - 1870-1876 (b. Jan. 1, 1814 in Hua County, d. Dec. 31, 1902), second term
Choden Namgyal - Conservatives (Bǎoshǒu dǎng) - 1876-1886 (b. April 11, 1844 in Lhasa, d. Nov. 21, 1916)
Mao Zhou - Socialists - 1886-1886 (b. Sept. 1, 1839 in Shanghai, d. Oct. 19, 1923)
Niohuru Jiao - Conservatives - 1896-1911 (b. Sept. 16, 1847 in Changchun, d. July 22, 1940)
Choi Buk - Socialists - 1911-1926 (b. Sept. 6, 1878 in Antong, d. Nov. 10, 1965)
Khorloogiin Choibalsan - Socialists - 1926-1930 (b. Feb. 8, 1895 in Bayan Tumen, d. Jan. 26, 1952), first term
Li Huang - Conservatives - 1930-1933 (b. Sept. 9, 1869 in Nanjing, d. Sept. 18, 1957)
Khorloogiin Choibalsan - Socialists - 1933-1938 (b. Feb. 8, 1895 in Bayan Tumen, d. Jan. 26, 1952), second term
Jung Kai - Conservatives - 1938-1943 (b. Sept. 1, 1886 in Hong Kong, d. Nov. 9, 1989)
Khorloogiin Choibalsan - Socialists - 1943-1948 (b. Feb. 8, 1895 in Bayan Tumen, d. Jan. 26, 1952), third term
Im Pei - Conservatives - 1948-1949 (b. Sept. 16, 1900 in Shanghai, d. July 3, 2003)
Khorloogiin Choibalsan - Socialists - 1949-1952 (b. Feb. 8, 1895 in Bayan Tumen, d. Jan. 26, 1952), fourth term
Jampa Phuntsok - Socialists - 1952-1954 (b. Oct. 8, 1926 in Shigatse), first term
Qing Bao - Reformists - 1954-1955 (b. Aug. 30, 1896 in Beijing, d. Feb. 11, 1956)
Jomo Kenyatta* - Socialists - 1955-1960 (b. c. 1889 in Gatunda, d. Aug. 22, 1978)
Ibraham Nasir** - Conservatives - 1960-1962 (b. Sept. 22, 1926 in Fuvahmulah, d. Nov. 22, 2008 in Male)
Mao Zedong - Conservatives - 1962-1965 (b. Dec. 26, 1893 in Shaoshan, d. Sept. 9, 1976)
Zordun Samedi - Socialists - 1965-1975 (b. Feb. 11, 1932 in Urumqi)
Jampa Phuntsok - Socialists - 1975-1983 (b. Oct. 8, 1926 in Shigatse), changed parties, second term
Stephan Dionne - Conservatives - 1983-1988 (b. April 30, 1959 in Shanghai)
Lee Eun-Hye - Reformists - 1988-1991 (b. Jan. 1, 1913 in Antong, d. Dec. 25, 1991)
Li Niohuru - Reformists - 1991-1996 (b. Sept. 22, 1936 in Hebei)
Hu Jintao - Socialists - 1996-2001 (b. Dec. 21, 1942 in Taizhou, d. Sept. 11, 2001)
Jiang Qing - Socialists - 2001-2003 (b. Mar. 19, 1914 in Zhucheng)
Ma Ying-jeou - Conservatives - 2003-2013 (b. July 13, 1950 in Hong Kong)
Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj - Reformists - 2013-present (b. Mar. 30, 1963 in Zereg)
**President of Kenya (1960-1978)
***President of the Republic of the Maldives (1968-1978)
PORTUGAL - founded 1139 leaders not listed prior to 1837
Peter V - 1837 to 1861 (b. 1821, d. 1861)
Louis I - 1861 to 1889 (b. 1837, d. 1889)
Charles I - 1889 to 1908 (b. 1863, d. 1908)
Louis II* - 1908 to 1910 (b. 1887, d. 1950)
*Overthrown
Louis I - 1861 to 1889 (b. 1837, d. 1889)
Charles I - 1889 to 1908 (b. 1863, d. 1908)
Louis II* - 1908 to 1910 (b. 1887, d. 1950)
*Overthrown
none - 1837 to 1908
Teófilo Braga - 1908 to 1924 - Independent until 1913, Social-Democraticas (Social Democrats) - (b. 1843, d. 1924)
Bernardino Machado - 1924 to 1928 - Social-Democraticas - (b. 1851, d. 1944)
