Republic of Coldwater wrote:West Aurelia wrote:How will militias be more effective than a well-trained, organized military?
Militias aren't, but that doesn't mean they can't win wars or fight off an offensive. Indeed militias were integral in the revolutionary war and even today, poorly equipped militias in the Middle East can hold out against US Troops if they plan their tactics right.
Actually, the militia barely held off the redcoats, as I understand it. George Washington, for instance,
lost several battles to the disciplined, professional British Army, being obliged to withdraw first from New York, then from Pennsylvania (leaving the British to march into the capital of Philadelphia). It was only when
France,
Spain and the
Dutch all declared war on Britain that things turned around. Why do I attribute a significant part of the success to these European powers with their regular armies?
The King of France supplied five million livres' worth of military supplies to the militias (the
livre tournois, or "Tours Pound", being the primary French unit of currency,
worth about $1,000 of today's US dollars - so $5
billion worth of aid in today's terms, including
90% of all gunpowder used by the colonial militias), sent a
powerful French naval squadron to hamper British communications and movements (as well as
sieging key British strongholds) and finally 12,000 regular French Army troops.
The King of Spain, prior to declaring open war with Britain, allowed his own American ports to be used to send French aid to the colonists, gave the struggling colonials direct access to the incredibly rich Havana trade (the first non-Spanish traders granted that privilege), sold the colonists much of the gunpowder the French didn't, would up sending 5,000 troops to help the colonials (which incidentally
trashed virtually all British holdings in the southern colonies) and also dispatched a powerful naval force to attack British interests,
grabbing the Bahamas in the process and denying the British forces their major southern resupply port. Total Spanish financial aid to the revolutionaries is hard to calculate, but when the attackers at Yorktown were running low on supplies, the Spanish Governor in Havana
raised half a million silver pesos in just 24 hours to purchase supplies and meet the Continental Army's payroll to help them out.
The militias were an important part of the American Revolution, sure, and without a solid local support base, the French and Spanish wouldn't have been able to do much to the British in North America. But their importance has been dramatically overstated and overplayed in history books, in dramatizations (theatre, film, etc.) and essentially in every other venue.