António de Oliveira Salazar* - 1928 to 1970 - Nacionalistas (Nationalists) - (b. 1889, d. 1970)
Francisco Franco* - 1970 to 1974 - Nacionalistas - (b. 1906, d. 1980)
António de Spínola - 1974 - Conselho de Salvação Nacional - (b. 1910, d. 1996)
Adelino da Palma Carlos - 1974 - Independent - (b. 1905, d. 1992)
Vasco Gonçalves - 1974 to 1975 - Partido Revolucionário Popular de Trabalho de Portugal (Revolutionary Working People's Party) - (b. 1922, d. 2005)
José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo - 1975 to 1976 - Partido Revolucionário Popular de Trabalho de Portugal - (b. 1917, d. 1983)
Vasco de Almeida e Costa - 1976 - Independent - (b. 1932, d. 2010)
Mário Soares - 1976 to 1985 - Socialistas - (b. 1924)
Aníbal Cavaco Silva - 1985 to 1995 - Social-Democraticas - (b. 1939)
António Guterres - 1995 to 2002 - Socialistas - (b. 1949)
José Manuel Barroso - 2002 to 2004 - Social-Democraticas (b. 1956)
Pedro Santana Lopes - 2004 to 2005 - Social-Democraticas - (b. 1956)
José Sócrates - 2005 to 2011 - Socialistas - (b. 1957)
Pedro Passos Coelho - 2011 to present - Social-Democraticas - (b. 1964)
*Estado Novo, overthrown in Carnation Revolution
Teófilo Braga - 1908 to 1924 - Independent until 1913, Social-Democraticas (Social Democrats) - (b. 1843, d. 1924)
Bernardino Machado - 1924 to 1928 - Social-Democraticas - (b. 1851, d. 1944)
António de Oliveira Salazar* - 1928 to 1970 - Nacionalistas (Nationalists) - (b. 1889, d. 1970)
Francisco Franco* - 1970 to 1974 - Nacionalistas - (b. 1906, d. 1980)
António de Spínola - 1974 - Conselho de Salvação Nacional - (b. 1910, d. 1996)
Adelino da Palma Carlos - 1974 - Independent - (b. 1905, d. 1992)
Vasco Gonçalves - 1974 to 1975 - Partido Revolucionário Popular de Trabalho de Portugal (Revolutionary Working People's Party) - (b. 1922, d. 2005)
José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo - 1975 to 1976 - Partido Revolucionário Popular de Trabalho de Portugal - (b. 1917, d. 1983)
Vasco de Almeida e Costa - 1976 - Independent - (b. 1932, d. 2010)
Mário Soares - 1976 to 1985 - Socialistas - (b. 1924)
Aníbal Cavaco Silva - 1985 to 1995 - Social-Democraticas - (b. 1939)
António Guterres - 1995 to 2002 - Socialistas - (b. 1949)
José Manuel Barroso - 2002 to 2004 - Social-Democraticas (b. 1956)
Pedro Santana Lopes - 2004 to 2005 - Social-Democraticas - (b. 1956)
José Sócrates - 2005 to 2011 - Socialistas - (b. 1957)
Pedro Passos Coelho - 2011 to present - Social-Democraticas - (b. 1964)
*Estado Novo, overthrown in Carnation Revolution
GUYANE - founded 1797
Jean-Charles Pichegru, 1797-1837 (b. Feb. 16, 1761, d. Sept. 21, 1841, born in France)
Miel Dessalines, 1837-1847 (b. July 14, 1799, d. Dec. 22, 1880)
Jean-Jacques Leon, 1847-1852 (b. Sept. 11, 1800, d. July 1, 1867)
Henri Marcheal, 1852-1862 (b. August 4, 1804, d. Mar. 11, 1877)
Gerrard Tremblay, 1862-1872 (b. Sept. 16, 1825, d. Mar. 17, 1920)
Jacques Chouan, 1872-1877 (b. May 16, 1823, d. May 26, 1906)
Oliver Johnson, 1877-1887 (b. Oct. 9, 1837, d. Dec. 21, 1943, born in West Guyana)
Andzrej Dessalines, 1887-1897 (b. Sept. 1, 1839, d. Sept. 1, 1939, born in Little Poland in East Guyana)
Albert Robespierre, 1897-1902 (b. July 1, 1860, d. Jan. 9, 1949)
Ambre Capet, 1902-1912 (b. Sept. 26, 1866, d. July 1, 1967)
William Cook, 1912-1915 (b. Sept. 13, 1841, d. Mar. 19, 1915, born in West Guyana)
Carine Calixte, 1915-1917 (b. Sept. 8, 1857, d. Sept. 3, 1945), acting President, first part
Cory Burchill, 1917-1922 (b. Mar. 17, 1882, d. Nov. 22, 1978, born in West Guyana)
Carine Calixte, 1922-1932 (b. Sept. 8, 1857, d. Sept. 3, 1945), second part
Gregory Hunter, 1932-1937 (b. Oct. 9, 1887, d. Oct. 16, 1998, born in West Guyana)
Edmund Miller, 1937-1947 (b. Aug. 15, 1877, d. Dec. 20, 1961, born in West Guyana)
Elizabeth Johnson, 1947-1957 (b. Sept. 16, 1907, d. Mar. 22, 2010, born in West Guyana)
Charlot Ford, 1957-1963 (b. May 19, 1917, d. Nov. 22, 1963)
Peter Dessalines, 1963-1967 (b. Feb. 14, 1926, d. Nov. 22, 2013), acting President, first part
Peter Dessalines, 1967-1972 (b. Feb. 14, 1926, d. Nov. 22, 2013), second part
John Warow, 1972-1982 (b. Sept 8, 1936, born in West Guyana)
Claude Constantin, 1982-1987 (b. Sept. 3, 1945)
Laurent Margaux, 1987-1997 (b. Aug. 28, 1958)
Lee Shu-Kai, 1997-2002 (b. Mar. 16, 1942, born in China, naturalized 1972)
Alison Toews, 2002-2012 (b. Sept. 6, 1941, born in West Guyana)
Jean-Charles Dieudonne, 2012- (b. May 2, 1970)
Miel Dessalines, 1837-1847 (b. July 14, 1799, d. Dec. 22, 1880)
Jean-Jacques Leon, 1847-1852 (b. Sept. 11, 1800, d. July 1, 1867)
Henri Marcheal, 1852-1862 (b. August 4, 1804, d. Mar. 11, 1877)
Gerrard Tremblay, 1862-1872 (b. Sept. 16, 1825, d. Mar. 17, 1920)
Jacques Chouan, 1872-1877 (b. May 16, 1823, d. May 26, 1906)
Oliver Johnson, 1877-1887 (b. Oct. 9, 1837, d. Dec. 21, 1943, born in West Guyana)
Andzrej Dessalines, 1887-1897 (b. Sept. 1, 1839, d. Sept. 1, 1939, born in Little Poland in East Guyana)
Albert Robespierre, 1897-1902 (b. July 1, 1860, d. Jan. 9, 1949)
Ambre Capet, 1902-1912 (b. Sept. 26, 1866, d. July 1, 1967)
William Cook, 1912-1915 (b. Sept. 13, 1841, d. Mar. 19, 1915, born in West Guyana)
Carine Calixte, 1915-1917 (b. Sept. 8, 1857, d. Sept. 3, 1945), acting President, first part
Cory Burchill, 1917-1922 (b. Mar. 17, 1882, d. Nov. 22, 1978, born in West Guyana)
Carine Calixte, 1922-1932 (b. Sept. 8, 1857, d. Sept. 3, 1945), second part
Gregory Hunter, 1932-1937 (b. Oct. 9, 1887, d. Oct. 16, 1998, born in West Guyana)
Edmund Miller, 1937-1947 (b. Aug. 15, 1877, d. Dec. 20, 1961, born in West Guyana)
Elizabeth Johnson, 1947-1957 (b. Sept. 16, 1907, d. Mar. 22, 2010, born in West Guyana)
Charlot Ford, 1957-1963 (b. May 19, 1917, d. Nov. 22, 1963)
Peter Dessalines, 1963-1967 (b. Feb. 14, 1926, d. Nov. 22, 2013), acting President, first part
Peter Dessalines, 1967-1972 (b. Feb. 14, 1926, d. Nov. 22, 2013), second part
John Warow, 1972-1982 (b. Sept 8, 1936, born in West Guyana)
Claude Constantin, 1982-1987 (b. Sept. 3, 1945)
Laurent Margaux, 1987-1997 (b. Aug. 28, 1958)
Lee Shu-Kai, 1997-2002 (b. Mar. 16, 1942, born in China, naturalized 1972)
Alison Toews, 2002-2012 (b. Sept. 6, 1941, born in West Guyana)
Jean-Charles Dieudonne, 2012- (b. May 2, 1970)
CRIMEA - founded 1839 (assuming Ukraine or Rum doesn't take it over again)
Kemal Giray - 1839 to 1909 (b. 1803, d. 1909, excluding Ukrainian occupation)
Altan Giray - 1909 to 1929 (b. 1841, d. 1929)
Mustafa Giray - 1929 to 1984 (b. 1880, d. 1984)
Abdullah Giray - 1984 to 2005 (b. 1917, d. 2005)
Osman Giray - 2005 to present (b. 1950)
Bebek (Crown Princess or Crown Prince), Sema Giray (b. 1985)
Torun (second in line) Nevzad Giray (b. 2009)
Altan Giray - 1909 to 1929 (b. 1841, d. 1929)
Mustafa Giray - 1929 to 1984 (b. 1880, d. 1984)
Abdullah Giray - 1984 to 2005 (b. 1917, d. 2005)
Osman Giray - 2005 to present (b. 1950)
Bebek (Crown Princess or Crown Prince), Sema Giray (b. 1985)
Torun (second in line) Nevzad Giray (b. 2009)
Ruşan Akhatov - 1839 to 1870 - non-partisan (b. 1808, d. 1877)
Ibrahim Ahmet - 1870 to 1890 - Milliyetçi (Nationalists) - (b. 1817, d. 1896)
Refat Kemal - 1890 to 1910 - Milliyetçi - (b. 1837, d. 1932)
Abdullah Chubarov - 1910 to 1918 - Milliyetçi - (b. 1854, d. 1928)
Recep Okyar - 1918 to 1923 - Yeni Demokratik (New Democratic Party) (b. 1849, d. 1944)
Mehmet Sezer - 1923 to 1935 - Yeni Demokratik - (b. 1870, d. 1951)
Altan Demirel - 1935 to 1945 - Milliyetçi - (b. 1878, d. 1945)
Mustafa Bumin - 1945 to 1970 - Milliyetçi - (b. 1894, d. 1991)
Viktor Yanukovich - 1970 to 1972 - Yeni Demokratik - (b. 1914, d. 2003, removed for violating bribery and corruption laws)
Semra Sezer - 1972 to 1987 - Milliyetçi - (b. 1921, d. 2009)
Osman Yeşil - 1987 to 1990 - Yeni Demokratik - (b. 1919)
Kani Vran - 1990 to 2000 - Milliyetçi - (b. 1947)
Mahmut Cuhruk - 2000 to 2005 - Yenileme - (b. 1939, d. 2013)
Leonid Kuchmov - 2005 to present - Yeni Demokratik - (b. 1945)
Ibrahim Ahmet - 1870 to 1890 - Milliyetçi (Nationalists) - (b. 1817, d. 1896)
Refat Kemal - 1890 to 1910 - Milliyetçi - (b. 1837, d. 1932)
Abdullah Chubarov - 1910 to 1918 - Milliyetçi - (b. 1854, d. 1928)
Recep Okyar - 1918 to 1923 - Yeni Demokratik (New Democratic Party) (b. 1849, d. 1944)
Mehmet Sezer - 1923 to 1935 - Yeni Demokratik - (b. 1870, d. 1951)
Altan Demirel - 1935 to 1945 - Milliyetçi - (b. 1878, d. 1945)
Mustafa Bumin - 1945 to 1970 - Milliyetçi - (b. 1894, d. 1991)
Viktor Yanukovich - 1970 to 1972 - Yeni Demokratik - (b. 1914, d. 2003, removed for violating bribery and corruption laws)
Semra Sezer - 1972 to 1987 - Milliyetçi - (b. 1921, d. 2009)
Osman Yeşil - 1987 to 1990 - Yeni Demokratik - (b. 1919)
Kani Vran - 1990 to 2000 - Milliyetçi - (b. 1947)
Mahmut Cuhruk - 2000 to 2005 - Yenileme - (b. 1939, d. 2013)
Leonid Kuchmov - 2005 to present - Yeni Demokratik - (b. 1945)
AFGHANISTAN - founded 1959/1978*
Tao Zhu` - none - 1959 to 1965 - (b. 1908, d. 1969)
Kang Sheng - National Chuntudi Party - 1965 to 1975 - (b. 1898, d. 1975)
Zhou Chundu - National Chuntudi Party - 1975 to 1977 - (b. 1915, d. 1981)
Ye Jianying - National Chuntudi Party - 1977 to 1978 - (b. 1897, d. 1986)
`as Officer Administrating the Government from 1959 to 1964
Kang Sheng - National Chuntudi Party - 1965 to 1975 - (b. 1898, d. 1975)
Zhou Chundu - National Chuntudi Party - 1975 to 1977 - (b. 1915, d. 1981)
Ye Jianying - National Chuntudi Party - 1977 to 1978 - (b. 1897, d. 1986)
`as Officer Administrating the Government from 1959 to 1964
Ye Jianying - Conservatives (from 1959-1964), National Chuntudi Party (from 1964-1978) - 1959 to 1977 (b. 1897, d. 1986)
Mohammed Daoud Khan - Social Democratic Party - 1977 to 1978 - (b. 1909, d. 1978)
Mohammed Daoud Khan - Social Democratic Party - 1977 to 1978 - (b. 1909, d. 1978)
Nur Muhammad Taraki - Khalqist faction of the Afghan Communist Party - 1978 to 1979 - (b. 1917, d. 1979)
Hafizullah Amin - Khalqist faction of the Afghan Communist Party - 1979 - (b. 1929, d. 1979)
Babrak Karmal - Parcham faction of the Afghan Communist Party - 1979 to 1986 - (b. 1929, d. 1996)
Haji Mohammad Chamkani - unknown faction of the Afghan Communist Party - 1986 to 1987, acting President - (b. 1947)
Dr. Mohammad Najibullah - Parcham faction of the Afghan Communist Party - 1987 to 1992 - (b. 1947, d. 1996)
Abdul Rahim Hatif - none - 1992, acting President - (b. 1926, d. 2010)
Sibghatullah Mojaddedi - Afghan National Liberation Front - 1992, acting President - (b. 1926)
Burhanuddin Rabbani - Jamiat-e-Islami - 1992 to 1996**, 2001 - (b. 1940, d. 2011)
Hamid Karzai - none - 2001 to 2014 - (b. 1957)
Ashraf Ghani - none - 2014 to present - (b. 1949)
**overthrown by Taliban
Hafizullah Amin - Khalqist faction of the Afghan Communist Party - 1979 - (b. 1929, d. 1979)
Babrak Karmal - Parcham faction of the Afghan Communist Party - 1979 to 1986 - (b. 1929, d. 1996)
Haji Mohammad Chamkani - unknown faction of the Afghan Communist Party - 1986 to 1987, acting President - (b. 1947)
Dr. Mohammad Najibullah - Parcham faction of the Afghan Communist Party - 1987 to 1992 - (b. 1947, d. 1996)
Abdul Rahim Hatif - none - 1992, acting President - (b. 1926, d. 2010)
Sibghatullah Mojaddedi - Afghan National Liberation Front - 1992, acting President - (b. 1926)
Burhanuddin Rabbani - Jamiat-e-Islami - 1992 to 1996**, 2001 - (b. 1940, d. 2011)
Hamid Karzai - none - 2001 to 2014 - (b. 1957)
Ashraf Ghani - none - 2014 to present - (b. 1949)
**overthrown by Taliban
*officially recognized following Saur Revolution, leaders during UDI era from 1959 to 1978 seen in list as Chuntudi (Land of the Pure)
MADAGASCAR - founded 1953 (fully independent 1982)
personal union with China
Li Philippe - Social Democratic Party - 1953 to 1961 - (b. 1912, d. 1981)
Tong Haiyuan - Conservative Party - 1961 to 1968 - (b. 1909, d. 1992)
Philippe Couillard - Social Democratic Party - 1968 to 1980 - (b. 1906, d. 2011)
Wang Bolduc - Social Democratic Party - 1980 to 1985 - (b. 1919, d. 2007)
Jacques Blanqui - Francophones Party - 1985 to 1987 - (b. 1939)
Louis Parizeau - Social Democratic Party - 1987 to 1995 - (b. 1943)
Chung Arthur - Social Democratic Party - 1995 to 2005 - (b. 1938)
Shen Margaret - Conservative Party - 2005 to 2010 - (b. 1948)
Hui Rajoelina - Social Democratic Party- 2010 to present - (b. 1974)
Tong Haiyuan - Conservative Party - 1961 to 1968 - (b. 1909, d. 1992)
Philippe Couillard - Social Democratic Party - 1968 to 1980 - (b. 1906, d. 2011)
Wang Bolduc - Social Democratic Party - 1980 to 1985 - (b. 1919, d. 2007)
Jacques Blanqui - Francophones Party - 1985 to 1987 - (b. 1939)
Louis Parizeau - Social Democratic Party - 1987 to 1995 - (b. 1943)
Chung Arthur - Social Democratic Party - 1995 to 2005 - (b. 1938)
Shen Margaret - Conservative Party - 2005 to 2010 - (b. 1948)
Hui Rajoelina - Social Democratic Party- 2010 to present - (b. 1974)
KENYA - founded 1960
personal union with China
Jomo Kenyatta - Socialist Party of Kenya - 1960 to 1978 - (b. c. 1889, d. 1978)
Daniel arap Moi - nonpartisan - 1978, acting PM, first time - (b. 1924)
Barack Obama I - National Unity Party - 1978 to 1982 - (b. 1936, d. 1982)
Daniel arap Moi - nonpartisan - 1982, acting PM, second time - (b. 1924)
Wu Guangyao - National Unity Party - 1982 to 1995 (b. 1930)
Turu Mtoto - Socialist Parity of Kenya - 1995 to 2003 (b. 1907, d. 2014)
Mwai Kibaki - National Unity Party - 2003 to 2013 - (b. 1931)
Uhuru Kenyatta - Socialist Party of Kenya - 2013 to present - (b. 1961)
Daniel arap Moi - nonpartisan - 1978, acting PM, first time - (b. 1924)
Barack Obama I - National Unity Party - 1978 to 1982 - (b. 1936, d. 1982)
Daniel arap Moi - nonpartisan - 1982, acting PM, second time - (b. 1924)
Wu Guangyao - National Unity Party - 1982 to 1995 (b. 1930)
Turu Mtoto - Socialist Parity of Kenya - 1995 to 2003 (b. 1907, d. 2014)
Mwai Kibaki - National Unity Party - 2003 to 2013 - (b. 1931)
Uhuru Kenyatta - Socialist Party of Kenya - 2013 to present - (b. 1961)
MALDIVES - founded 1962
Muhammad Fareed Didi - 1962 to 1968* (b. 1901, d. 1969)
*Overthrown
*Overthrown
Ibraham Nasir - 1968 to 1978* - Republican Party - (b. 1926, d. 2008)
Maumoon Abdul Gayoom - 1978 to 2008 - Republican Party - (b. 1937)
Mohammed Nasheed - 2008 to present - Republican Party - (b. 1967)
*Overthrown
Maumoon Abdul Gayoom - 1978 to 2008 - Republican Party - (b. 1937)
Mohammed Nasheed - 2008 to present - Republican Party - (b. 1967)
*Overthrown
MOURATERRA - founded 1975
Gamal Kalthum - African Party for the Independence of Morocco and Mouraterra (PAIMM) - 1975 to 1990 (b. 1953, d. 2006)
Abdul Llano - New Dawn - 1990 to 2004 - (b. 1932)
Anwar Cabral - PAIMM - 2004 to 2010 (b. 1949)
Luis Nasser - New Dawn - 2010 to present (b. 1938)
Abdul Llano - New Dawn - 1990 to 2004 - (b. 1932)
Anwar Cabral - PAIMM - 2004 to 2010 (b. 1949)
Luis Nasser - New Dawn - 2010 to present (b. 1938)
GREENLAND - founded 1900
(tbc)